KAYAKING-AND-CANOIENG PHYSICAL EDUC.pptx

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1. Canoeing and kayaking A great way to explore the rivers, lakes, canals, and other bodies of water is through the use of a boat. Canoeing and Kayaking are two float crafts that may take anyone to places in the water that are even difficult to access by any other means.

2. What is the difference between kayaks and canoes? Canoes and Kayaks may be confusing to some but it is really easy to distinguish one from the other. Canoeing and Kayaking both require a paddle for propulsion and steering

3. KAYAK Has a covered deck Kayakers extend legs and are seated low or sometimes on the deck It uses a double-bladed paddle Canoe is a wide open A canoer, on one hand, sits or kneels on the bottom of the boat and uses a single-bladed paddle. CANOE

4. Historically, there are some similarities and differences in terms of the kayak and canoes function and in how they are built. In the early days, both boats were constructed and used for the day-to-day economic needs, the canoe for transporting goods and people and the kayak for hunting marine life.

5. The word “canoe” originated from the Carib word “ kenu ” which mean dugout. Canoes were originally made from large tree trunks. The trunks were dried for months, and then the middle part was burned. The whole process took “one moon” or 28 days. The oldest known canoe, Pesse Canoe, believed to be constructed between 8200 and 7600 B.C was found in the Netherlands.

6. Kayaks or “ qajak”meaning “man’s boat” or “hunters’ boat” originated from the Inuit and Aleut tribes or Arctic North America. Building kayak was also joint effort of the man and his wife. The oldest existing kayaks are exhibited in North America Department of the State Museum of Ethnology in Munich.

7. Basic Parts of a Canoe YOKE - A beam in the center of a canoe that allows the canoe to rest on a person’s shoulder when portaging. STERN - Rear end. THWART - Crossbars reinforcing the canoe and prevents side from pulling apart under load.

8. SEAT - For paddler at the bow part (if in tandem) GUNWALE - Act as structural support and it defines shape of boat. BOW - Front part.

9. DECK -top half of the kayak . Basic Parts of a Kayak: FOOTBRACE - found inside where feet rest. HULL -bottom half of the kayak HATCH -covering on the deck where food and gears can be stored COCKPIT - opening in the kayaks’ deck where the paddler sits. It can be covered with a spray kit or waterproof kill that is placed around the waist then slip over the cockpit’s rim or coaming

10. CHARACTERISTICS DESCRIPTIONS Length The distance from the tip of the stern to the tip of the bow. Longer boats are faster and move on a straight lines They also can carry more people. However these are not easy to maneuver. Shorter boats are easier to maneuver and comparatively lighter and easier to handle. Longer boats are best when touring and cruising the open water. A shorter kayak would be a better choice for smaller lakes and rivers. Beam The width of the boat and is measured at the widest part of the canoe or kayak. Generally, the wider the boat, the more stable it is. However, a narrower kayak or canoe nay be faster but less stable. A narrower kayak or canoe is more suitable for those who wants to travel a greater distance since it has speed.

11. Bottom Shape   The shape of the bottom has a lot to do with the stability of the boat. There are three basic bottom shapes: flat, round, and vee.   1. Flat- this design has good stability in calm, waters. However, the characteristics of this boat provide the easy turning (boast spin) in rougher water such as white waters. 2. Round- this is designed for speed and efficiency. 3. Vee- this boat is in between the flat and round bottom design boats, thus with practice it comes with a good all-around performance.

12. Profile or sides of a boat 1. Tumblehome design- the sides of the boat curve inward as they come up, which makes the beam narrower on the deck.   2. Flared sides- the sides curve outward (flares out) making the beam wider. Thus, as it goes deeper in the water, the beam becomes wider therefore giving a more stable feeling.   3. Straight sides- is a little bit of the two.

13. How should one choose a paddle? Wider and Taller kayaks need longer paddles If a person has a small build, then a shorter, lighter paddle is best so as not overexert oneself. A general rule, the shortest paddle that allows you to properly reach the water is the best. Another way of measuring canoe paddle is while in standing position. Wider blades gives you more acceleration but must also deal with more resistance.. Narrower blades uses less effort per stroke but require more strokes. Curved blades increase power of each stroke.

14. How does one start the canoeing and kayaking adventure? For first timers, getting on a canoe or a kayak on the water can be quite challenging. The boat may rock and cause some tilting when entering the boat. Therefore, balance is important when entering the boat.

15. Getting in a Kayak: a. Entering from the dock Make sure that paddle is within reach. Keep in mind that weight should be at the centerline, otherwise the kayak will tip. First hold the back of the cockpit coaming and feet should be planted near the centerline.

16. b. Getting from the shore Put the paddle right behind the cockpit coaming and the other end against a rock

17. Getting in a Canoe: a. Entering from the shore (Tandem Canoe) Put a paddle in the end of the boat. Slide part of the boat in the water, and then hold the boat so it will not float away.

18. b. Entering from the dock When entering from the dock, the same is basically done. However, it will be best to keep the boat parallel or horizontal to the dock. Get in the boat one at a time, taking turns in holding the boat steadily.

