JANGAMA VISHA .pptx-

Jangama visha is a major type of visha which means animate poions. Description of each type is mentioned here.

1. J A N G A M A V I S H A Dr Anu Mariam V a r g h ese 2 nd MD Scholar De p t o f Aga datantra GAVC ,TVM

2. CONTENTS Ja n g a ma visha Jan g a m a Visha adishtan a s Examples V enom del i v e r y sys t em Examples Sarpa vi sha causes Sarpa vi sha t y pes

3. J A N G A M A V I S H A Visha , basing upon its origin , has been classified into two categories Jangama (animal poison) and sthavara ( plant and mineral poison).

4. JANGAMA VISHA ADISHTANA A h , Cha r aka - 1 D am s htra S U , AS – 16 AS – So nitha (blood ) and sparsa (touch) ins t ead of T un d a (beak ) and V i sha r d hita (flatu s ) of Su , o thers sa m e Drishti - sight Lala - saliva Ni s was a - b r eathing A r t a va - menstrual blo o d Nagha - nails, cl a ws Dam s htra - tusk, canine teeth Sakrit - exc r eta Sooka - hai r , bristles, stings Mut r a - urine Pith a - bile Sukra - semen S a va - ca d a v er/ d ead bo d y Mukha - m o uth Asthi - bones

5. (AS.Utta.40/10) ( Su.K a lp a 3/3)

6. JANGAMA VISHA ADHISTANA No Adhistana Examples 1 Drishti Divya sarpa 2 Niswasa Divya sarpa 3 Nagha Marjara, makara, manduka, godha, ghrihagolika, lutha, sambooka 4 S a krit / p u r eesha Chipita, picchitaka, kashayavaasika, sarshapaka 5 Mutra V a r cha k eeta, k ou n d n yak a , lutha 6 Sukra M ush i k a , lutha 7 Lala Lutha 8 Artava Lutha 9 Mukhasamdamsa Lutha, mashika, kanaba, jalayuka 10 Visardhitha Chitrasira, sarava, arimedaka, sarikamukha

7. Sl. no Adhistana Examples 11 Tunda Uchitinga, varati , satapadi, sukavalbika, sringibramara 12 Asthi Vishahathashti, sarpakandaka 13 Pitha S akuli mats y a, r a ktar a j i , v a r a ti mats y a. 14 Suka/ a a ra Vrischka, viswabhara, varati, rajivamatsya, uchitinga, samudra vrischika 15 sava K eeta s a rpa mrita deha 16 Dramshtra Bhouma sarpa, marjara, swa, vanara, makara, manduka, pakamatsya, godha, shambhuka, prachalaka, grihagodhika, chatushpadakeeta.

8. JANGAMA VISHA SAMANYA LAKSHANA Ment i oned i n Charaka Ch i ki t sa 23 r d ch a pe r M o st l y general i sed symp t oms

9. “VENOMOUS” & “POISONOUS” ANIMALS Venomous animals : capable of producing a poison in a highly developed secretory gland or group of cells and that can deliver their toxin during a biting or stinging act. Eg : sn a k es, spiders Poisonous animals: those whose tissues, either in part or in their entirety, are toxic E g : da r t f r og

10. VENOM DELIVERY SYSTEM Ectodermic origin. Constituted by type III cells: They are Secretory cells with canaliculi - for collecting and conducting the secretion until its destination. Morphology of the venom glands - vary according to the species. Composed of long secretory tubules, attached to a sac-like reservoir

11. The venom glands - two free tubular portions that are individually connected to the venom reservoir . Tubules :cylindrical and present some slight protuberances on their surface, produced by imprinting of their epithelial cells.. Reservoir : muscular structure, constituted by muscular fibers arranged obliquely and transversely in four different lobules.

12. Histological studies : The tubular portion of the venom glands : composed by cylindrical cells and its epithelium internally coated with cuticle. Another secretory epithelium was found inside the reservoir, being denominated convoluted gland Reservoir tissue- Some tracheas are present A t its proxi m al region, there i s an excretory duct that leads t h e stored venom un t il it reaches the sting.

13. VENOM DELIVERY SYSTEM IN DIFFERENT SPECIES SNAKES Special glands near the upper jaw of the snakes which are akin to human parotid gland. •

14. Telson, the terminal segment is vesicular in shape and at the tip possess a sharp hollow stinger with tiny pores which se r v es as o u le t f or v enom secreted by two poison glands contained in the telson. SCORPION

15. SPIDERS Spiders h a v e six pairs of a p p en dag es. The first pair, called the chelicerae , constitute the jaws. Each chelicera ends in a fang containing the opening of a po i son gland The venom ducts pass through the chelicerae, which somet i mes also cont ain t h e v en om glands

16. WASP T w o impo r tant ass o ci ated exocrine gl a nds : V enom gl a nd & Du f our gl a nd . The v enom gl a nd dis cha r ges At the ti p o f the st i ng, D u f our gl a nd is not di r ec t l y r elate d .

17. CENTIPEDE Characterized by the external body segmentation, wi t h a pa i r o f a r t i cu l a t ed leg s conn ected to each se g me n t . Conn ected to t h e f o r eh ead is a pa i r o f f o r ceps, t h e max i l l i pe ds , wi t h v en omous fang - l i k e t i ps . The v enom is p r o d uced b y a pair o f glands one o f eac h loc a ted in eac h maxi l li p eds

18. FROG The parotoid gland - external skin gland on the back, neck, and shoulder of toads and some frogs. Secrete a number of milky alkaloid substances - bufotoxins. Bufotoxins : act as neurotoxins to deter predation.

19. SARPA VISHA Amp l e nar ratio n s abou t sna k es a r e p r esent i n Bri h at t r a yi and Laghu tr a yi These references are the most authentic sources, influencing contemporary Ayurveda .

20. SARPA VISHA CAUSES I n sea r ch of f ood Out of fear When trampled or tou c hed b y f eet Mo r e ac c u m ulatio n of v enom I n ang r y Those wh o in d ulge i n s in f ul acts By hatredness F r om i nsti gation b y Go d , s ages, Go d of d eath

21. (Su.Ka.3/12) (AH.Utt.36/6)

22. ( Ca.chi 23/162)

23. ( P r a y ogasa m uch a y a m )

24. SARPA VISHA TYPES Su s ruth a – 2 Divya s a rpa , Bha u ma s a rpa Bha u ma s a rpa – 80 D a r v eek a ra - 26 M a ndali - 22 Raj i l a - 10 Ni r visha - 12 V aikar a n j a - 3 V aikar a n j ob a v a - 7 Divya s a rpa Vasuki Takshaka Mahidhara N a gendra et c ..

25. AS 2 types - Bhauma sarpa – Darveekara, Mandali, Raajimanda - D i v ya sarpa AH, Vishajyotsnika, Prayoga samuchyam, Charaka, Kriyakoumudhi Bhauma sarpa – Darveekara, Mandali, Rajila M.Ni 3 t y pes – B hogi , Man d ali , Raj ila Varna bheda –Susrutha -4, Brahmana, Kshatreeya,Vaishya, Sudra Ling a b he d a - Char a ka - 3, St r e e , P urush a , N a pum s aka

26. ( Su. k al 4/9)

27. REFERENCES Susru t ha samhi t ha kalpasthan a m Astangasangraha Uttarasthana Charaka samhi t ha Chi k i ts asthana Astangahridaya Uttarasthana P r a y o g a S a m uch a y a m Vishajyotsnika Kriyakoumudhi Wikipedia V V P i l l a y M o d e rn me d i c a l t o xicolo g y

28. “THE ULTIMATE INSPIRATION IS THE DEADLINE”