IT in the Living Era Chapter 1 Intro.pptx

IT ERA

1. Introduction to Information and Communications Technology This presentation introduces you to the world of Information and Communications Technology (ICT). We will explore its definition, history, components, and its impact on our lives. By: Ms. Alona Baja, LPT

2. What is ICT? ICT ICT stands for Information and Communications Technology. It encompasses all technologies used to gather, process, store, and present data. ICT is a broader term than IT, including communication tools and technologies. IT IT refers to Information Technology. It focuses specifically on computers, software, networking, and other digital infrastructure. IT is a subset of ICT, providing the technical backbone for ICT applications.

3. Dissecting ICT Information Information is knowledge obtained through research, study, or investigation. Processed data becomes information, which is crucial for decision-making and planning. Technology like computers and the internet facilitate the processing and dissemination of information. Communication Communication involves exchanging information between individuals through verbal and nonverbal means. Technology has revolutionized communication, making it faster, more convenient, and accessible over long distances. Technology Technology refers to the tools and techniques used to achieve specific goals. ICT encompasses various technologies like computers, smartphones, the internet, and telecommunications, which have transformed many aspects of our lives.

4. Communication Through Time 1 Prehistoric Early forms of communication involved signs, symbols, and gestures. Cave paintings, rock art, and stone carvings served as visual communication tools for conveying messages. 2 Early Technology The development of writing, printing press, and telegraphs marked significant advancements in communication. These technologies made it possible to transmit information more efficiently over longer distances. 3 Digital Age The invention of the telephone, radio, television, and the internet has revolutionized communication. These technologies have connected the world and fostered rapid information exchange.

5. The Impact of ICT Enhanced Communication ICT has made communication easier, faster, and more accessible. We can connect with people anywhere in the world instantly using smartphones, social media, and video conferencing. Information Access The internet provides access to a vast amount of information. We can research topics, learn new skills, and stay updated on current events with just a few clicks. Globalization ICT has facilitated globalization by connecting people, businesses, and cultures across borders. This has led to increased trade, collaboration, and cultural exchange.

6. The Evolution of Technology Technology has always evolved alongside humanity, driven by our need to simplify tasks and enhance our lives. From basic tools like the wheel and hacksaw to complex machines like cars and computers, each invention represents a step forward in our journey of progress.

7. From Tools to Machines The Wheel The humble wheel revolutionized transportation, enabling us to move objects and people with greater ease. This simple innovation paved the way for more complex transportation systems. Modern Vehicles Today, vehicles are an essential part of modern life, facilitating travel, commerce, and communication. They represent a culmination of human ingenuity and engineering.

8. The Rise of Computers Processing Power Computers are electronic devices that process data, manipulate information, and produce results, making them indispensable tools in various fields. Technological Advancements Computers have evolved significantly over time, becoming more powerful, efficient, and accessible, transforming the way we live and work.

9. The Power of Automation Definition Automation refers to the use of technology to perform tasks automatically, reducing human intervention and increasing efficiency. Key Features Automation involves integrating computer systems with sensors, wireless applications, expert systems, and other technologies to create self-regulating processes.

10. Benefits of Automated Systems Reduced Errors Automated systems can minimize errors by eliminating human factors such as fatigue and misjudgment. Increased Productivity Automation boosts productivity by streamlining processes, accelerating production, and optimizing resource allocation.

11. The Future of Intelligent Systems 1 Artificial Intelligence AI enables machines to learn and adapt, creating intelligent systems capable of making decisions and performing complex tasks. 2 Automated Systems Automated systems perform tasks according to pre-programmed instructions, optimizing efficiency and accuracy. 3 Tools and Machines Basic tools and machines are the foundation upon which technology has evolved, providing the tools for innovation and advancement.

12. A Look Back: Evolution of Computers Computers have come a long way since their first appearance, revolutionizing every aspect of our lives. From bulky, room-sized machines to the smartphones in our pockets, this journey is marked by five key generations.

