LE CORBUSIER, furniture design, interior design

Interior

1. LE CORBUSIER
•BORN: 6
TH
OCT 1887(SWITZERLAND)
•PIONEER OF MODERN ARCHITECTURE
(MODERNIST)
•HE’S A SWISS BORN FRENCH ARCHITECT,
DESIGNER,
PAINTER, URBAN PLANNER AND WRITER.
PHILOSOPHY
LE CORBUSIER PLACED SYSTEMS OF HARMONY AND
PROPORTION AT THE CENTRE OF HIS DESIGN PHILOSOPHY,
AND HIS FAITH IN THE MATHEMATICAL ORDER OF THE
UNIVERSE WAS CLOSELY BOUND TO THE GOLDEN SECTION
AND THE FIBONACCI SERIES, WHICH HE DESCRIBED AS
"RHYTHMS APPARENT TO THE EYE AND CLEAR IN THEIR
RELATIONS WITH ONE ANOTHER
•HIS EXTREME THEORY SAYS THAT THE SO-CALLED
ARCHITECTURE DOES NOT EXIST, ONLY FUNCTIONS EXIST.
•THIS IS AIMED TOWARDS PRECISE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
PROVIDING VENTILATION, SOUND INSULATION,
SUNSHADES IN SUMMER.
“A HOUSE IS A MACHINE TO LIVE IN”
PURISM
•LE CORBUSIER REJECTED CUBISM PRINCIPLES AND
FOLLOWED AN ARTISTIC MOVEMENT CALLED PURISM
(UTOPIAN VISION OF ART AND MODERN LIVING).
•PURISM BELIEVED IN ORDER, HARMONY AND
RATIONALISM AND INSISTED THAT ART SHOULD
EMBRACE NEW INDUSTRIAL WORLD TO MAKE OBJECT
MADE BY MACHINE.
•IT PREFERRED COOL COLOURS, GLOSSY FINISH AND
CLEAN LINES. HE WORKED FOR PURIST THEORY FROM
1918 TO 1922.
WORKS DURING PURISM MOVEMENT
LE CORBUSIER USED THE FRENCH WORD ‘BETON BRUT’
MEANING RAW CONCRETE TO DESCRIBE THE
CONSTRUCTION OF HIS ROUGH CONCRETE STRUCTURES.
RUGGED R.C.C CONSTRUCTION DESIGNED LED TO THE
BRUTALISM.
CHARACTERISTICS: -
1) STRONG BOLD SHAPES 2) RCC STRUCTURES
3) LARGENESS OF SCALE 4) LARGE BLANK WALLS
5) DIAGONAL, SLOPING, OR CURVED ELEMENTS
CONTRASTING WITH HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL MEMBER.
BRUTALISM
UNITE D’ HABITATION (MARSEILLE)
AFTER WORLD WAR II, THE NEED FOR HOUSING WAS AT
AN UNPRECEDENTED HIGH. THE UNITE D’HABITATION IN
MARSEILLE, FRANCE WAS THE FIRST LARGE SCALE
PROJECT FOR THE FAMED ARCHITECT, LE CORBUSIER. IN
1947, EUROPE WAS STILL FEELING THE EFFECTS OF THE
SECOND WORLD WAR, WHEN LE CORBUSIER WAS
COMMISSIONED TO DESIGN A MULTI-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL
HOUSING PROJECT FOR THE PEOPLE OF MARSEILLE THAT
WERE DISLOCATED AFTER THE BOMBINGS ON FRANCE.
FIVE POINTS OF LE CORBUSIER
FURNITURE DESIGN
•LE CORBUSIER BELIEVED THAT FURNITURE SHOULD BE SLEEK AND FIT FOR
PURPOSE BUT SHOULD NOT TAKE UP MORE SPACE THAN WAS REQUIRED
SO HE STRIPPED AWAYALL EXCESS.
