Kaushik gotra ..

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1. is ancient Indian'Gotra'
applied to an indo-aryan clan. Origin of Kaushik
can be referenced to an ancient Hindu text.
There was a Rishi (saint) by the name
of "Vishvamitra" literally meaning 'friend of the
universe','vishwa' as in universe and mitra as in
'friend', he was also called as Rishi
"Kaushik".[1] Vishvamitra is famous in many
legendary stories and in different works of Hindu
mythology. It most notably refers to
Chhatrapati Shivaji.
Chhatrapati Shivaji Raje Bhosle (statue
at Raigad)
Contents
[show]
Kaushik / Vishwamitra Gotra's
There are two gotras, or lineages, bearing the
name of Visvamitra.
Kousikh Gotra People belonging
to Kaushika (Kaushik/Kousikh/Kousikasa/Kousik
ha/Kausika/Ghrit kaushika) Gotra take Rajarishi
Kaushika as their root. Kaushika was son of
Vishvamitra.11 96 of the royal clans of Marathas
belong to Kaushik gotra including the illustrious
house of Shivaji and Rashtrakutas. 2 more clans
belong to the Vishvamitra gotra. Kaushika gotra

2. also belongs to Baish clan of rajput which
includes in the suryavanshi rajput, one of the
oldest and biggest Kshatriya/Chattari clan of
Vedic India.
Kousikh/Kaushik is a gotra of influential
Cchatri´s as well as Brahmins (he who does
priestly labour) of Punjab and Haryana also
some Anavil Brahmins (Desai) from Gujarat.
Brahmins consider themselves the descendants
of the seven main sages, Angiras, Bhrugu,
Vishvamitra, Kashyap, Vasishtha, Atri and
Agasti. Of these sages Vishvamitra was part
Kshatriya (descendant of thhouse of Puru) , so
Kaushik gotra is also of Kshatriyas.
Its origin lies in the Rig-Veda;
ancient Sanskrit language. Kaushik was the son
of Kushika an Indian Kshatriya legend.
Visvamitra Gotra People belonging to the
Visvamitra Gotra consider Brahmarishi
Visvamitra as their ancestor. There is an off-
shoot of "Vishvamitra Gotra" called "Chakita
Vishvamitra Gotra". Two explanations have
been suggested for this off-shoot. The group is
supposed to have sprung from a "surprised"
reaction of Vishvamitra. The other, more likely,
explanation, is that a group of descendants
decided to split from the main group and started
their own branch of this line.

3. Vishvamitra descendants still use Kaushik as
their first or last name. This is how majority of
the Hindu names were followed. This system of
following Rishis' name as the last name was the
foundation of "Gautra" in Hindu philosophy.
Gautra is used to trace back ancestry especially
at the time of marriages till today. Kaushik as the
last name is mostly seen in Uttar Pradesh and
Haryana (Northern India). for e.g. ARUN
KAUSHIK. Kaushik is also commonly used as a
first name (mostly used by people in West
Bengal,Tamil Nadu, Gujarat and Karnataka in
India and Bangladesh). for e.g. KAUSHIK
RAMASWAMY.
Chhatrapati Sri Shivaji Raje Bhosale
Shivaji's royal successors also held the title
of Chhatrapati. Chhatrapati is an honorific or an
imperial title for an Indian ruler. Shivaji was a
king in ancient India, also called Kaushika ("the
descendant of Kusha"). He was a valiant warrior
and the great-grandson of a great king
named Kusha. "There was a king named Kusha
(not to be confused with Kusha, son of Rama), a
brainchild of Prajapati, and Kusha's son was the
powerful and verily righteous Kushanaabha.
One who is highly renowned by the name
Gaadhi was the son of Kushanaabha, and
Gaadhi's son is this great-saint of great

