KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES TOWARDS ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AMONG NURSING STUDENTS AT KITAGATA HOAPITAL IN SHEEEMA DISTRICT SOUTH WESTERN UGANDA

KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES TOWARDS ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AMONG NURSING STUDENTS AT KITAGATA HOAPITAL IN SHEEEMA DISTRICT SOUTH WESTERN UGANDA

1. KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES ON ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AMONG NURSING STUDENTS AT KITAGATA HOSPITAL IN SHEEEMA DISTRICT SOUTH WESTERN UGANDA SSENKOSI ANDREW 19/BSU/BNS/074

2. BACKGROUND According to WHO, antimicrobial resistance is the ability of a microorganism to resist the effects of an antimicrobial, such as an antibiotic, antiviral, or antifungal drug. This resistance can be acquired through genetic mutation or the transfer of genetic material between microorganisms. Antimicrobial resistance is a growing global health concern, as it can lead to the spread of drug-resistant infections (Hope et al., 2019 ). . Sample Footer Text 2

3. Background cont’d Conducting a study on antimicrobial resistance is important because it will help to identify new ways to prevent and treat infections caused by drug-resistant micro-organisms. This research can lead to the development of new drugs, vaccines, and other treatments that can help to reduce the spread of drug-resistant micro-organisms and improve public health. Sample Footer Text 3

4. Background cont’d Existing research on antimicrobial resistance focuses on understanding the mechanisms of resistance, the epidemiology of resistance, and the development of new therapeutics and strategies to mitigate the spread of resistance. Gaps in the literature include a lack of research on the economic and social impacts of antimicrobial resistance, the development of new diagnostic tools to detect resistance, and the knowledge and practices of health workers in hospitals and nurses in particular Sample Footer Text 4

5. Problem statement There is a continuous resistance of antimicrobial drugs in developing countries(78%) (Ayukekbong et al., 2017) . Antimicrobial resistance is a serious and growing global health threat, and it is making infections more difficult to treat and more expensive to manage.(Dessie et al., 2016). As drug-resistant bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi become more prevalent, healthcare professionals are losing the ability to treat and prevent disease, make medical procedures much riskier, and contribute to the death of millions.(Kassebaum et al., 2014) Sample Footer Text 5

6. Problem statement Antimicrobial resistance has escalated in the society majorly from the lack of knowledge and poor practices by the nurses in hospitals. Preventing and controlling Antimicrobial resistance as they are often first health care providers to interact with patients(Almuzaini et al., 2013). However there is limited evidence on the knowledge and practices of nursing students on antimicrobial resistance. The purpose of this study is to assess the knowledge and practices on antimicrobial resistance among nursing students practicing at kitagata hospital in Sheema city. Sample Footer Text 6

7. Research Objectives GENERAL OBJECTIVE To determine the knowledge and practices on antimicrobial resistance among nursing students at Kitagata Hospital in Sheema district. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES To assess the level of knowledge on antimicrobial resistance among nursing students at Kitagata Hospital To determine the practices regarding to antimicrobial resistance among nursing students at Kitagata hospital  

8. Research questions Sample Footer Text 8 What is the level of knowledge of nursing students on antimicrobial resistance? Assessing knowledge will ensure that they are adequately prepared to effectively prevent, detect, and manage the spread of drug-resistant bacteria and other infectious diseases in various health care settings. What are the practices of nursing students towards antimicrobial resistance? This will provide an understanding of how students are applying the evidence-based recommendation for the antimicrobial stewardship and identify any educational or practice gaps that need to be addressed to reduce the risk of developing antimicrobial resistance.

