Lec-05 CYCLONE DISASTER MANAGEMENT.pptx

Disaster management;
Cyclone disaster management;
Types of cyclones;
Causes of cyclones;
classification of cyclones;
tropical cyclones;
IMD in Cyclones;
Characteristics of Cyclones;
Effects of cyclones;
Cyclone preparedness;
Cyclone prone zones of India;
Early warning systems: Cyclone;
Do's & Don'ts during Cyclones;
Cyclones—further readings;
References: Cyclones;
Publication: Biparjoy cyclone;

1. Cyclone Disaster Management Prof. Samirsinh P Parmar Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Technology Dharmsinh Desai University, Nadiad-387001 E-mail: [email protected] Lecture-5

2. Cyclone Cyclone is a region of low atmospheric pressure surrounded by high atmospheric pressure resulting in swirling atmospheric disturbance accompanied by powerful winds blowing in anticlockwise direction in the Northern Hemisphere and in the clockwise direction in the Southern Hemisphere. 2 Lec-05 , DM-SPP, DoCL- DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.

3. Cyclones Rotation of wind blowing in to the anticlockwise direction in the Northern Hemisphere and in the clockwise direction in the Southern Hemisphere. 3 Northern Hemisphere Southern Hemisphere Lec-05 , DM-SPP, DoCL- DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.

4. Cyclones Also Known as: Typhoons in the Northwest Pacific Ocean west of the dateline. Hurricanes in the North Atlantic Ocean, the Northeast Pacific Ocean east of the dateline, or the South Pacific ocean, Tropical cyclones – the Southwest Pacific Ocean and Southeast Indian Ocean. Severe Cyclonic Storm – The North Indian Ocean. Willie-Willie in Australia Tornado in South America 4 Lec-05 , DM-SPP, DoCL- DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.

5. Types of Cyclones 5 (1) (2) (3) (4) Lec-05 , DM-SPP, DoCL- DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.

6. 6 Lec-05 , DM-SPP, DoCL- DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.

7. Classification of Cyclone Indian classification of Cyclonic Disturbances in the North Indian Ocean Low Pressure area (Wind speed <31 kmph) Depression (Wind speed 31-49 kmph) Deep Depression (Wind speed 60-61 kmph) Cyclonic Storm (Wind speed 62-88 kmph) Severe Cyclonic Storm (Wind speed 89-118 kmph) Very Severe Cyclonic Storm (Wind speed 119-221 kmph) Super Cyclone (Wind speed >222 kmph) 7 Lec-05 , DM-SPP, DoCL- DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.

8. Cyclones in India are moderate in nature. Some general characteristics are: Strong Winds Exceptional Rain Storm surge 8 General Characteristics of Cyclone Lec-05 , DM-SPP, DoCL- DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.

9. 9 General Characteristics of Cyclone Lec-05 , DM-SPP, DoCL- DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.

10. Stages of development of Cyclone Stage 1: Formation and initial development Stage 2: Fully matured Stage 3: Weakening or decay 10 Lec-05 , DM-SPP, DoCL- DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.

11. 11 Source: Mohapatra et.al. (2012) Cyclone prone zones in India Lec-05 , DM-SPP, DoCL- DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.

12. Early Warning Low pressure and the development can be detected hours or days before it causes damage. The India Meteorological Department (IMD) is the nodal department for wind detection, tracking and forecasting cyclone. Cyclone tracking is done through INSAT satellite. 12 Lec-05 , DM-SPP, DoCL- DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.

13. Observational Network Land-based observational systems Early establishment of planned Automatic Weather Stations (AWS) and Rain-gauge Network Establishment of High Speed wind recorder and one surge recorder for each costal district Enhancement of a Doppler Weather Radar Network over coastal regions at an interval of 300 km along the coast Augmentation of high resolution vertical soundings with the enhancement of Radio Sonde (RS)/Radio Wind (RW) Network and introduction of Wind Profilers. 13 Lec-05 , DM-SPP, DoCL- DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.

14. Observational Network Ocean-based observational systems Enhancement of Shallow water and deep water buoy network over Indian Seas. Enhancement of ocean observations involving ships of opportunity, Coast Guard vessels and Indian Naval Ships Off-Shore oil platforms and Islands. 14 Lec-05 , DM-SPP, DoCL- DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.

15. Observational Network Space-based observational systems Ensure the operational service of at least two geostationary satellites over Indian seas at any given point of time Generation of high spatial resolution data sets of land-surface parameters on weekly/bi-weekly basis utilising IRS and other global satellites Real time reception of global satellite products, especially from microwave sensors 15 Lec-05 , DM-SPP, DoCL- DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.