4. resplendence, Vishvamitra. Vishvamitra ruled
the earth, and this great-resplendent king ruled
the kingdom for many thousands of years.It is
the Indian counterpart
of Shah, Padishah or Pasha (which is a
shortening of Pati Kshatra) and also written
as Kshetra-Pati, the lord, ruler of a domain and
therefore can be compared with the European
king. For the Maratha empire, the importance of
the title Chhatrapati declined over the years, as
first the Peshwas (Prime Ministers) and then
the Karbharis (chatelains of the Peshwas) came
to exceed them in effective power.[1] The
European duke (Her+tog=leader of an army) is
comparable with the Indian Senapati. According
to the Rigveda he was son of a king named
Kusika, a descendant of Kusa, but later
authorities make him the son of Gathin
or Gaadhi, king of Kanyakubja, and a
descendant of Puru; so Vishvamitra is declared
in the Harivansa to be "at once a Paurava and a
Kausika" by lineage. According to some, Gadhi
was of the Kusika race, descended from Kusika.
Vishvamitra is called Gadhija and
Gadhinandana, 'son of Gaadhi.
Temples of Bhavani
Goddess Bhavani giving the sword to Shivaji

5. The Tulja Bhavani and anthiur temple
in Tuljapur in Osmanabad
district of Maharashtra is considered as one of
the 51 Shakti Pithas. This temple was built in c.
12th century CE. A Tulja Bhavani temple was
built between 1537-1540 CE in Chittorgarh.[2] It
is located at coordinates 18.011386, 76.125641.
History: Worship of the primeval energy Shakti
in the form of the mother Goddess is seen in the
four Shakti Peethas of Maharashtra - Bhavani
with her seat
at Tuljapur, Mahalakshmi at Kolhapur,
Mahamaya Renuka
at Mahur and Jagadamba at Saptshringi. Other
Shakti temples in the state are those at Ambe
Jogai and Aundh. (also see Daksha Yagna).
Bhavani was the tutelary deity of Shivaji, the
valiant Maratha ruler and is held in great
reverence throughout the state of Maharashtra.
Bhavani is considered to be an embodiment of
Ugra or ferocity, as well as a Karunaswaroopini -
filled with mercy.
The Bhavani temple in Tuljapur is located on a
hill known as Yamunachala, on the slopes of the
Sahayadri range in Maharashtra near Sholapur.
The temple entrance is at an elevation and
visitors need to transcend a flight of steps to

6. reach the shrine. Historic records speak of the
existence of this temple from as early as the
12th century CE.
Bhavani is worshipped in the form of a 3-foot-
high (0.91 m) granite image, with eight arms
holding weapons, bearing the head of the slain
demon Mahishasura. Bhavani is also known as
Tulaja, Turaja, Tvarita and Amba.
Legend has it that a demon by name Matanga
wreaked havoc upon the devas and the humans
who approached Bhrahma for help and upon his
advice turned to the Mother Goddess Shakti,
who took up the form of the destroyer, and
powered by the other (Sapta) Maataas Varaahi,
Bhrahmi, Vaishnavi, Kaumaari, Indraani and
Saambhavi and vanquished him for peace to
reign again.
Legend also has it that Bhavani vanquished
another demon who had taken the form of a wild
buffalo (Mahishasura), and took abode on the
Yamunachala hill, which is now home to the
temple.
Four worship services are offered each day
here. The festivals of significance here are Gudi
Padva in the month of Chaitra, Shriral Sashti,
Lalita Panchami, Makara Sankranti and