•HIS FURNITURE DESIGNS ARE COMBINATION OF SIMPLE DESIGN LINES
WITH TUBULAR STAINLESS STEEL AND LEATHER.
•IN HIS 1925 BOOK L'ART DÉCORATIF D'AUJOURD'HUI , LE CORBUSIER
DEFINED THREE DIFFERENT TYPES OF FURNITURE :
•1.TYPE-NEEDS, 2.TYPE-FUNCTIONS, 3.HUMAN-LIMB OBJECTS.
”CHAIRS ARE ARCHITECTURE, SOFAS ARE BOURGEOIS.”
LC1-THE BASCULANT CHAIR
•THE SLING CHAIR OR BASCULANT
CHAIR, CREATED IN 1928 BY LE
CORBUSIER, CHARLOTTE PERRIAND,
AND PIERRE JEANNERET.
•POPULAR CHAIR FOR BOTH
RESIDENTIAL AND OFFICE INTERIORS.
•FIRST SHOWN IN THE GALLERY OF THE
VILLA LA ROCHE, PARIS, AND IN THE
LIBRARY AND STUDY OF THE VILLA
CHURCH, VILLE D’AVARY, PARIS.
•YEAR OF DESIGN WAS 1928 AND YEAR
OF PRODUCTION WAS 1965.
•ITS DESIGN WAS ADAPTED FROM THE
COLONIAL OFFICER'S CHAIR WITH
LEATHER STRAPS KNOWN AS A “SAFARI”
CHAIR.”
FREE FROM ANY FORM OF DECORATION,
THESE TUBULAR STEEL DESIGNS EMBODY
RELAXED AND TIMELESS ELEGANCE.
PHILOSOPHY
DESCRIPTION
•A DESIGN CLASSIC FEATURING A ROD
WHICH ATTACHES THE BACK OF THE
CHAIR TO THE FRAME THUS
ALLOWING THE ANGLE OF TILT TO
CHANGE AS THE USER SHIFTS
POSITION GIVING HIM CONTINUOUS
SUPPORT.
•THE COMBINATION OF NATURAL
HIDE AND TUBULAR STEEL GIVE THIS
PIECE WARMTH AND ELEGANCE.
MATERIAL
•POLISHED TRIVALENT
CHROME PLATED
(CR3) OR SEMIGLOSS
BLACK ENAMEL STEEL
FRAME
PONYSKIN OR COWSKIN (BLACK LEATHER ARMS);
—SADDLE LEATHER IN A WIDE RANGE OF
COLOURS WITH MATCHING ARMS. DIMENSIONS
FUNCTION
•THIS SENSE OF MOVEMENT
IN THE BACK OF THIS SMALL
ARMCHAIR AND STRAPS
WERE INSPIRED BY THE
"SAFARI” CHAIR THAT LE
CORBUSIER HAD
PREVIOUSLY USED IN SOME
OF HIS INTERIORS.
•ITS CUBIC, GEOMETRIC STRUCTURE REFLECTS THE “PURISM” .
SIMPLE GEOMETRY THE ARMRESTS ARE MADE OF TWO STRAPS
OF LEATHER WITH A ROTATIONAL PLAY BETWEEN THE TWO
END PIECES.
THE LC16 STUDY TABLE
A SYSTEM MADE UP OF A MOBILE STORAGE UNITS SURFACED
IN NATURAL MATTE COLOURED OAK. THE OPEN
COMPARTMENT IS EQUIPPED WITH FASTENED SHELVES. THIS
SYSTEM OF FURNITURE CAN BE EXPANDED WITH MODULAR
OPEN ELEMENTS.
•YEAR OF DESIGN WAS1957.
•THE BASIC IDEA WAS TO CREATE SIMPLE, CHEAP
FURNISHINGS THAT WOULD BE SUITABLE FOR THE SPACE
AVAILABLE.
