Jens - Karl Marx. Biografía y análisis de suZ estudios

Karl Marx uno de los autores y precursores del comunismo, un filósofo muy influyente en el siglo 19.

1. A Presentation by Jens
Aka James Dedon

3. Karl Heinrich Marx
•Karl Marx was born on the
5
th
of May 1818 to a middle
class family in Trier,
Germany.
•Strong anti-Semitism at the
time forced Karl's father to
convert the family to
Christianity or risk forfeiting
his career in law.
•Marx’s father was an
educated man. Thus
exposing young Karl to
philosophy and classical
literature.

4. •Karl attended Gymnasium in Trier between
the years 1830 and 1835 where he
received average grades.
•Upon completion of Gymnasium, Karl
enters the University at Bonn, to study law
and follow in his fathers footsteps.
Education

5. •While attending University at Bonn, Karl
meets and falls in love with Jenny Von
Westphalen, the daughter of a powerful
member of Trier’s high society.
•Karl and Jenny became secretly engaged
to be wed.
•In the autumn of 1836, following his
engagement to Jenny, Karl enters the
University of Berlin for a more formal
education.

6. •Marx spoke in a Rhenish dialect that was
extremely difficult for the Berliners to understand.
He also suffered from a pronounced lisp. These
factors led to a sort of social isolation.
•Karl was not a good verbal communicator. He
was much better at expressing himself by writing
down his ideas.
•He confided only in a tight knit group of friends
and professors at the University in Berlin.

7. •While studying in Berlin, Karl becomes involved
in a group known as the “Young Hegelians,” a
group of professors and students who would
discuss philosophy and politics. Hegelianism
was a popular philosophy in Berlin at the time.

8. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
(1770-1831)
•G.W.F. Hegel was German philosopher of the
“German Idealism” period.
•Hegel used a scientific process of critiquing
philosophy.
•Traditional logic is used systematically break
down philosophy to a solidified level.

9. •In May of 1838, Karl’s father dies.
•Karl quickly slips into depression and becomes
even more involved with the Young Hegelians.
•He abandons most of his formal education.
•In the course of the five years when Karl
attended University in Berlin, he attended only
thirteen courses. This is the amount of courses
a normal student would complete in a year and a
half. He also changed his address an
astonishing 7 times in the same five years.
•Karl refers to University simply as his “camping
ground.”

10. •Karl cannot receive doctorate from Berlin
University.
•After applying at a few different Universities
throughout Germany, Karl is awarded a
doctorate from Jena University in 1841.
•Karl had been planning a career as a University
Professor, much like his mentor and fellow
“Young Hegelian” Bruno Bauer, but as tensions
grew within the Prussian autocracy against their
radical views on government, state funded
careers became out of the question.
•Marx, married his love Jenny Von Westphalen
June 19, 1843, and less than a year later she
gives birth to their first daughter, Jenny.
•Eleanor, Laura and Edgar follow.

12. The Problem….
•During the early 1800s, the Industrial
Revolution was changing the world.
•The human condition was degrading
swiftly.
•Class struggles intensify as the
bourgeoisie (Industry owners) exploit the
proletariats’ (workers) worth…their means
to produce.

13. J.D. Rockefeller
$900,000,000

14. Lil Johnny
5 cents a day!

15. Political Activism
•After University, Karl Marx takes up a position as
an editor for a socialistic periodical known as the
Rheinische Zeitung.
•The political radicalism of the papers content
force the government to close down the
newspaper.
•Karl takes his family to France in 1843. This
would be the first of many government-induced
exoduses by the Marx family.
•1844, Early September: Karl Marx meets
Friedrich Engels, his closest associate until the
end of his life.

16. Marx and Engels
•Freddie and Karl get into lots of
trouble together.
•In 1845, Karl is forced out of
France by the French
government. He takes his
family to Belgium where they
live for the three years in a
humble 3 room flat.
•It is here where Karl conceives
his ideas of history pertaining to
the materialistic needs of
mankind.
•This would be the basis for
what would soon become
known as Marxism.