7. Rathasaptami. The deity is taken out in
procession on Tuesdays. Navaratri is also
celebrated with great fanfare, and it culminates
in Vijaya Dasami.
Etymology
The term has various other possible derivations:
1. From Sanskrit (kshatra,
also kshetra [empire/land]+pati [lord/husban
d]) meaning an emperor
2. From Hindi (chatra,
also chhatri [umbrella]+pati [lord]) meaning
a person worthy of a ceremonial umbrella.
3. From Marathi (chatra [roof or umbrella] +
Marathi pati [husband]) meaning a king or
ruler — Chhatrapatiindicates a person who
gives shade to his followers and protects
their success.
4. Another possible derivation of Chhatrapati is
"Kshatriya"+"Pati" i.e. Leader or Lord of the
Kshatriyas or Warriors.
Gayatri Mantra
Brahmarshi Vishvamitra (Sanskrit
ववववववववववव viśvā-mitra "all-friend") is
one of the most venerated rishi's or sages of
ancient times in India. He is also credited as the
author of most of Mandala 3 of the Rigveda,

8. including the revered great Gayatri Mantra. It is
a mantra cum prayer and is found in all the three
Vedas; Rig, Yajur and Sama Veda. Veda's
clearly state that anyone can chant this Mantra,
and gain its benefits. The Puranas mention that
only 24 Rishis since antiquity have understood
the whole meaning of, and thus wielded the
whole power of, the Gayatri Mantra. Sage
Vishvamitra is supposed to be the first, and
Sage Yajnavalkya the last.
Om Bhur
Bhuvah
Suvaha
We meditate
upon the

Tat Savitur
Varenyam
glorious splendor
of

Bhargo
Devasya
Dheemahi
the Vivifier Divine.
Dhiyo Yo Nah
Prachodayat
May He Himself
illumine our minds!
Gayatri Mantra is so called because it liberates
one who chants it.
In the Ramayana
Vishvamitra looks as Rama breaks the bow,
winning the hand of Sita in marriage. Painting by
Raja Ravi Varma
In the Indian epic Ramayana, Vishvamitra is
the preceptor of Rama, prince of Ayodhya and
the seventh Avatar of Vishnu, and his
brother Lakshmana. Shri Ram, he who is
protected by DharmaveerHanuman an Avatara
of Siva.

9. Vishwamitra gives them the knowledge of
the Devastras or celestial weaponry [ bala and
adi bala ], trains them in advanced religion and
guides them to kill powerful demons
like Tataka, Maricha and Subahu. He also leads
them to the svayamvara ceremony for
princess Sita, who becomes the wife of Rama.
Origins
Indra is a god of the Mitanni. If Indra, as a deity,
is cognate to other Indo-European gods,
either thunder gods such as Thor, Perun,
and Zeus, or gods of intoxicating drinks such
as Dionysos, his name has either not been
preserved in any other branch, or else it is itself
an Indian (or perhaps Indo-Iranian) innovation.
In historical Vedic religion, Indra has prominence
as the continuation of chief god of the Indo-
European pantheon Dyēus. Dyēus himself
appears in the Vedas as Dyaus Pita, a relatively
minor deity who, interestingly, is the father of
Indra. This may derive from the same
longstanding father-usurpation pattern found in
Greek mythology, in which even Zeus' offspring
by Metis was predicted to overthrow him, had
the resulting child (Athena) been male. A similar
pattern may come into play regarding the
relatively low status of Tyr compared
to Odin or Thor in Norse paganism (though Tyr

10. has since been posited as Odin's son, instead of
his father). Even in ancient Slavic religion,
Perun, the Sky God, is the main deity, while his
father Svarog, with his heaven named Svarga
(same as Indra's Heaven) was in most areas a
less prominent deity.
It was once supposed that Vedic Indra
corresponds to Verethragna of the
Zoroastrian Avesta. This idea was based
primarily on the fact that the noun verethragna-
corresponds to Vedic vrtrahan-, which is
predominantly an epithet of Indra. The
supposition that Indra corresponds to
Verethragna is now controversial. While
both vritra- and verethra- derive from the same
root "to cover", the word verethra- is today
understood to mean "obstacle".
Thus, verethragna- is now understood to reflect
"smiter of resistance".
Vritra does not appear in either the Avesta or in
9th-12th century books of Zoroastrian tradition.
Since the name 'Indra' appears in Zoroastrian
texts as that of an arch-demon
opposing Truth (Vd. 10.9; Dk. 9.3; Gbd. 27.6,
34.27), it may be supposed
that Verethragna was a way of reintroducing him
in a favourable light.
In the Rig Veda

