JAYAPALA_new.pptx

CLASS PPT

1. JAYAPALA ( जयपाल / रेचक) B. JAYANTH. SHETTY 3 RD BAMS MIAMS

2. Botanical name Family name Croton Tiglium Euphorbiaceae

3. Type of poison Varnacular Names Irritant poison Kannada English Hindi ಜಾಪಾಳ (Japala) Purging croton Jamalgota

4. Synonyms Poisonous part जेपाल , तिन्तिडोफल , दन्ताबीज Seeds

5. HABIT Description Flowers Bark A tropical evergreen tree, seen all over India and growing up to 15-20 ft. Greenish yellow colored Smooth, ash colored Continue…

6. Leaves Seeds Alternate and toothed with a terminal raceme inflorescena . Seeds albuminous , ovate, oblong, convex on dorsal and some what flattened on ventral surface and resemble castor seed in shape, dull cinnemon -brown, often mottled with black due to abrasion. Kernel Oil yellowish and oily, consisting of large endosperm, no marked odour . Continue…

7. Oil Habitat Brownish in colour , viscid in appearance, unpleasant in smell and bitter in taste. All over India.

8. Rasa Panchaka रस गुण वीर्य विपाक कटु गुरु, रुक्ष, तीक्ष्ण उष्ण कटु

9. Toxic Chemical Constituents Seeds Oil Crotin ( toxalbumin ) Crotonoside Crotonoleic acid, Methyl crotonic acid , Crotonol

10. Signs and Symptoms Hot burning pain in mouth and throat extending to the abdomen. Salivation Nausea Vomiting Purging with severe griping pain and bloody stools Tachycardia Vertigo Circulatory and respiratory collapse and death.

11. Fatal dose Fatal period 1 to 4 seeds (crushed) Average 4 to 6 hours Greater than 3 days also reported

12. Treatment -- S tomach wash with water and activated charcoal. -- Maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance. -- Demulcent drinks like milk/egg white. -- Morphine to allay pain .

13. Post Mortem Appearances Red inflamed mucus membrane of stomach and intestine-excoriated at places. Congested liver and spleen. Swollen and congested kidney. Occasionally postmortem finding are negative .

14. Medico-legal Importance Accidental poisoning resulting from swallowing croton oil by mistake/when taken in large doses as a purgative or by eating seeds/inhaling their dust. Suicidal and homicidal are rare. The root and oil are sometimes taken internally as an abortifacient. Oil is used as arrow poison.

15. पोट्टली is prepared using the बीज and place it in ढोलायन्त्र . Fresh जयपाल बीज is taken. Remove its बाह्यत्वच and radicle after cutting it as two . Method of Shodhana : स्वेदन is done for I प्रहर using गोदुग्ध . This procedure should be repeated for 3 times .

16. Importance of JAYAPALA shodhana : Acute oral toxicity study for Raw Jayapala (RJ) and Shodhita Jayapala (SJ) seed sample were carried out following OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) guidelines . Rats were divided into 2 groups and named as RJ (raw Jayapala ) and SJ ( shoditha Jayapala ) and administered a single dose of 2000 mg/kg orally and then observed individually for the first 30 mins, then over a period of every 2 hours for 24 hours and at least once daily for 14 days.

17. Result : In the oral acute toxicity study, mortality was observed in raw Jayapala treated group after 140 minutes of drug administration at a dose level of 2000 mg/kg while no mortality was found in Shodhita Jayapala treated group during the course of study (14 days) at an oral dose level of 2000 mg/kg.

18. Signs and symptoms : In the group treated with RJ In the group treated with SJ The behavioral signs of toxicity such as CNS depression ( hypoactivity , passivity, relaxation, and ataxia), ANS (ptosis), hypothermia, abdominal cramps were also observed during first one hour. Multiple ulceration and perforation and internal bleeding of the GI tract. The opposite effect such as hyperactivity, Straub tail, rearing, ambulation, diarrhoea was found in SJ treated group. All the animals were normal except behavioural changes during the period of study in this group.

19. Conclusion: In acute oral toxicity, raw Jayapala (C. tiglium ) seed at the dose of 2000 mg/kg showed toxic effects and mortality while Shodhita (processed/purified) seeds produced behavioural changes and increase the faecal pellet, its consistency and diarrhoea like activity but did not produce any toxicity and mortality in rats. From the present study, it is concluded that Jayapala must be administered after Shodhana .

20. औषध योग जलोदरारिरस जयपालाञ्जन इच्छाभेदि रस Therapeutical Dose “1/8 1/4 gunja ”

21. Reference जयपालस्य बीजानि नवानि तु समाहरेत्। बाह्यत्वचमपाकृत्य द्विधा खलु विभेदयेत्॥हरिदुर्गा नातिदीर्घा रसनां तु परित्यजेत्। पोट्टलाभय विन्यस्य ढोलायन्त्रे विधानतः।।गव्यदुग्धं प्रयत्नेग वामेकं स्वेदयेत्ततः। एवं त्रिचारं सुस्विन्त्रो जयपालो विशुद्धयानि।। ( र .त . २४/३१० ) अष्टमांशाद्भक्तिकाया रक्तिन्चरणांशिकम् । जयपालं प्रयुञ्जीत भेषजैः सह योजितम् ।। ( र.त. २४/३२० )

22. Thank you