13. The Dawn of Computing: First Generation (1946-1959) ENIAC's Birth The first electronic computer, ENIAC, was a behemoth that used vacuum tubes for processing. Limited Capabilities It could perform simple arithmetic operations but had limited memory capacity.

14. Transistors Take Over: Second Generation (1959-1965) 1 Smaller, Faster, & More Reliable Transistors replaced vacuum tubes, resulting in smaller, faster, and more efficient computers. 2 Reduced Energy Consumption Transistors generated less heat and consumed less electricity, improving overall performance.

15. Integration and Miniaturization: Third Generation (1965-1971) The IC Revolution The invention of the integrated circuit (IC) brought about a dramatic miniaturization of computers. Networking Advancements Remote processing, time-sharing, and multiprogramming operating systems became possible.

16. Microprocessors and Personal Computing: Fourth Generation (1971-1980) 1 VLSI Technology Very large-scale integrated (VLSI) circuits led to the development of the microprocessor, a single chip containing thousands of transistors. 2 Rise of Personal Computers Personal computers became widely accessible, revolutionizing home and business computing. 3 Expanding Applications Microprocessor technology found applications in calculators, televisions, and other devices.

17. AI and Beyond: Fifth Generation (1980-Present) Ultra-Large Scale Integration (ULSI) Microprocessor chips with millions of components became possible, pushing computational power to new heights. Artificial Intelligence (AI) This generation focuses on computer intelligence, including AI, natural language processing, and expert systems. Future Potential The future holds exciting possibilities for further advancements in computing, including quantum computing and beyond.

18. Components of a Computer A computer is an electronic device that manipulates information or data. It has the ability to store, retrieve, and process data. It contains both hardware components and software applications.

19. Input Devices Keyboard The most common input device that accepts letters, numbers, and commands from the user. Mouse Lets one select options from on-screen menus. A mouse is used by moving it on a flat surface, pressing its two buttons (left and right), and scrolling the wheel that is located between the buttons.

20. More Input Devices Trackball Has a ball that can rotate using a finger or the palm of a hand to move the pointer. Touchpad A touch-sensitive pad that lets the user move the pointer by touching and dragging his or her finger on the pad.

21. Even More Input Devices Microphone Allows a user to speak into the computer to input data and instructions. Scanner Converts printed material (such as text and pictures) into a form the computer can use.

22. Output Devices An output device is any hardware component that transmits information to one or more people.

23. Printers Impact Printer Makes contact with the paper by pressing an inked ribbon against the paper using a hammer or pins. Non-Impact Printer Does not use a striking device to produce characters on the paper.

24. Monitors CRT Monitor A vacuum tube containing an electron gun at one end and a fluorescent screen at another end. LCD Monitor A flat-panel display that consists of a layer of color or monochrome pixels arranged schematically between a couple of transparent electrodes and two polarizing filters. LED Monitor A flat-panel display that uses light-emitting diodes for backlighting.

25. Speakers Allows one to hear music, voice, and other sounds. The signal used to produce the sound that comes from a computer speaker is created by the computer's sound card.

26. Inside the System Unit: Unveiling the Components of a Computer Welcome to a deeper dive into the world of computer hardware. This presentation will explore the essential components that work together to power your digital experiences.

27. The System Unit: The Heart of the Computer Enclosing the Essentials The system unit, sometimes called a computer case or tower, houses the core components of a computer. The Motherboard: Central Hub The motherboard is the central circuit board that connects all other components, acting as the brains of the computer.

28. Storing Data: Persistent Memory Flash Drive A compact, portable storage device commonly referred to as a pen drive or thumb drive. Hard Disk Drive A non-removable hard drive inside most computers that stores data permanently. Compact Disc (CD-ROM) A flat, round disc for storing data, often used for software and music. Digital Versatile Disc (DVD-ROM) A higher-capacity version of a CD-ROM, capable of storing a full-length movie.

29. The Power of Computers: Speed, Reliability, and Accuracy 1 Speed Electronic circuits within the system unit process information at incredibly fast speeds. 2 Reliability Modern computer components have a low failure rate, leading to dependable performance. 3 Accuracy Computers deliver error-free results when provided with correct input and instructions.