11. The Rig-Veda states,
He under whose supreme control are horses, all
chariots, the villages, and cattle;
He who gave being to the Sun and Morning,
who leads the waters, He, O men, is
Indra. (2.12.7, trans. Griffith)
It further states,
“Indra, you lifted up the outcast who was
oppressed, you glorified the blind and the lame.”
(Rg-Veda 2:13:12)[3]
Indra is, with Varuna and Mitra, one of
the Ādityas, the chief personification of God in
the Rigveda (besides Agni and the Ashvins). He
delights in drinking Soma, and the central Vedic
myth is his heroic defeat of Vṛtrá, liberating
the rivers, or alternatively, his smashing of
the Vala, a stone enclosure where the Panis had
imprisoned the cows, and Ushas (dawn). He is
the god of war, smashing the stone fortresses of
the Dasyu, and invoked by combatants on both
sides in the Battle of the Ten Kings.
Indra as depicted in Yakshagana, popular folk
art of Karnataka
The Rig-Veda frequently refers to him as Śakra:
the mighty-one. In the Vedic period, the number
of gods was assumed to be thirty-three and
Indra was their lord. (The slightly later Brihad-

12. aranyaka Upanishad enumerates the gods as
the eight Vasus, the eleven Rudras, the twelve
Adityas, Indra, and Prajapati). As lord of the
Vasus, Indra was also referred to as Vāsava.
By the age of the Vedanta, Indra became the
prototype for all lords and thus a king could be
called Mānavendra (Indra or lord of men)
and Rama, the hero of the Ramayana, was
referred to as Rāghavendra (Indra of the clan of
Raghu). Hence the original Indra was also
referred to as Devendra (Indra of the Devas).
However, Sakra and Vasava were used
exclusively for the original Indra. Though
modern texts usually adhere to the name Indra,
the traditional Hindu texts (the Vedas, epics and
Puranas) use Indra, Sakra and Vasava
interchangeably and with the same frequency.
"Of the Vedas I am the Sama Veda; of the
demigods I am Indra, the king of heaven; of the
senses I am the mind; and in living beings I am
the living force [consciousness]." (Bhagavad
Gita 10.22) [2]
Status and function
Indra is an important god in many post-Vedic
and Hindu mythological tales. He leads
the Devas (the gods who form and
maintain Heaven) and the elements, such
as Agni (Fire), Varuna (Water) and Surya (Sun),

13. and constantly wages war against the
demonic Asuras of the netherworlds, or Patala,
who oppose morality and dharma. He thus fights
in the timeless battle between good and evil. As
the god of war, he is also regarded as one of
the Guardians of the directions, representing the
east.
In post-Vedic texts, He is however, ascribed with
more human characteristics and vices than any
other Vedic deity. Perhaps consequently, he
also has the most hymns dedicated to him: 250
(Masson-Oursel and Morin, 326).
Modern Hindus, however tend to see Indra as
minor deity in comparison to others in the Hindu
pantheon, such as Shiva, Vishnu, or Devi. A
Puranic story illustrating the subjugation of
Indra's pride is illustrated in the story
ofGovardhan hill where Krishna, Avatar or
incarnation of Vishnu carried the hill and
protected his devotees when Indra, angered by
non-worship of him, launched rains over the
village.
Characteristics
Appearance
Detail of the Phra Prang, the central tower of
the Wat Arun ("Temple of Dawn")

14. in Bangkok, Thailand - showing Indra on his
three-headed elephant Erawan (Airavata).
In Rig Veda, Indra the solar god is sometimes
described as golden-bodied ("Gora" that means
golden-yellowish) with golden jaw, nails, hair,
beard.
One A
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