IWRBS REPORT ISLAM SECULARIZATION ANS MUSLIM WORLD TODAY.pptx

Religion 12 Q2

1. IWRBS Islam Secularization and the Muslim World Today

2. After the death of Prophet Muhammad, divisions arose over leadership succession. Sunnis believed no successor was appointed and accepted Abu Bakr as the first caliph, while Shias held that Ali, the Prophet’s son-in-law, was his rightful heir. This disagreement eventually led to a permanent split, with Sunnis now making up about 85% of Muslims and Shias about 15%, concentrated mainly in Iran, Iraq, Bahrain, Azerbaijan, and Lebanon. Origins of the Sunni-Shia Split

3. The Sunni-Shia divide into the 21 st Century There are identified three key milestones that would sharpen Sunni-Shia divisions by the end of the 20 th century. First came the rise Of the Safavid dynasty in the 16 th century, which transformed Iran (through force) from a Sunni center into the Shia stronghold of the Middle East. In the early 20 th century, the victorious Allics divided the territory held by the former Ottoman Empire after World War 1 cutting through centuries-old religious and ethnic communities in the process. Finally, in 1979, the Islamic Revolution in fran produced a radical brand of Shia lalam that would clash violently with Sunni conservatives in Saudi Arabia and elsewhere in the decades to follow.

4. In the modern era, Muslims continue to live by the Quran, shari’ah , and diverse traditions while facing new global challenges. Post-colonial Islam has seen both resurgence and migration, shaping Muslim communities worldwide. Some groups, such as al-Qaeda, Boko Haram, and ISIL, interpret Islam as a transnational ideology and justify violence, though their actions are widely condemned by Muslims and global society. The Muslim World Today

5. Muslims are now spread across every continent, contributing to diverse cultural and social contexts. In the United States, for example, immigrants, converts, and African American Muslims mix to form a uniquely American expression of Islam. Despite political, cultural, and social struggles, Islam is the fastest-growing religion, reflecting the reality that while “Islam is one, Muslims are many.”

6. Despite sectarian, political, and cultural challenges, Islam remains the fastest-growing religion, demonstrating unity in faith but diversity in practice across nations and sects. The saying, “Islam is one. Muslims are many,” reflects the shared spiritual foundation alongside the varied experiences of Muslim communities worldwide. CONCLUSION Technique 3

7. 01 Essay Question:
Explain how the Sunni-Shia divide began and describe its impact on the Muslim world today. QUIZ

8. Thank you!