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1. J ø rn Oberg Utzon

2. Early life and career Utzon was born in Copenhagen , the son of a naval engineer, and grew up in Aalborg , Denmark, where he became interested in ships and a possible naval career. As a result of his family's interest in art, from 1937 he attended the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts where he studied under Kay Fisker and Steen Eiler Rasmussen . He took a particular interest in the works of American architect Frank Lloyd Wright . Architectural approach Utzon had a Nordic sense of concern for nature which, in his design, emphasized the synthesis of form, material and function for social values. His fascination with the architectural legacies of the ancient Mayas, the Islamic world, China and Japan enhanced his vision. This developed into what Utzon later referred to as Additive Architecture , comparing his approach to the growth patterns of nature. A design can grow like a tree, he explained : "If it grows naturally, the architecture will look after itself."

3. Architect's own house , Denmark, 1950–52 Middelboe house, Denmark, 1953–55 Kingo Houses , Denmark 1956–60 Elineberg Housing , Sweden, 1954–66. Planetstaden housing project, Sweden, 1956–58. Sydney Opera House , Sydney, Australia, 1956–73 Fredensborg Houses , courtyard housing, Denmark, 1959–63. Melli Bank , University of Tehran Branch, Tehran, Hammershøj Care Centre, Denmark, 1962–66. Bagsværd Church , Bagsværd , Denmark, 1968–76 Espansiva building system, Denmark, 1969 Can Lis , Architect's own house, Spain, 1971–73 Paustian Furniture Store , Copenhagen, Denmark, 1985–87 Can Feliz , Majorca , Spain, 1991–94 Skagen Odde Nature Centre , Denmark, 1989 Utzon Center , Aalborg, 2008 The National Assembly Building in Kuwait (1982) WORKS Sydney Opera House National Assembly Building, Kuwait Utzon Center

4. EVOLUTION OF FORM Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. SYDNEY OPERA HOUSE The principle that is fundamental to the architecture of Jørn Utzon : He draws inspiration from nature for organic form and creates an architecture that is predominantly experiential in character. Within the broad framework of drawing inspiration from nature and seeking an architecture that is experiential in character, a set of design principles specific to the Sydney Opera House can be identified. THE BUILDING AS SYMBOL THE BUILDING AS SCULPTURE FORM AND FUNCTION ORIENTATION AND MOVEMENT ADDITIVE ARCHITECTURE ELEMENTS - PRE-FABRICATION GEOMETRY STRUCTURAL EXPRESSION MATERIALS COLOUR LIGHT ACOUSTICS SYDNEY OPERA HOUSE The following principles are described in quotations by Utzon :

5. SYDNEY OPERA HOUSE The character which is most prominent about the Opera House is it’s being free in the centre of the Sydney Harbour, free from all sides, visible from all sides. The position on a peninsula, which is overlooked from all angles makes it important to maintain an all-round elevation...the building must form a freestanding sculpture in contrast to the square buildings surrounding it.

6. About the Building There are nearly 1000 rooms in the Opera House including the five main auditoria. There is also a Reception Hall, five rehearsal studios, four restaurants, six theatre bars, extensive foyer and lounge areas, sixty dressing rooms and suites, library, an artists' lounge and canteen known as the "Green Room", administrative offices and extensive plant and machinery areas. SYDNEY OPERA HOUSE "I like to think the Sydney Opera House is like a musical instrument, and like any fine instrument, it needs a little maintenance and fine tuning, from time to time, if it is to keep on performing at the highest level.“ - JORN UTZON In 2003, the same year that Sydney Opera House celebrated its 30th birthday, Jørn Utzon was awarded the Pritzker Prize for Architecture, the highest award in its field. The Opera Theatre, seating 1,547, is mainly used for performances of opera, ballet and dance. The auditorium, like the Concert Hall, is paneled in wood for acoustic reasons, but the ceiling and walls are painted black to allow the audience to focus its attention upon the stage.

7. Utzon said of the D esign Principles, " My job is to articulate the overa ll vision and detailed design principles for the sit e, and for the form of the building and its inte rior ".