LBZ Boundary and Development Guidelines, 2015
Delhi Urban Art Commission ( DUAC )
Page 11 of 40
July 2015
Part 2: Description of LBZ
2.1 The area called the Lutyens Bungalow Zone ( LBZ ) is the ‘Imperial
City’ of New Delhi designed on Garden City
2
principles, with a central
avenue comprising the President’s House and surrounded by
government buildings and residential ‘bungalows’
3
.
2.2 This plan was fashioned on the Garden City principles of Ebenezer
Howard, with wide tree lined avenues, large plots and bunglows set in
them. The main axis was an east -west axis, starting from the
Rashtrapati Bhawan atop the Raisina Hill going down to a climax at
the India Gate ‘C’ hexagon. The city was laid out in a grand manner
and is an excellent example of a fine blend of classical and modern
town planning. This plan was essentially for the national
Government; offices and residences and took into account the hot and
dry climate of the Delhi summers. The masterly compos ition of the
Rashtrapati Bhawan, North Block and South Block, large bung alow
plots and other government buildings, knit together carefully by a web
of wide shady avenues, lends to the city a grand order, symmetry and
unique aesthetic character with few parallels in the world. Please see
Fig. 1.
2.3 LBZ embodied the thinking of the largest empire in recorded history
and the greatest collection of wealth known to mankind. LBZ was part
of an expression of urban art based on the best practices of its time.
No other development in the world comes close to the scale and value
of this area.
2
The Garden City Movement is concept of urban planning that was initiated in 1898 by Sir Ebenezer Howard in the United
Kingdom. Garden cities were intended to be planned, self-contained communities surrounded by "greenbelts", containing
proportionate areas, of residences, industry and agriculture. Howard published his book To-morrow : a Peaceful Path to
Real Reform in 1898 (which was reissued in 1902 as Garden Cities of To-morrow). Howard organised the Garden City
Association in 1899. Two garden cities were built using Howard's ideas: Letchworth Garden City and Welwyn Garden City,
both in the County of Hertfordshire, England, United Kingdom. Howard's successor as Chairman of the Garden City
Association was Sir Frederic Osborn, who extended the movement to regional planning.
The concept was adopted again in
England after World War II, when the New Towns Act caused the development of many new communities based on
Howard's egalitarian ideas. The idea of the garden city was influential in the United States, Italy, Czechoslovakia, Peru, Sao
Paulo, Argentina, Australia and South Africa and many garden cities came about.
3
According to wikipedia, the term ‘bungalow’ originated in India, deriving from
the Gujarati બબબબબ baṅgalo, meaning " Bengali" and used elliptically for a "house in
the Bengal style". Such houses were traditionally small, only one storey and detached, and had a
wide veranda. The term was first found in English from 1696, where it was used to describe "bungales
or hovells" in India for English sailors of the East India Company, which do not sound like very grand
lodgings. Later it became used for the spacious homes or official lodgings of officials of the British Raj,
and was so known in Britain and later America, where it initially had high status and exotic
connotations, and began to be used in the late 19th century for large country or suburban houses
built in an Arts and Crafts or other Western vernacular style—essentially as large cottages, a term
also sometimes used. Bungalows are to be found in various countries across the world viz. Australia,
Bangaladesh, Canada, UK, India, Ireland, Singapore, Malaysia and South Africa.