19. Second, Learn the Correct Posture IN CANOEING - The first thing to do is to relax, this way the muscles will not be too tight. While seated, lean just slightly forward ( around 5-8 degrees only ) from the pelvis. I N KAYAKING - Good posture is key if one wants to use the body efficiently. Do not lean on the backrest but just sit straight and relax rhe shoulder, opening the chest for ease in breathing.

20. T hird , Learn the Proper Way of Holding the Paddle IN CANOEING -holding the paddle incorrectly causes loss of power during forward stroke and puts the paddler’s body in an awkward position. Canoe paddle has only one blade. IN KAYAKING -the recommended grip is usually the distance between the two elbows. Hold the paddle above and center over the head. Adjust your hand so that your elbows are at right angle.

21. Fourth, Let us learn the Basics of Making the Boat move forward IN CANOEING - Paddling forward is the most basic and important stroke as this will bring you to places. 1.Catch -This is the start of the stroke where the blade enters the water. It is important to know that the shoulder is used, not the elbow, as the axis of movement.

22. 2. Power Phase - A strong stroke is what will actually move the boat forward. In this phase, the bottom hand should be pulling while the top arm is pressing down slightly forward.

23. 3. Exit and Recovery - The stroke is finished when body rotation is complete. At exit, the blade moves out of the water to the side IN KAYAKING -In kayaking, the torso and legs will do most of the work. The shoulder and arms will be used to transfer power. Just like in canoeing, one paddles by rotating the torso while keeping the arms straight.

24. What are the health-related benefits of paddling? Canoeing and Kayaking are activities that can range from low to high intensity levels of acitivity . Paddling will work out the heart and thus will improve one’s aerobic fitness, strength, and flexibility.

25. What are the important things that we should always remember to be safe in kayaking or canoeing? K now first your skills in swimming and canoeing or kayaking A void paddling alone, paddling far from coastline, or paddling in routes of ship.

26. Y ield to safety and know where to go in case of emergency. A lways wear personal floatation device and other safety equipment K eep hydrated as you will be under the sun

27. C heck weather conditions. A lways plan ahead. This includes studying the river maps ahead of time. N ever forget to put your things in waterproof bags. O rientations given by facilitators or leaders are important. They tell you the rules and regulations and safety procedures. Listen and follow them well. E quipment should be tried and always checked. Try on new or unfamiliar things and ask questions on the proper way of using them.

28. SCUBA DIVING Scuba is an acronym for self-contained underwater breathing Apparatus or SCUBA . Scuba diving is a diving method where a diver uses a regulator as the breathing apparatus and a tank with compressed air which enables the diver to breathe normally underwater.

29. 1300s - A simple cauldron in the shape of a bell was used where the idea was to trap the air inside the container where the diver swims out until he or she runs out of breath then turns to the bell to replenish air. 1690 - Edmund Halley developed an improved diving bell. The diving bell with trapped air was brought down with two people inside. 1715 - Englishman John Lethbridge built the “diving engine” which was an underwater oak cylinder supplied with compressed air from the surface.

30. 1823 - Charles Anthony Deane invented the “ smoke helmet” originally for firefighters. The helmet fits over a man’s head with an attached hose for supply of air which comes form the surface. 1825 - William James invented the first workable, full-time SCUBA. It had a cylindrical belt around the diver’s trunk that served as an air reservoir at 450 psi. 1837 -German-born inventor Augustus Siebe innovated a closed diving suit to complete the diving helmet of Deane. The suit was connected to an air pump on the surface and became the first standard diving dress.

31. 1866 - Frenchmen Benoit Rouquayrol and Auguste Denayrouze patented the “Aerophore”, where the diver carries a steel tank of compressed air and is connected through a valve which goes to the mouthpiece. 1843 -the first diving school was established by Royal Navy. 1876 -Henry A. Fleuss , an English merchant seamn , developed the first self-contained diving gear that used compressed oxygen and not compressed air.

32. 1943 -Jacques Cousteau and Emile Gagnan redesigned a car regulator which provided compressed air to divers in the slightest breath and later on called as the aqualung. Who can scuba dive? Age - A child as young as 8 years old can start learning in shallow waters. A ten-year-old child can be qualified to train and be certified as a Junior Open Water Diver, while a fifteen-year-old or older can apply for an open water diver’s certificate (About Sports,2016).

33. Health - is important for a diver to be physically fit to be able to cope with strenuous physical task which may happen at an unexpected times such as maneuvering through strong current to reach a dive site. Disabilities -Disabilities do not hinder anyone from scuba diving. Many of the instructors can provide training which is design for physically challenged divers. Swimming Skill -For enrolling in a one-day experience course, the basic requirement is being comfortable in the water event to the deep end of the swimming pool.

34. What are the skills needed in scuba diving? Pre-Dive -diving is really a new adventure as one seem to enter an entirely new world, with spaces that can only be find n water. Pre-Dive Safety Check - A pre-dive safety check must be done before going to the water. This is performed once a diver is wearing his/her gear and is done with a dive body.

35. The Five Steps of the Pre-Dive Safety Check ( Gibb,n.d .) are as follows: Check the buoyancy compensator making sure that the inflator and deflator bottoms work and that the pull strings are unencumbered. Check the Weights Check the Releases Check the Air Regulator Final Okay