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1. TECHNICAL SEMINAR PRESENTATION ON “HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE WITH INTELLIGENT ON BOARD DIAGNOSIS SYSTEM PRESENTER UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF Kumarswamy BP Noor Fathima 1GG20EC408 Assistant Professor

2. CONTENTS 1.Abstract 2.Introduction 3.Problem and Proposed Solution 4.Objective 5.Need For HEV 6.Proposed Methodology 7.Explanation 8.Advantage & Disadvantages 9.Conclusion 10.Reference

3. 1.ABSTRACT This project focuses on the design and construction of an optimization charging system for Lead acid batteries by means of tracked solar panels. On the one hand, it presents the construction of a solar tracking mechanism aimed at increasing the rover’s power regardless of its mobility. On the other hand, it proposes an on board vehicle diagnosis system for avoiding accidents.

4. 2.INTRODUCTION With rising fuel costs, climate change concerns and a growing demand for electricity, renewable energy resources such as solar power and wind power are becoming an increasingly valuable part of the world’s energy mix.. In remote areas the sun is a cheap source of electricity because instead of hydraulic generators it uses solar cells to produce electricity. Solar tracking enables more energy to be generated because the solar panel is able to maintain a perpendicular profile to the sun’s rays.

5. 3.PROBLEM AND PROPOSED SOLUTION Needs a technician to diagnose faults. Time required for updating system is comparatively high Proposed Solution: The proposed design for the OBD system uses internet interface instead of traditional kit and it does not need a scan tool for diagnosis. This system will directly inform the exact place of fault occurrence in the vehicle to the user without the need of trouble codes. Hence we can diagnose on his own without the help of technicians and service centre

6. 4.OBJECTIVE The main objective of this project is to provide uninterrupted power supply to a load, by selecting the supply from any source out of 4 such as mains, generator, and inverter and solar automatically in the absence of any of the source. On failure of the mains supply the load gets supply from the next available source, say an inverter. If the inverter also fails it switches over to the next available source and so on.

7. 5.NEED FOR HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE Environmental Concerns: Current use of heat-combustion engine is a major source of air pollution and may be a cause of global warming. Practical Concerns: Current conventional cars use a quickly decreasing source of fossil fuel. Although no one knows exactly how long the world’s supply of oil will last, most agree that it isn’t too far in the future that our current supply will be used up .

8. 6.PROPOSED METHODOLOGY

9. 7.EXPLANATION This project consists of a solar panel whose position is controlled by a DC motor. The motor is made to rotate in such a way that it always positions to an area where maximum sunlight falls . This is done by making use of a Light Dependent Resistor. LDRs are placed in the solar panel to detect the sunlight. The detected values from the LDRs are compared and the region having the maximum sunlight is identified. Then turns the motor to that position where maximum sunlight falls

10. The solar panel is always position into the maximum sun light automatically. It was resolved that real time tracking would be necessary to follow the sun effectively. So that no external data would be required in operation. The unique feature of this system is that instead of taking the earth as its reference, it takes the sun as a guiding source. Its active sensors constantly monitor the sunlight and move the panel towards the direction where the intensity of sunlight is maximum

11. COMPARISON EV’s can use regenerative stopping (regain 30% of energy used, theoretically). As mentioned already, HEV’s are more environmentally friendly and the oil supplies for conventional vehicles are being depleted

12. 8.ADVANTAGES Hev ’ s have lighter engines, consumes less fuel than conventional engines and can run on alternative fuels Due to voltage regulation by buck boost constant supply voltage is obtained Regenerative breaking is also one advantage. Less exhaust and environmental friendly.

13. 9.DISADVANTAGES • It is much efficient only when sunlight is there. • It produces less voltage

14. 10.CONCLUSION Thus I conclude that hybrid vehicle can reduce less emission and greater fuel consumption. And we can get more power from regenerating braking.

15. 11.REFERENCES [1] Joanne Hui , Alireza Bakhshai , and Praveen K. Jain, “ A Hybrid Wind-Solar Energy System: A New Rectifier Stage Topology ,” IEEE Conference, February 2010. [2] Trishan Esram , and Patrick L. Chapman, “ Comparison of Photovoltaic Array Maximum Power Point Tracking Technique, ” IEEE Trans. on energy conversion, vol. 22, no. 2, june 2007. [3] Cody A. Hill, Matthew Clayton Such, Dongmei Chen, Juan Gonzalez, and W.Mack Grady, “ Battery Energy Storage for Enabling Integration of Distributed Solar Power Generation ,” IEEE Transactions on smart grid, vol. 3, no. 2, June 2012

16. [ 4] Hao Qian , Jianhui Zhang and Jih-Sheng Lai, “ a grid-tie battery energy storage system ,” IEEE Conference, June 2010. [5] Sharad W. Mohod , and Mohan V. Aware, “ Micro Wind Power Generator With Battery Energy Storage For Critical Load ,” IEEE systems journal, vol. 6, no. 1, march 2012 [6] S.K. Kim, J.H Jeon , C.H. Cho, J.B. Ahn , and S.H. Kwon, “ Dynamic Modeling and Control of a Grid-Connected Hybrid Generation System with Versatile Power Transfer ,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, pp. 1677-1688, April 2008 .

17. THANK YOU