kharif crop sorghum Crop with agronomic practice

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1. P

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Sorghum Fodder

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2. Natures Super Grain 7,

5 ORG H M |

3. Related Contents

e Discription
* Sowing Time
… + Yield
* Nutritive Profile
° Anti-Nutritional Factors
+ Cultivation Time
* Preservation

4. a Description
Botanical Name: Sorghum bicolor ¿

E * Local names are Yawar” , “Milo”
* Grow in harsh environament
o. Self-pollinating plant
* Height of plant 60-460 cm
* Sorghum seed is small and roun& . Jt
« The long, wide leaves grow off the stalk

ee —— —

5. E

Descriptio

5th most imp crop grown in the world
Plant use for Grain, Fiber and Fodder
Consider best summer crop

Use as Staple Food

6. a, ee
History
* Native to the tropical areas in Africa
* The oldest cultivation record dates back
to 3000 B.C. in Egypt
* The original variety of sorghum was
purple or red and the seed coat was red
* In the 1950s hybrid sorghums were
developed for higher yields

7. A |

Sorghum cultivating areas in Asia:

Country dea Yield(kg/ha)
D China 78 6396
India 9200 706
Pakistan 400 575

EL 3

8. fía

] Sowing Time
In Punjab:
* For fodder in March-August
* For grain June-July
> Sindh:
¢ In June for both fodder and grain
KPK:
* During June and July
Baluchistan:

- . md and August =

9. CO
Climate and Soil

* Sorghum is tropical plant
e More drought and temperature resistant

* Can grow on all types of soils except
saline and waterlogged

* Heavy, loamy soils are most suitable
* Prefers hot, dry climate

« Does not grow well in areas with high
er rainfall =

10. Seedbed Preparation =

II

‘ * Requires good seedbed

* Which can be prepared with 1 ploughing
with mouldboard plough

wi

« Followed by 2 ploughings

12. Manuring

Fertilizer Quantity
(per Ha)
DAP 2.5 bags
Urea 1.25 bags

* 1.25 bag of Urea at first Irrigation

iS

13. RE |||

Es

E Varieties
JS 2002
* Certified variety of Sargodha

_* Long and sweet plants which remain green
for long time

* Production is 700 mounds/acre
Chakwal 2008

» Best for Arid zone

* Sweet stemmed and remains green for

| = time 3

14. » Hegari
* Tall, sweet stemmed and high yielding
* Production is 550 mounds/acre
me Good seed production also
JS-263
_ - Suitable for fodder and grain
e Production is 500 mounds/acre
+ Attack of Red Leaf Spot disease

15. fía
E Method of Sowing

* Mostly sown by broadcasting
* Recommended method is line sowing
(pora method)
—_- Line to line distance should be 30 cm for
fodder crop
e 45-60 cm distance between lines in case
of seed production

ss E

16. = Seed Rate

« 32-35 kg/acre for fodder crop
* 6-8 kg/acre for grain purpose

e 3

17. Irrigation
b.

¢ 3-4 irrigations for March, June crops

' + 1-2 irrigations for monsoon crops
depending upon rainfall =

18. Nutritive Profile

For 100g Portion
[Nutrients [Values [Nutrients [Values | 1

Iron 4.4mg

=
3

19. fía

EE

E Anti-Nutritional Factors

1.Tannin
Polyphenolic Compound present in grain
Yellowish in color
Bitter in Taste

Effects:
Reduction in Voluntary Feed intake due to
reduce Palatability

Produce toxicity on metabolism

20. Tannins

Reduce Proteolytic Enzyme Activity and
stop Protein Digestion

Positive effect is Suppress Bloat in Cattle
Catechol Tannins is famous

Increased level of Plasma Growth
Hormone intake of CT in Sheep

21. 2.Dhurrin

A Cyanogenic Glucoside compound
Located in Aerial Shoot & Sprouted Seeds
° Effects

On Enzyme action yield Hydrogen Cyanide

Excess Cyanide ¡on can quickly Produce
Anoxia

22. E ANF
=
of CNS through inactivating the 1

Cytochrome Oxidase System and cause
E death in few sec

E Making Hay/Silage reduce Poison.

23. RE |||

da

E Pests and Diseases

* Shootfly and Borer cause serious damage

… * Apply 3% Furadan granules/Carbofuran
- 10-12 kg/acre

« Red leaf spot is most serious disease

« Seeds should be treated with Vitavax or
Benlate 2g/kg of seed

* Light irrigation during disease attack

RER E

25. x

I y
y In p
AUS

A j | N ie ‘A ;
A Le 1 \
oi IS EN N RR

a AB AN RSS

26. TU

27. o Time of Harvesting -

Best time for
harvesting of
fodder crop is at

. 50% heading stage

3 For seed Atthis stage
| purpose crop is fodder tastes
ready in good and is

November free oftoxins

28. Be a h
Preservation
« Silage
Use Anaerobic Conditions
Make Forages
May use Bunker, Pit and Bale Silo for
Silage making
Use Molasses because Sorghum have
zero gram Sugar

29. E Silage
À
* Yoghurt can be used for Production of 1
Lactic Acid

E * 2-3 Year may Preserve
« If Baled Silo Performed avoid from Birds

32. ee = TER

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PRODUCTION

33. In case of any confusion

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