Leadership

management 4th unit

1. LEADERSHIP

2. INTRODUCTION Leader is a part of management and one of the most significant elements of direction. A leader may or may not be manager but a manager must a leader. A manager as a leader must lead his subordinates and also inspire them to achieve organizational goals. Thus leadership is the driving force which gets the things done by others

3. DEFINITON LEADER A person who demonstrates and exercise influence and power over others. Leaders have a vision and influence others by their actions and comments . LEADERSHIP It is the ability to influence other people -Lansdale Leadership is the ability of a manager to induce subordinate to work with zeal confidence- Koontz and O Donnell

4. IMPORTANCE Leaders Motivates People Leader Counsels Employees Leader Develops Team Spirit Leaders Aims At Time Management Leader Strives For Effectiveness

5. TYPES OF LEADERSHIP INTELLECTUAL LEADER He is one who possesses rich knowledge and technical competence. All his subordinates listen and follow his advice because of his specialized intellectual authority. e.g.- financial advisor, legal advisor, etc CREATIVE LEADER Creative leader uses the technique of ‗circular response‘ to encourage ideas to flow from group to him and vice versa. He draws out the best in his followers and controls them to attain the goals. PERSUASIVE LEADER He gains faith and confidence from his followers. He possesses a magnetic personality which attracts followers which helps to get work done by them effectively. INSTITUTIONAL LEADER When a person becomes a leader by virtue of his position, he is called an institutional leader. e.g. - the principal of a college, managing director of a company DEMOCRATIC LEADER A democratic leader is one who does not lead but is lead by his followers. In other words, he follows the opinion of the majority of his followers and delegates most of his power to them. AUTOCRATIC LEADER He is one who dominates and drives his group through coercion and command. He institutes a sense of fear among his followers. Such leaders love power and never delegate their authority.

6. THEORIES TRAIT THEORY/GREAT MAN THEORY This theory suggests that leaders have some inborn traits. They have certain set of characteristics that are crucial for inspiring others towards a common goal. A successful leader is supposed to have the following traits- good personality, tirelessness, capacity to read other‘s mind, ability to make quick decision, courage, persuasion, intelligence, reliability, imagination STYLE THEORY This focuses on what leaders do in relational and contextual terms. The achievement of satisfactory performance measures requires supervisors to pursue effective relationships with their subordinates, while comprehending the factors in the work environment that influence outcomes.

7. 3. TRANSACTIONAL/TRANSFORMATIONAL THEORY This theory describes the relationship between leaders and followers . This refers to a process where by the leader attends the needs and motives of followers so that interaction raises to high levels of motivation and morality. 4. SITUATIONAL THEORY This theory believes that leadership effectiveness depended on the relationship among the leaders task at hand, their interpersonal skills and the favourableness the work situation.

8. STYLES OF LEADERSHIP AUTOCRATIC LEADERSHIP: The leader assumes complete control over the decisions and activities of the group . Characteristic Of The Leader  Firm personality, self-assured , highly directive, dominating.  Has high concern for the work than for the people who performs task  Shows no regards to the interests of the employees  Set rigid standards, method of performance and expects the subordinates to obey the rules  Makes all decision by himself or herself  Minimal group participation or none from the workers

9. 2 . DEMOCRATIC LEADER Participative consultative style of leadership Characteristic Of The Leader  Sense of equality among leader and followers  Open system of communication prevails  Interaction between the leader and group is friendly and trusting  Leader works through people 3. LAISSARE-FAIRE LEADERSHIP Free- Rein, Anarchic and Ultraliberal style of leadership. The leader gives up all power to the group. Characteristic Features  Encourages independent activity by the group member  Group members are free to set their own goals determine their own activities and allowed to do almost what they desire to do  Style effective in highly motivating professional growth by domination but by suggestions and persuasions

10. 4). BUREAUCRATIC LEADERSHIP In this the leader function only with rules and regulations. Leader cannot be flexible and does not like to take any risk out of the rules. E.g defence leader Characteristics of leadership It is concerned with the lying down group objectives and polices for the followers`. It pre – supposes the existence of a group followers. Its style may differ from situation to situation. It is the ability to perused others and motivate them to work for accomplishing certain objectives. It is process of influencing exercised by leader on members of a group. It involves an unequal distribution of authority among leaders and groups.

11. DEVELOPING YOUR LEADRERSHIP ABILITY Increase your personal competence and knowledge Develop & maintain flexibility Develop self confidence, Decisiveness & integrity in decision making Walk, talk and look poised & confident Develop and maintain alliances Develop your personal physical resources

12. APPLICATION OF LEADERSHIP IN NURSING Patient care coordination Employee responsibilities Guidelines for delegating nursing care Mentorship Preceptor ship Continuing education