Inventions and discoveries by india

Inventions and discoveries by india

2. Contents
Zero (500 AD)
Diamond
Iron Working (1800 -1200 BCE)
Ink (4th century BCE)
Ludo
Buttons
Sugar refinement
Algebraic abbreviations
Zinc
Indigo Dye
Muslin
Shampoo
Cashmere wool

3. Zero (500 AD)
Indians were the first to use the zero as a
symbol and in arithmetic operations. In those
earlier times a blank space was used to denote
zero, later when it created confusion a dot was
used to denote zero, in 500 AD circa Aryabhata
again gave a new symbol for zero(0) with some
new rules.

4. Diamond
Diamonds were first recognized and
mined in central India, where
significant alluvial deposits of the
stone could then be found along the
rivers Penner, Krishna and Godavari.

5. Iron Working (1800 BCE—1200 BCE)
Use of Iron in making various utensils and
weapons was first done by Indians and
the whole world knows it. Iron working
started in early Vedic period and the skill
was then adopted by the world.

6. Ink (4th century BCE)
The carbon black from which India
ink is produced is obtained by
burning bones, tar, pitch, and
other substances.

7. Ludo
Pachisioriginated in India by the 6th
century.The earliest evidence of this
game in India is the depiction of boards
on the caves of Ajanta.This game was
played by theMughal emperorsof India, a
notable example being that of Akbar.

8. Buttons
Buttons were used in theIndus Valley
Civilizationfor ornamental purposes by 2000
BCE.Some buttons were carved into geometric
shapes and had holes pierced into them so that
they could be attached to clothing by using a
thread.Ian McNeil (1990) holds that: "The button,
in fact, was originally used more as an ornament
than as a fastening, the earliest known being
found at Mohenjo-Daro in theIndus Valley.

9. Sugar Refinement
Sugarcane was originally from tropicalSouth
AsiaandSoutheast Asia.Different species likely
originated in different locations withS.
barberioriginating in India andS. eduleandS.
officinarumcoming fromNew Guinea.

11. Zinc was first smelted from zinc ore in
India. Zinc mines of Zawar, near
Udaipur, Rajasthan, were active during
early Christian era. There are references
of medicinal uses of zinc in the Charaka
Samhita(300 BCE).
Zinc

12. Indigo dye
Indigo, a blue pigment and a dye,
was used in India, which was also the
earliest major center for its
production and processing. The
Indigoferatinctoriavariety of Indigo
was domesticated in India.

13. The fabric was named after the city where
Europeans first encountered it, Mosul, in
what is now Iraq, but the fabric actually
originated from Dhaka in what is now
Bangladesh. In the 9th century, an Arab
merchant named Sulaiman makes note of
the material's origin in Bengal (known as
Ruhmlin Arabic).
Muslin

14. SHAMPOO
The word shampooin English is
derived from Hindustani chāmpo,
and dates to 1762. The shampoo itself
originated in the eastern regions of
the Mughal Empire that ruled
erstwhile India.

15. Cashmere wool
The woolen shawls made from wool
in Kashmir region of India find written
mention between 3rd century BCE
and the 11th century CE.

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