Isolation precautions

Lecture By.sr.Nancy Alex
ICU Staff Nurse.MGH

1. ISOLATION PRECAUTIONS. NANCY ALEX BSN RN 1

2. DEFINITION Special precautionary measures,practices and procedures used in care of patients with contagious or communicable diseases by wearing nonporous articles such as gloves,gowns.goggles,and face mask. 2

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4. EVERY HEALTH CARE PROFFESSIONAL SHOULD BE A CHAIN BREAKER ! 4

5. PURPOSES To prevent cross contamination between patients and hospital personnel. To confine and contain any infectious disease agent. To confine and contain all blood and body fluids. 5

6. BASIC PRINCIPLES Wash hands prior to entering and exiting rooms. Careful disposal of contaminated materials. Knowledge of disease and mode of transmission. Protection of client and public during transport. 6

7. 2007 GUIDELINE FOR ISOLATION PRECAUTION-CDC /HICPAC Centre for Disease Control and Prevention distinguish two types of isolation precautions: Standard precautions Transmission based precautions 1) airborne precautions 2) droplet precautions 3) contact precautions 7

8. Standard Precautions . Hand washing PPE – gloves,mask,goggles ,gown. Proper - handling of soiled patient care equipments, environmental cleaning,disposal of sharps. Minimal handling of soiled linen. Private room. 8

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11. NEW ELEMENTS OF STANDARD PRECAUTIONS. Respiratory hygiene Safe injection practices Use of masks 11

12. Transmission Based Precautions 12

13. Airborne PRECAUTIONS Tuberculosis Measles chickenpox Herpes zoster Small pox 13

14. Droplet precautions Meningitis Influenza Mumps Pertussis Rubella Common cold Measles Diphtheria Rubella 14

15. Contact precautions Hepatitis -A Antibiotic resistant bacteria Scabies Impetigo Lice MDRO s-MRSA,VRE.. 15

16. REVERSE ISOLATION Isolation procedure designed to protect a patient from infectious organisms that might be carried by staff ,other patients, visitors or on droplet in air or equipment or materials. 16

17. PATIENT PLACEMENT Spacing between beds Single rooms Ante rooms Cohorting 17

18. CLIENT CONSIDERATION Isolation Loneliness Self esteem –body image Boredom 18

19. CONCLUSION As with all infection control measures,isolation precautions are designed to prevent the spread of infection from one person to another.The RESPONSIBILITY for the practice of infection control lies in the hands of every HEALTH CARE WORKER. 19

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