30. Communication: Connecting the World Email Sending and receiving messages electronically. Internet Connecting computers and devices globally for information sharing. Video Calls Communicating visually and verbally in real-time.

31. Key Takeaways 1 System Unit The foundation of a computer, housing essential components. 2 Storage Devices Permanent storage solutions for data and files. 3 Computer Power Speed, reliability, and accuracy define a computer's capabilities. 4 Communication Connecting computers and people through electronic means.

32. Classifying Computers Classifying computers helps us understand their capabilities and how they differ. While these classifications are helpful, keep in mind that they're not fixed as technology evolves and the lines between them blur.

33. General Computer Classifications Personal Computer (PC) A single-user computer typically using a microprocessor, keyboard, monitor, and storage device. Workstation A powerful single-user computer with a more powerful microprocessor and high-quality monitor. Minicomputer A multi-user computer supporting from 10 to hundreds of users concurrently.

34. Larger Systems Mainframe A powerful multi-user computer capable of supporting hundreds or thousands of users simultaneously. Supercomputer An extremely fast computer capable of performing millions of instructions per second. NASA's Pleiades supercomputer, with 245,536 CPU cores and 935 TB of memory, is an example.

35. Comparing Processing Power 2 Core i3 Typical desktop processor with two cores. 245,536 Pleiades NASA supercomputer, with hundreds of thousands of cores.

36. Computer Types Desktop Computers Designed for desk use, typically made up of a case, CPU, monitor, keyboard, and mouse. Laptop Computers Battery-powered computers, portable and designed for use anywhere. Tablet Computers Handheld computers with touch-sensitive screens for typing and navigation.

37. Mobile and Specialized Devices Smartphones Handheld telephones capable of browsing the internet, playing games, and performing tasks similar to computers. Wearables Devices worn throughout the day, such as fitness trackers and smartwatches. Smart TVs Modern televisions with computer-like features, including internet streaming and monitor functionalities.

38. Key Takeaways Computer classifications help us understand their capabilities and applications. From powerful supercomputers to handheld smartphones, computing technology is diverse and constantly evolving. It's important to stay informed about the different categories of computers and how they can be used to solve problems and improve our lives.

39. The Digital Age: A New Landscape for Media The terms "digital age," "information age," and "computer age" are often used interchangeably to describe the profound shift in human society driven by the ubiquitous nature of computing. This period, marked by the rise of information technology and its impact on all aspects of human activity, is characterized by a transition from traditional industry to a knowledge-based economy.

40. The Media Landscape in the Digital Age Traditional Media Historically, media encompassed tools like television, radio, and newspapers. These platforms acted as intermediaries, delivering information from professionals to audiences. Digital Transformation The digital age has disrupted this model. Social media, with platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube, has emerged as a powerful force, blurring the lines between traditional media and audience participation.

41. Media as the Message: User-Generated Content User-Generated Content (UGC) In the digital age, content is no longer solely the domain of professionals. UGC, created and owned by users, has exploded, driven by factors like widespread internet access, social media participation, and the affordability of smart devices.

42. The Power of the Blog: A Modern Diary From Diary to Digital Blogging, the online equivalent of keeping a diary, allows individuals to share their thoughts, experiences, and opinions with the world. Evolution of Blogging Microblogs like Tumblr and Twitter have emerged, facilitating the rapid sharing of short messages. Video blogging, fueled by YouTube, has allowed creators to share diverse content, from travelogues to product reviews.

43. The Medium as a Social Network Social Media as a Platform Social media platforms have become a primary avenue for information dissemination, surpassing traditional news outlets in delivering breaking news and trending topics.

44. The Blurred Lines of Media: The Rise of the Citizen Journalist In the digital age, the distinction between professional journalists and ordinary citizens creating and sharing content is becoming increasingly blurry. This shift represents a democratization of information, empowering individuals to act as both creators and consumers of media.

45. Evolution of Media The media has transformed itself based on two things: how information is presented and how the connection is established.