•CASSINA HAS REWORKED THE PROJECT DESIGNED FOR
CHILDREN’S BEDROOMS STANDARD OBJECTS/STANDARD
NEEDS THE RANGE FEATURES TWO STOOLS, ONE
CREATED FOR LE CORBUSIER'S SUMMER HOME AND THE
OTHER FOR A UNIVERSITY ACCOMMODATION PROJECT,
EACH COMPRISING A RECTANGULAR BOX WITH
DOVETAIL JOINTS AT THE CORNERS AND SLOTS IN EACH
SIDE FOR EASY MOBILITY.
•AN "INTERFACE" PROJECT, MEANING IT WAS
DESIGNED AS A LINK BETWEEN MAN AND HIS
HOME.
PRESENTED BY :
NAME: ADITI PRABHU
CLASS: 2
ND
SEM M.ARCH (I.D.)
SUBJECT: FURNITURE DESIGN
ROLL NO: 19031NA001
COLLEGE: CSIIT
01

2. LC4 CHAISE LOUNGE (1982)
IT WAS DUBBED THE "RELAXING MACHINE" BECAUSE OF THE
WAY IT MIRRORS THE BODY'S NATURAL CURVES WHILE
APPEARING TO FLOAT ABOVE ITS SUPPORTS.
FRAME : TUBULAR STEEL FRAME, BLACK STEEL BASE
DIMENSIONS : L=1650MM, H=600MM –880MM(ADJUSTABLE),
W=580MM •
• THE MAIN BODY OF THE CHAIR DETACHES FROM THE
BLACK STEEL FRAME, AND IT CAN BE ADJUSTED TO
COUNTLESS POSITIONS ALONG THE FRAME ..
• DETACHABLE HEADREST PILLOW.
• INSPIRED BY THE KANGAROO SOFA FROM VIRGINIA, USA IN
1830.
• THE UNCONVENTIONAL CURVES WERE CONCEIVED TO
ACCOMMODATE A PERSON AT REST.
HE DEFINED HUMAN-LIMB OBJECTS AS: “EXTENSIONS OF OUR
LIMBS AND ADAPTED TO HUMAN FUNCTIONS THAT ARE
TYPE-NEEDS AND TYPE-FUNCTIONS, THEREFORE TYPE-
OBJECTS AND TYPE-FURNITURE. THE HUMAN-LIMB OBJECT IS
A DOCILE SERVANT. A GOOD SERVANT IS DISCREET AND
SELF-EFFACING IN ORDER TO LEAVE HIS MASTER FREE.
CERTAINLY, WORKS OF ART ARE TOOLS, BEAUTIFUL TOOLS.
AND LONG LIVE THE GOOD TASTE MANIFESTED BY CHOICE,
SUBTLETY, PROPORTION, AND HARMONY”.
MODULAR
HIS LIFETIME WORKS
THIS MODEL PROPOSED AN OPEN FLOOR PLAN CONSISTING OF THREE
CONCRETE SLABS SUPPORTED BY SIX THIN REINFORCED CONCRETE
COLUMNS, WITH A STAIRWAY PROVIDING ACCESS TO EACH LEVEL ON
ONE SIDE OF THE FLOOR PLAN. THE SYSTEM WAS ORIGINALLY
DESIGNED TO PROVIDE LARGE NUMBERS OF TEMPORARY RESIDENCES
AFTER WORLD WAR I, PRODUCING ONLY SLABS, COLUMNS AND
STAIRWAYS.
PAINTING, CUBISM, PURISM AND L'ESPRIT NOUVEAU (1918–1922)
IN 1918, LE CORBUSIER MET THE CUBIST PAINTER AMÉDÉE OZENFANT IN
WHOM HE RECOGNISED A KINDRED SPIRIT. OZENFANT ENCOURAGED
HIM TO PAINT, AND THE TWO BEGAN A PERIOD OF COLLABORATION.
REJECTING CUBISM AS IRRATIONAL AND "ROMANTIC", THE PAIR
JOINTLY PUBLISHED THEIR MANIFESTO, APRÈS LE CUBISMEAND
ESTABLISHED A NEW ARTISTIC MOVEMENT, PURISM.