9. methodology 9 Study design: Descriptive qualitative study design Study site: Kitagata hospital in Sheema district Study population: Nursing students practicing at the hospital. Sample size: 133 participants. Data collection tool: Self-administered questionnaire

10. Methodology cont’d 10 Sampling procedure: Purposive sampling Data analysis: SPSS VERSION 20 Ethical considerations: BSU departmental approval, MS clearance and participant consent. Limitations of the study: . A budget will be drawn up to limit the constraint by strictly following it by utilizing the available means

11. DATA ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION Sample Footer Text 11 Data from the questionnaires was entered in to Microsoft excel 2016, sorted, cleaned and organized Then the data was imported to IBM SPSS V20 for analysis at both univariant and bivariate level and statistical significancy was presented by chi square p value <0.05 Then data was presented in forms of tables, pie charts and bar graphs

12. RESULTS 12 Results from this study showed that more than half (56.8%) were females. The study population majorly consisted of protestants (48.5%). The majority of respondents were aged between 18-23 (82.6%) and more than half (61.4%) were undertaking certificate in nursing, majority of them were in second year (59.1%). For most findings, tables have been used in the presentation of the gathered information. A total of 132 respondents were interviewed during the period of data collection yielding 99% response rate.

13. results Sample Footer Text 13 Results from this study revealed that : The findings showed that majority ( 73.5%) of the participants had poor knowledge ( n=97) and few ( 26.5%) had good knowledge ( n=35) Course of study and year study were statistically significant in this study with p-values of 0.027 and 0.013 respectively. Bachelor nurses had more knowledge (49%) compared to certificate and diploma nurses. Gender and age were statistically significant with p-values of 0.017 and 0.046 respectively. Certificate nurses score highly (57.6%) compared to bachelor (21.2%) and diploma nurses (15.2%)

14. 14 Variable Knowledge of participants X 2 df P value   Poor knowledge Good knowledge Course of study BNS Certificate in Nursing Diploma in Nursing   21 (21.6%) 61 (62.9%) 15 (15.5%)   10 (28.6%) 20 (57.1%) 5 (14.3%)   10.7981 4 0.027 Year of study year 1 year 2 year 3   26 (26.8%) 60 (61.9%) 11 (11.3%)   12 (34.3%) 18 (51.4%) 5 (14.3%) 9.0327 2 0.013 Practices of study participants towards antimicrobial resistance

15. Practices of study participants towards antimicrobial resistance Sample Footer Text 15 Variable Practices of participants X 2 df P value   Poor score Good score Overall 8/132 124/132 Gender Female Male   5 (3.8%) 3 (2.3)   74 (56%) 50 (37.9) 15.600 4 0.017 Year of study year 1 year 2 year 3   5 (3.8%) 3 (2.3%) 0 (0.0%)   33 (25%) 75 (56.8%) 16 (12.1%) 10.7820 2 0.046

16. Results 16 A pic chart showing overall knowledge of participants A pic chart showing overall practices of participants

17. Conclusion 17 In conclusion, the findings of this study have shed light on a significant knowledge deficit among nursing students concerning antimicrobial resistance (AMR), a pressing global health concern. This knowledge gap not only underscores the need for immediate action but also provides a valuable opportunity for growth and improvement in nursing education and practice This study demonstrated that majority nursing students practicing from Kitagata hospital had poor knowledge about antimicrobial resistance. And their level of knowledge and practices are attributed to formal training obtained from their teaching institutions. More education and training about antimicrobial resistance is needed in the future to increase awareness to nursing students and health professions

18. Recommendations To address this issue and ensure that future nursing professionals are well-informed about AMR, the following recommendations are proposed: Utilize Interactive and Multidisciplinary Approaches: Promote interactive and problem-based learning methods that engage students in discussions, case studies, and group projects related to AMR. Provide Access to Current Resources: Ensure that nursing students have easy access to up-to-date resources, such as textbooks, online courses, scientific articles, and guidelines related to AMR. Engage Nursing Faculty: professional development opportunities for nursing faculty to increase their knowledge of AMR so they can effectively teach this topic to their students. Promote research and innovation: Encourage nursing students to participate in research projects related to AMR, promoting a culture of innovation and evidence-based practice. 18

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