46. The Printing Press Early Printing Woodcut printing on cloth or paper was used in the early 15th century. Gutenberg's Innovation Johannes Gutenberg started working on a printing press in 1436, using relief printing and a molding system.

47. Telegraph and Telephone 1 Telegraph Developed in the 1800s, the telegraph allowed for one-way communication. 2 Telephone The telephone made two-way communication possible, allowing for simultaneous message sending and receiving.

48. Broadcasting and Recorded Media Radio and Television Radio and television were used to send sound and video to homes and offices through electromagnetic spectrum or radio waves. Films and Movies Films and movies became popular as they catered to larger audiences.

49. The Rise of Social Media Twitter Users can share news and updates instantly. Facebook A platform for connecting with friends and family. Instagram Sharing photos and videos with followers.

50. Technology Trends 1 Moore's Law Predicts that computing power will increase while cost decreases. 2 Smaller Devices Hardware sizes have decreased, making devices more useful. 3 Smartphones Mobile phones have become smarter, capable of running apps.

51. Emerging Trends in Technology This presentation explores key technological advancements that are shaping our world today. We'll delve into trends like the Internet of Things, Augmented Reality, and Machine Learning, examining their impact on various industries and our daily lives.

52. 1. The Internet of Things (IoT) Connecting the Physical World The Internet of Things has emerged as a prominent force, connecting everyday devices and appliances through the internet. This interconnected network allows for data collection, analysis, and control, leading to increased automation and efficiency. Smart Home Technology Controlling home appliances through mobile devices is now commonplace. From switching lights on and off to adjusting the thermostat, IoT enables greater convenience and comfort in our homes.

53. 2. Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality Virtual Reality VR immerses users in simulated environments, providing experiences ranging from gaming to training simulations. The Oculus Rift has become a popular platform for VR experiences. Augmented Reality AR overlays digital information onto the real world, enhancing our perception of reality. Games like Pokémon Go showcased the potential of AR in entertainment.

54. 3. Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence 1 Smart Assistants Siri, a prominent example, demonstrates how machine learning is enhancing personal assistants. It can understand natural language, make predictions, and learn from user interactions. 2 Enhanced Smartphone Features Features like Face ID and A11 Bionic chip in the iPhone X showcase the power of AI in smartphone technology. The A11 Bionic chip with its neural engine enables advanced learning and computation. 3 Augmented Reality Applications AR is not limited to entertainment. It can enhance productivity and efficiency by providing interactive visualizations and navigation assistance.

55. Emerging Technologies: Shaping the Future The landscape of technology is constantly evolving, giving rise to new trends that are transforming how we live, work, and interact with the world around us.

56. Face ID: The Future of Security Face ID Unlocking your phone with your face is now the new standard. It's a more secure way to keep your data safe. A11 Bionic Chip The A11 Bionic is the most powerful chip ever in a smartphone, powered by artificial intelligence. It enables facial recognition, augmented reality, and more.

57. Wireless charging A cable is not needed to charge the device. . · iOS 11 T In its latest operating system, one can scan documents in the notes app, edit live photos,and in the U.S., even pay friends in Messages. Siri can also translate languages. Augmented Reality AR is not just designed for fun. It is also meant for productivity and efficiency. It allows one to navigate without looking at a map, visualize industrial equipment, and many others.

58. 4. Automation: From Wearables to Insights Automated Data Collection Wearable devices like fitness trackers collect and store personal data automatically, empowering individuals to monitor their health and well-being. Personalized Insights Through analysis of collected data, individuals can gain valuable insights into their activity levels, sleep patterns, and overall health.

59. 5. Big Data: Transforming Decisions 1 Data-driven insights Organizations leverage big data analytics to gain valuable insights and make data-driven decisions, leading to improved business outcomes. 2 Strategic Planning By analyzing data, organizations can identify trends, predict future scenarios, and develop more effective strategic plans. 3 Real-time information Waze utilizes big data to provide users with real-time traffic updates, accident alerts, and optimized routes, enhancing their driving experience.