16. Effects of Cyclones Physical damage Casualties and public health Water supplies Crop and food supplies Communication 16 Lec-05 , DM-SPP, DoCL- DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.

17. Possible Risk Reduction Measures Coastal belt plantation Hazard mapping Land use control Engineered structures Flood management Improving vegetative cover Wind load considerations while designing buildings (IS875 – 1987 Part 3) 17 Lec-05 , DM-SPP, DoCL- DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.

18. Do’s and Don'ts – Before, during and after Cyclone What to do before the cyclone season? Check the house; secure loose tiles and carry out repairs of doors and windows. Remove dead branches or dying trees close to the house, anchor removable objects such as lumber piles, loose tin sheets, loose bricks, garbage cans, sign boards, etc which can fly in string wind. Keep some wooden boards ready so that glass windows can be boarded. Keep a hurricane lantern filled with kerosene battery operated t orches and enough dry cells. D emolish condemned buildings. Keep some extra batteries for transistors. Keep some dry non-perishable food always ready for use in emergency. 18 Lec-05 , DM-SPP, DoCL- DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.

19. Do’s and Don'ts – Before, during and after Cyclone What to do when the cyclone starts? Listen to the radio (All India Radio stations give weather warnings). Keep monitoring the warnings. This will help you prepare for a cyclone emergency Pass the information to others. Ignore rumors and do not spread them; this will help to avoid panic situations. Believe in the official information. When a cyclone alert is on for your area continue normal working but stay alert to the radio warning Stay within alert 24 for hours. the next 24 hours as a cyclone alert means that the danger is within 24 hours. 19 Lec-05 , DM-SPP, DoCL- DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.

20. Do’s and Don'ts – Before, during and after Cyclone What to do when area is under cyclone warning? When your area is under cyclone warning get away from low-lying beaches or other low-lying areas close to the coast. Leave early before your way to high ground or shelter gets flooded. Do not delay and run the risk of being marooned. If your house is securely built on high ground take shelter in the safe par of the house. However, if asked to evacuate do not hesitate to leave the place. 20 Lec-05 , DM-SPP, DoCL- DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.

21. Do’s and Don'ts – Before, during and after Cyclone What to do when area is under cyclone warning? Board up glass windows or put storm shutters in place, Provide strong suitable support for outside doors. If you do not have wooden boards handy. paste paper strips on glasses prevent splinters. However, this may not avoid breaking windows. Get extra food, which can be eaten without cooking. Store extra drinking water in suitably covered vessels If you have to evacuate the house move your valuable articles to upper floor to minimize flood damage 21 Lec-05 , DM-SPP, DoCL- DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.

22. Do’s and Don'ts – Before, during and after Cyclone What to do when evacuation is instructed? Pack essentials for yourself and your family to last a few days. These include medicines, special food for babies and children or elders. Head for the proper shelter of evacuation points indicated for your area. Do not worry about your property At the shelter follow instructions of the person in charge. Remain in the shelter until you are informed to leave. 22 Lec-05 , DM-SPP, DoCL- DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.

23. Do’s and Don'ts – Before, during and after Cyclone What to do after cyclone? You should remain in the shelter until informed that you can return to your home. You must get inoculated against diseases immediately Strictly avoid any loose and dangling wires from lamp posts. If you have to drive, do drive carefully. Clear debris from your premises immediately Report the correct losses to appropriate authorities. 23 Lec-05 , DM-SPP, DoCL- DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.

24. Additional References: https://ndma.gov.in/Natural-Hazards/Cyclone/Dos-Donts https://appliedsciences.nasa.gov/what-we-do/disasters/hurricanes-cyclones https://disasterphilanthropy.org/resources/hurricanes-typhoons-and-cyclones/ https:// amssdelhi.gov.in/tropicle_cyclones.htm https://www.opastpublishers.com/peer-review/a-comprehensive-study-of-biparjoy-cyclone-disaster-management-in-gujarat-a-case-study-7607.html 24 Lec-05 , DM-SPP, DoCL- DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.

25. My publication: (please refer) https:// www.opastpublishers.com/peer-review/a-comprehensive-study-of-biparjoy-cyclone-disaster-management-in-gujarat-a-case-study-7607.html 25 Lec-05 , DM-SPP, DoCL- DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India. Parmar, S. P. "A Comprehensive Study of Biparjoy Cyclone Disaster Management in Gujarat: A Case Study."  Eng OA  2, no. 3 (2024): 01-17.

26. 26 Lec-05 , DM-SPP, DoCL- DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.