Jazmine Philosophy-Marxist.pptxJazmine Philosophy-Marxist.pptx

https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/lesson-2-english-for-academic-and-professional-purposes/237110165

1. TO WARM UP OURSELVES MORE LET’S WATCH A SHORT FILM

2. What can you say with the photos and the videos?

3. Rich poor unfair

4. BOURGEOISIE PROLETARIAT RICH POOR  the capitalist class who own most of society's wealth and means of production. workers or working-class people, regarded collectively (often used with reference to Marxism)

5. Imagine history as a soap opera where the working class fights against the wealthy elite!

6. PLOT TWIST Marxism

7. Marxism Marxism is like a political rollercoaster: it critiques capitalism and promises a thrilling ride toward a classless society!

8. Marxism Classless society

9. Root of Marxist literary theory Born in Tier, Germany in 1818 His writings became the basis of Marxism Approach. Philosopher, economist, and revolutionary socialist who co-authored "The Communist Manifesto" and wrote "Das Kapital." KARL MARX MARXISM

10. Collaborator with Marx co-author of "The Communist Manifesto," and advocate for Marxist theory. FRIEDRICH ENGELS

11. Later Thinkers Vladimir Lenin THE STRATEGIST include

12. Later Thinkers Mao Zedong THE REVOLUTIONARY include

13. Later Thinkers Antonio Gramsci THE THEORIST WITH A TWIST include

14. Critique of Inequality: Marxism Highlights and critiques the exploitation and inequality inherent in capitalist systems.

15. Focus on Workers Marxism Emphasizes the rights and empowerment of the working class.

16. Historical Analysis Marxism Provides a framework for understanding historical and social change through class struggle.

17. Practical Implementation Issues: Marxism Challenges in translating theory into practice, often leading to authoritarian regimes.

18. Economic Efficiency Marxism Criticized for potential inefficiencies and lack of incentives in a planned economy.

19. Human Rights Concerns: Marxism Historical implementations have sometimes led to human rights abuses and suppression of freedoms.

20. Macro level Marxism Economic Systems Theoretical foundation for socialist and communist economies, emphasizing communal ownership and planned economies.

21. Macro level Marxism Political Systems Influences on government structures aiming to replace capitalist systems with socialism and eventually communism.

22. Marxism Advocacy for workers' rights, labor unions, and fair working conditions. level micro Worker Empowerment

23. Marxism Local initiatives and cooperatives that reflect Marxist principles of shared ownership and democratic management. level micro Community Organizations

24. Marxism Using Marxism (Historical and Contemporary) Example Countries Soviet Union: Implemented Marxist-Leninist principles; one-party state with centralized economic planning.

25. Marxism Using Marxism (Historical and Contemporary) Example Countries China Initially followed Maoist principles; has since integrated market reforms while retaining the Communist Party's control.

26. Marxism Using Marxism (Historical and Contemporary) Example Countries Cuba Socialist state with centralized planning and state ownership of most industries.

27. Marxism But…… One should be careful in branding communism, socialism, or any other similar ideologies as Marxist because they not necessarily reflect the ideas of Karl Marx although these ideologies might find their roots in the tenets proposed by Marx.

28. One should be careful in branding communism, socialism, or any other similar ideologies as Marxist because they do not necessarily reflect the ideas of Karl Marx although these ideologies might find their roots in the tenets proposed by Marx. Marxism

29. LET’S TAKE A PEEK to Some of the ideological and conceptual bases of Marxism. but Please don’t get overwhelmed with the series of paragraphs as we wanted to share some examples in each ideological and conceptual basis

30. a. Alienation - this is the relationship between two or more people or parts of oneself in which one is cut off from, a stranger or alien, the others (Sargent 2009) Imagine a country where the government enforces strict laws favoring the wealthy, leaving the working class with low wages and poor living conditions. People feel disconnected from political power because they have no say in the laws that affect them. This sense of powerlessness and detachment is a form of political alienation under Marxist ideology, where the working class is estranged from the systems that control their lives.

31. b. Class Struggle Karl Marx also noted the struggle between the bourgeoisie (the capitalist or middle class) and the proletariat (workers. The bourgeoisie social class oppresses and exploits the proletariat not only through unfair compensation of the latter's labor but also by setting up laws and standards, and controlling the system or the state to maintain its social status. Imagine a card game where the bourgeoisie (wealthy elite) always deal the cards. The proletariat (workers) sit at the table, but the deck is stacked against them. No matter how well they play, the bourgeoisie controls the rules, reshuffles the deck, and keeps the best cards for themselves. The workers are left with just enough to keep playing but never enough to win.

32. c. Materialism Marxism and the offshoot of this ideology offer a complex perspective and usage of materialism. Most social scientists, however, would agree to the basic definition that "how people think is greatly affected by how you live" (Sargent 2009) . Imagine two people living in different housing conditions: one in a luxury apartment and the other in a small, run-down apartment. The person in the luxury apartment might view home ownership as a symbol of success and stability, while the person in the run-down apartment might see it as a constant struggle. Their different living conditions shape their perceptions and attitudes towards housing and success. This example shows how material conditions—like where you live—affect how you think and feel about the world.

33. d. Revolution Almost all theories and ideologies related to Marxism consider proclaiming revolution as the way to change the system. By revolution, Marx did not mean peaceful walkouts but a violent one in which the proletariat will topple down the elite class and all the systems they have made. Imagine a school where a small group of students (the “elite”) have most of the power and make decisions about everything from lunch menus to extracurricular activities, while the rest of the students (the “proletariat”) feel their voices aren’t heard. According to Marxist theory, the “proletariat” students might organize and campaign to change the system. They could demand a fairer system where all students have an equal say in decisions. This change might involve a “revolutionary” process—organizing protests, holding rallies, or creating a new student council with more democratic voting processes.

34. e. Anarchism While most people are familiar with how anarchy is popularly used to mean chaos due to the nonexistence of control mechanisms, the idea behind it is actually more on peaceful coexistence and quality. In a group project at school, instead of having one leader, all students work together to plan and organize their tasks. They hold regular meetings where they discuss ideas and decide on how to divide the work fairly. If a disagreement comes up, they talk through it calmly and make decisions together to find a solution that everyone agrees on. By working cooperatively and respecting each other’s opinions, the group avoids confusion and chaos, creating a peaceful and productive environment where everyone contributes to the project’s success.

35. f. Libertarianism This is another version of anarchism but involves the government in a minimal role such as ensuring the safety of everyone and fairness in whatever contracts or dealings(Sargent 2009) Imagine a local neighborhood where there is no formal city government, but the community still has a small, supportive role. Residents organize their own activities, manage shared spaces, and resolve disagreements through group meetings. The minimal government in this case handles essential tasks like ensuring safety, such as fire and police services, and mediates disputes over agreements or property. For instance, if two neighbors disagree about a shared boundary, the government steps in to help resolve the issue fairly, without imposing extensive rules or control. This setup allows the community to run smoothly with minimal interference, while still providing necessary support and maintaining fairness.

36. Can you share a little of what you have learned?

37. critiques capitalism and promotes a classless society through revolutionary change. Marxism