17. Marx·ism[ máark sìzzəm]
•Noun
•1.Marx's theories:the political and economic theories
of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, in which class
struggle is a central element in the analysis of social
change in Western societies
2.politics based on Marx's theories:political ideology
based on the theories of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
Marx·istnadj

18. •The Revolutions of 1848 break out and Karl
moves back to Paris.
•The revolution is squandered, and the
Communist League is dispersed.
•Not but a few months later, Marx and his family
return to Germany. Karl starts the Neue
Rheinische Zeitung. A continuation of his prior
revolutionary newspaper.
•The Prussians once again shut down his
circulation, and Karl moved once again.
•This time to London.
•He would remain in London for the rest of his
days.

20. •Marx and Engels were commissioned
by The Communist League to write its
manifesto and mission statement .
•Throughout Europe revolution was in
the air during the 1840s. In 1848,
France, Britain, and Germany all
suffered huge socialist uprisings.
•Published in February of 1848, the
Communist Manifesto would be the
vehicle to spread the Idea of Scientific
Socialism and bring momentum to the
cause.
•The Manifesto was first published as
a pamphlet in London, February
1848.
•It’s circulation is in the hundreds of
millions.
•It is considered by many to be one of
the greatest works of social literature
of all time.

21. •Published first in 1867, Das
Kapital was much more critical of
capitalism than The Communist
Manifesto.
•Where the Communist Manifesto
was a calling for others to join the
cause, Das Kapital was more a
academic reference text.
•Das Kapital took an in depth look
at the history of society and the
impacts of economics on the
human condition.
•Marx intended to publish a total
of three volumes of Das Capital,
but deceased on March 14,1883,
before the final two volumes
reached print.
•Friedrich Engels completes the
final two drafts and brought them
to print in 1885 and 1894.
•Das Kapital continues today to
be a most valuable source of
information regarding economics
and labor.

22. Who comes rushing in, impetuous and wild
Dark fellow from Trier, in fury raging,
Nor walks nor skips, but leaps on his prey.
In tearing rage, as one who leaps to grasp
Broad spaces of the sky and drag them down to Earth,
Stretching his arms wide to the heavens.
His evil fist is clenched, he roars interminably.
As though ten thousand devils had him by the hair.
-Edgar Bauer
Brother of Bruno Bauer
A member of the Young Hegelians
1842

23. •Many people view Karl Marx and Marxism as
nothing more than the reasons for the cold
war, and the atrocities caused by many of the
communist regimes that have been in power
in the world.
•Other people believe Karl Marx was one of, if
not the greatest philosopher of all time. In fact
according to BBC listeners in 2005, Marx is
the greatest philosopher of all time.
“The philosophers have only interpreted the
world, in various ways. The point, however, is
to change it.”
-Francis Wheen
BBC Radio

24. •Gregg, Samuel, “Low Marx for Poor Memory.” Action Institute For the Study of Religion and Liberty, September 14, 2005.
November 29, 2005 <http://www.action.org/ppolicy/comment/article.php?id=287&showall=yes>.
•“Karl Marx.” Wikipedia, 30 November, 2005 <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Marx>.
•Kreiss, Steven. “Karl Marx,” The History Guide, March 26, 2005. November 29, 2005
<http://www.historyguide.org/intellect/marx.html>..
•“Marx, Karl," Microsoft® Encarta® Online Encyclopedia 2005
http://encarta.msn.com © 1997-2005 Microsoft Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
•Payne, Robert. “Marx. A Biography,” New York: Simon & Schuster, 1968.
•Redding, Paul, "Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2002 Edition),
Edward N. Zalta (ed.), <http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2002/entries/hegel/>.
•Wheen, Francis, :In Our Time’s Greatest Philosopher Vote,” BBC Radio Online, September 2005,
<http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/history/inourtime/greatest _philosopher_karl_marx.shtml>.