Le Corbusier, 1921, Nature morte(Still Life),Le Corbusier, 1922, Nature morteverticale(Vertical Still Life)
BOOK JOURNEY
•IN 1922 AND 1923, LE CORBUSIER DEVOTED HIMSELF TO
ADVOCATING HIS NEW CONCEPTS OF ARCHITECTURE AND
URBAN PLANNING IN A SERIES OF POLEMICAL ARTICLES
PUBLISHED IN L'ESPRIT NOUVEAU.
•IN 1923, HE COLLECTED
HIS ESSAYS FROM L'ESPRIT
NOUVEAU PUBLISHED HIS
FIRST AND MOST
INFLUENTIAL BOOK,
TOWARDS AN
ARCHITECTURE.
THE DECORATIVE ART OF TODAY (1925)
"WHY CALL BOTTLES, CHAIRS, BASKETS AND OBJECTS DECORATIVE?" LE
CORBUSIER ASKED. "THEY ARE USEFUL TOOLS….DECOR IS NOT
NECESSARY.
" HE DESCRIBED THE FUTURE OF DECORATION IN THESE TERMS: "THE
IDEAL IS TO GO WORK IN THE SUPERB OFFICE OF A MODERN FACTORY,
RECTANGULAR AND WELL -LIT, PAINTED IN WHITE RIPOLIN (A MAJOR
FRENCH PAINT MANUFACTURER); WHERE HEALTHY ACTIVITY AND
LABORIOUS OPTIMISM REIGN." HE CONCLUDED BY REPEATING "MODERN
DECORATION HAS NO DECORATION".
URBAN PLANNER JOURNEY : CHANDHIGARH
OTHER BOOKS AS
•THEORIES OF FURNITURE
•THE MODULAR (1900)
•TOWARD AN
ARCHITECTURE (1923)
LE CORBUSIER CONCEIVED THE MASTER PLAN OF CHANDIGARH AS
ANALOGOUS TO HUMAN BODY, WITH A CLEARLY DEFINED
• HEAD (THE CAPITOL COMPLEX, SECTOR 1),
• HEART (THE CITY CENTRE SECTOR-17),
• LUNGS (THE LEISURE VALLEY, INNUMERABLE OPEN SPACES AND
SECTOR GREENS),
• INTELLECT (THE CULTURAL AND EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS),
• CIRCULATORY SYSTEM (THE NETWORK OF ROADS, THE 7VS) AND
• VISCERA (THE INDUSTRIAL AREA). THE CONCEPT OF THE CITY IS
BASED ON FOUR MAJOR FUNCTIONS: LIVING, WORKING, CARE OF
THE BODY AND SPIRIT AND CIRCULATION.
• RESIDENTIAL SECTOR CONSTITUTE THE LIVING PART
• THE CAPITOL COMPLEX, CITY CENTRE, EDUCATIONAL ZONE AND
THE INDUSTRIAL AREA CONSTITUTE THE WORKING PART.
• THE LEISURE VALLEY, GARDENS, SECTOR GREENS AND OPEN
COURTYARDS ETC. ARE FOR THE CARE OF BODY AND SPIRIT.
• THE CIRCULATION SYSTEM COMPRISES OF 7 DIFFERENT TYPES OF
ROADS.
FAMOUS BUILDINGS
•VILLA SAVOYE (1923-31)
•UNITE D’ HABITATION IN MARSELLIE (1939-52)
•SECRETARIAT BUILDING, CHANDIGARH (1952-58)
•PALACE OF ASSEMBLY, CHANDIGARH (1952-1961)
PRESENTED BY :
NAME: ADITI PRABHU
CLASS: 2
ND
SEM M.ARCH (I.D.)
SUBJECT: FURNITURE DESIGN
ROLL NO: 19031NA001
COLLEGE: CSIIT
02