Labiatae

family 2nd prof

1. LABIATAE/ LAMIACEAE/MINT
FAMILY

2. •The original family name is Labiatae, so
given because the flowers typically have
petals fused into an upper lip and a lower
lip. Although this is still considered an
acceptable alternative name, most
botanists now use the name "Lamiaceae"
in referring to this family.

3. •It is the large including about 236 genera
and 7173 species, almost cosmopolitan,
but absent from the coldest regions of
high altitude or latitude
•characteristically bearing essential oils
•HABIT:
Plants are annual, biennial and
perennials herbs, sub shrubs, shrubs and
trees.
•HABITAT:
It is widely distributed in Mediterranean
region to central Asia.

4. •STEM:
Quadrangular, erect to prostate
sometimes forming stolons or large or
slender rhizomes.
•LEAVES:
opposite, often decussate some times
whorled, rarely alternate, simple , entire
sometimes compound,
estipulate.petiolated

5. •INFLORESCENCE :
raceme or spike of verticillasters or reduced
verticillaster
•FLOWER:
Pentamerous rarely tetramerous,
Hypogynous, Hermaphrodite, Zygomorphic.
•COROLLA:
4-5 petals, gamopetalous distinctly two-
lipped or rarely entire, almost regular.

6. •CALYX:
4-5 sepals, gamosepalous, funnel
shaped, sometime two lipped
•ANDROCEIUM:
4 stamens, didynamous rarely equal,
sometimes only 2, epipetalous.
•GYNAECIUM:
Bicarpillary, syncarpous, ovary
superior, tetra locular due to the formation
or a false septum in each carpel.

7. placentation Axile, gynobasic
•FRUIT:
usually non-fleshy, or fleshy (rarely);
more or less a schizocarp

9. IMPORTANT MEDICINAL
PLANTS OF LABIATAE
FAMILY

10. MENTHA PIPERITA
(Jangali Pudeena)

11. • BOTANICAL ORIGION : Mentha piperita
•Common Name: Brandy mint.
•Part used: Dried leaves and flowering
tops
•Habit: A perennial herb
•Habitat: Indigenous to Europe
Cultivated in USA, Canada
•Constituents:
Mainly contain volatile oil (1%)
The major volatile oil is
menthol (30–55%)
menthone (14–32%).

12. Menthol occurs mostly in the free alcohol
form, with small quantities as the acetate
(3–5%) and valerate esters.
Other monoterpenes present include
isomenthone (2–10%),
1,8-cineole (6–14%),
α-pinene (1.0–1.5%),
β-pinene (1–2%),
limonene (1–5%),
neomenthol (2.5–3.5%) and
menthofuran (1–9%)

13. •It also contains
Resin
Tannins
MENTHOL

14. Medicinal uses
•Mint oil
•Oil is used as
carminative
analgesic
anti-inflammatory
antiseptic
as flavoring agent in
pharmaceuticals, food,
alcoholic soft drinks.
sinusitis.

15. •Menthol is value able anti
neuralgic helpful in relieving
symptoms of bronchitis and
sinusitis.
•For this purpose it is mixed with
camphor and eucalyptus oil and
given in the form of inhalations
and ointments.

16. THYME

17. • BOTANICAL ORIGION : Thymus vulgaris
•Common Name: thyme, Garden thyme
•Part used: Dried leaves and flowering
tops
•Habit: A perennial sub shrub
•Habitat: Indigenous to Spain
Cultivated in USA, Germany and
Australia
•Constituents:
Mainly contain phenolic volatile oil
The major volatile oil is
Thymol (60%)

18. Carvacrol 60%
Cymene
Camphene
d- borneol
Linalool
Other constituents
includes
Tannins
Caffeic acid
Flavones

19. •Thyme oil(B.P): obtained by steam
distillation from fresh aerial parts and
contain thymol 36-55%, carvacrol and γ-
terpinene together with linalool.
MEDICINAL USES
Antiseptic,
antispasmodic,
Antioxidant
carminative
Anti tussive
lozenges

20. •Commercially the oil is used in mouth
washes, gargles, toothpaste and
cough

21. OCIMUM BASILICUM

22. •BOTANICAL ORIGION : Ocimum
basilicum
•Common Name: Sweet basil, Common
basil, Niazboo
•Part used: Dried leaves and flowering
tops
•Habit: Annual herb
•Habitat: Native to tropical Asia and Africa
Cultivated in throughout Europe,
Mediterranean region and Pacific islands.
•Constituents:
Mainly contain volatile oil

23. The major volatile oil is
Linalool (60%)
Methyl chavicol
Eugenol
Limonene
Citronellal
Cineol
Camphor

24. MEDICINAL USES
Antiseptic,
antispasmodic,
carminative
Expectorant
In china used in stomach and kidney
problems
Oil is used in perfumes, soaps and cosmetic
industries.
Used in aroma therapy.

25. SPEARMINT

26. •BOTANICAL ORIGION : Mentha spicata
•Common Name: Pudeena, Green Mint
•Part used: Dried leaves and flowering
tops`
•Habit: Perennial herb
•Habitat: Native to Mediterranean region
common throughout Europe, Western
Asia and the Middle East.
•Constituents:
Mainly contain volatile oil

27. The major volatile oil is
Carvone (60%)
DihydroCarvone
Phellandrene
Limonene
Menthone
Cineol
α-pinene

28. MEDICINAL USES
Anesthetic
Antiseptic,
antispasmodic,
carminative
Expectorant
Astringent
Oil is used in perfumes, soaps and cosmetic
industries.
Used in aroma therapy.

29. SALVIA

30. •BOTANICAL ORIGION : Salvia officinalis
•Common Name: garden sage, common
sage
•Part used: Dried leaves and flowering
tops.
•Habit: Perennial subshrub
•Habitat: Europe, Indo- Pak
•Constituents:

31. •Yellow or greenish yellow volatile oil .
•Tannins
•Resin
•A hydrocarbon, Salvene
•Pinene and Cineol in small quantities.
•Borneol and some esters.
•Thujone (alpha & beta Thujone) Dextro-
Camphor in trace.
•Vitamin A & C is present.
•Rosmarinic acid
•Flavonoids
•bitter compounds (salvin and picrosalvin)

32. MEDICINAL USES
•Carminative
•Flavouring
•Diuretic
•For toothache
•As condiment
•Diuretic