Islam & Islamic Empire intro

Islam & Islamic Empire intro

1. ISLAM and EARLY ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION 600s to 1200s

2. ISLAM Religion AND Empire In CONTEXT Islam – submission Muslim – one who submits

3. Islamic Empire Timeline Muhammad begins Islamic Rule (622 – 632) Islam Expands under the First 4 Caliphs (632-661) Sunni and Shia Split Umayyad Caliphate (Empire) (661-750) Abbasid Caliphate (Empire) (750-1258) Mongols defeat Abbasids (1258)

4. Foundations Islam began in the Arabian Peninsula within Arab Bedouin culture. Urban areas were centers of trade (and cultural diffusion)

5. Foundations Muhammad was a merchant who experienced a revelation of God (Allah) that would begin a new religion (with connections to Judaism and Christianity).

6. Spread After Muhammad gained followers and won a civil war against other clan leaders, more groups joined him. The next centuries saw rapid expansion of the Islamic empire because of . . . 1. Military success 2. the weakness of surrounding Empires 3. elements of Islamic belief

7. Spread As it spread, Arabic language and culture spread and mixed with other cultures.

8. The Spread of Islam: Map Snapshot

9. CHANGE Soon after Muhammad’s death, two groups developed as a result of conflicting ideas about leadership. Sunni and Shi’a branches of Islam continued to split into smaller groups.

10. Spread & CHANGE As Islam spread into other regions it influenced cultures. New cultures also influenced elements of Islam.

11. Texts The Quran (Koran) contains the revelations given to Muhammad. The Hadith are the teachings and actions of Muhammad.

12. Islam compared to Christianity Both monotheistic … “perfections” Both founders did NOT write the texts Both teachings initially appealed to lower classes and women Both belief systems emphasized social justice

13. Islam compared to Christianity Unlike Christianity, Islam began and continued as both a religion and a political structure. (Caliph / Sharia ) Unlike Christianity, Islam does not emphasize religious authorities like priests, popes, bishops

14. Connections with Judaism and Christianity Islam retained elements of Judaism and Christianity. Abraham Jesus (as a prophet) The Torah and Quran have similar narratives

15. ESSAY Prompts Analyze the continuities and changes over time in the social structure of Islamic Civilization as it spread from 600 ce to 1500 ce .

16. ESSAY Prompts Analyze the continuities and changes over time in the political structure of Islamic Civilization as it spread from 600 ce to 1500 ce .

17. ESSAY Prompt Analyze the continuities and changes over time in the culture of Islamic Civilization as it spread from 600 ce to 1500 ce .

18. ESSAY Prompts Analyze the continuities and changes over time in the commerce and trade of Islamic Civilization as it spread from 600 ce to 1500 ce .

19. ESSAY Prompts Analyze the continuities and changes over time in Islamic Civilization as it spread from 600 ce to 1500 ce . Analyze the similarities and differences in TWO of the following societies as they were impacted by Islam from 600 to 1500 ce . India Anatolia West Africa Spain