IV Infusion

IV infusion procedure including indications,contraindications,etc...

1. INTRAVENOUS INFUSION

2. INTRODUCTION Intravenous (IV)  simply means “within a vein.” IV therapy is a treatment that infuses fluids, medications, blood, or blood products into a vein for treatment of a patient . It permits accurate dosing and a swift effect of the substance infused. IV therapy is used to administer fluids, drugs, and nutrients when a patient cannot take these items orally. The rapid effect of fluids delivered directly into the bloodstream is necessary during emergencies or other critical-care situations in which medications are needed.

3. DEFINITION The term intravenous can be described as administering a solution into or within a vein The term infusion is defined as a slow injection of a substance into a vein or subcutaneous tissue

4. INDICATIONS Water and salt depletion –diarrhea , vomiting , excessive diuresis Hypovolemic shock Alkalosis with dehydration Severe salt depletion and hyponatremia Initial fluid therapy in DKA Hypercalcemia Fluid challenge in prerenal ARF Irrigation –washing of body fluids Vehicle for certain drugs

5. CONTRAINDICATIONS Liver disease,severe hypoxia and shock Severe CHF ,lactic acidosis takes place Addisons disease Vomiting or NGT induced alkolosis Simultaneous infusion of RL and blood Certain drug – amphotericin , thiopentan , ampicillin ,doxycycline

6. EQUIPMENTS NEEDED A TRAY CONTAINING Medication Syringe tray Iv set Paper tray Needle extra medication card Labels ( checkby label , additive label ,date label ) Fluid plan Kidney tray Posi flush 10 cc syringe 100 ml NS Alcohol swab / dry and wet cotton Gloves

7. PREPARATION OF NURSE

8. PREPARATION OF NURSE CONTINUED CHECK DOCTORS ORDER. COLLECT ALL THE ARTICLES FOR THR PROCEDURE. PERFORM HAND HYGIENE

9. PREPARATION OF PATIENT

10. PREPARATION OF PATIENT CONTINUED EXPLAIN THE PROCEDURE TO THE PATIENT. PROVIDE COMFORTABLE POSITION. PROVIDE MORAL SUPPORT.

11. PREPARATION OF ENVIRONMENT

12. PREPARATION OF ENVIRONMENT CONTINUED ENSURE ADEQUATE LIGHT AND VENTILATION. PROVIDE PRIVACY. KEEP THE UNIT CLEAN. KEEP THE CARDIAC TABLE NEAR TO THE PATIENTS BEDSIDE FOR EASY ACCESS.

13. COMPLICATIONS LOCAL COMPLICATIONS SYSTEMIC COMPLICATIONS Infiltration Embolism pulmonary embolism air embolism catheter embolism extravasation Hematoma thrombosis Systemic infection Thrombophlebitis Circulatory overload Phlebitis Allergic reaction Speed shock