60. 6. Bridging the Physical and Digital Worlds System Automation Organizations are increasingly embracing automation to streamline operations and improve efficiency. Paperless Transactions Transitioning to paperless systems reduces reliance on physical documents, promoting efficiency and environmental sustainability. Seamless Integration By integrating physical elements with digital systems, organizations can optimize workflows, minimize errors, and enhance overall performance.

61. 7. Everything On-Demand: The Power of Connectivity Music On-Demand Stream your favorite tunes instantly from a variety of music services. Movies On-Demand Watch movies and shows anytime, anywhere, with subscription streaming services. Transportation On-Demand Get a ride with a tap of a button, using ride-sharing apps like Grab.

62. Key Takeaways The technological landscape is constantly evolving, with advancements in IoT, AR, VR, and AI driving innovation across industries. These trends have the potential to revolutionize how we live, work, and interact with the world around us.

63. Impact of ICT on Individuals, Organizations, and Society Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have fundamentally changed how individuals interact, organizations operate, and society functions. From the way we learn and communicate to how businesses conduct transactions and governments deliver services, ICT has become an integral part of modern life. This presentation will delve into the multifaceted impact of ICT on individuals, organizations, and society, exploring both its positive and negative aspects.

64. Dual-Edged Sword: Benefits and Drawbacks of ICT Positive Impacts ICT revolutionizes education by providing access to online courses and vast knowledge repositories. It facilitates global communication and collaboration. Furthermore, ICT enhances security through sophisticated surveillance systems and data encryption. Negative Impacts While offering numerous benefits, ICT also presents challenges. Overreliance on technology can limit face-to-face interaction. The spread of misinformation and cyberbullying poses significant risks. Data privacy concerns arise from the extensive collection and analysis of personal information.

65. Ethical Dilemmas in the Digital Age 1 Plagiarism The widespread availability of digital content has made it easier than ever to plagiarize. This ethical violation undermines academic integrity and intellectual property rights. It is crucial to uphold ethical standards and cite sources properly. 2 Exploitation ICT can be misused for exploitative purposes, such as the unauthorized copying and distribution of copyrighted works. This unethical practice can lead to financial losses for creators and hinder innovation. 3 Libel The internet's global reach and anonymity can facilitate the spread of defamatory content. Libel, whether written or spoken, can harm individuals' reputations and cause irreparable damage. It is vital to ensure that all online communications are truthful and responsible.

66. Navigating the Ethical Landscape of ICT Software Piracy Software piracy, the illegal copying and distribution of software, violates intellectual property rights and undermines the software industry. It is essential to obtain legitimate software licenses to support software development and protect against security risks. Data Privacy The collection and use of personal data raise critical ethical concerns. Individuals have a right to privacy, and organizations must handle data responsibly, ensuring transparency and accountability. Data protection regulations aim to safeguard individuals' rights and prevent data breaches. Cyberbullying Cyberbullying involves the use of electronic communication to bully or harass others. It can have devastating consequences for victims' well-being and mental health. It is crucial to promote digital citizenship and educate individuals about the ethical implications of online behavior.

67. Building a Responsible Digital Future Education Promoting digital literacy and ethical awareness is crucial. Education programs should emphasize responsible use of technology and teach students about ethical principles, digital citizenship, and cybersecurity. Collaboration Collaboration between stakeholders, including governments, industry leaders, and academic institutions, is essential for developing ethical guidelines and policies for ICT use. Joint efforts can help address emerging ethical challenges. Awareness Raising public awareness about ethical considerations in ICT use is essential. Individuals should be encouraged to be critical consumers of information, practice responsible online behavior, and report unethical practices.

68. Key Takeaways and Next Steps 1 Ethical Considerations 2 Responsible Use 3 Digital Citizenship 4 Positive Impact ICT has transformed our world, offering immense opportunities while presenting ethical challenges. Embracing ethical principles, fostering digital citizenship, and promoting responsible use of technology are crucial for harnessing the full potential of ICT for the benefit of individuals, organizations, and society. Continuous dialogue, collaboration, and education are essential to ensure a positive and ethical future for the digital landscape.