Lec 14.Toothache and Earache-1.pptx . . . . . . .

Hi

1. Tooth Ache & Ear Ache 

2. EAR ACHE An earache, also known as otalgia, is a common medical condition characterized by pain or discomfort in the ear. It can affect people of all ages and may be a symptom of various underlying issues . The ear is a complex organ responsible for hearing and balance and discomfort in this area can be caused by a range of factors.

3. TYPES Primary Earache:   This type of earache originates from the ear itself. It may be caused by infections, trauma, or other ear-related issues. Referred Earache:  In some cases, pain perceived as an earache may actually originate from another part of the body, such as the teeth, jaw, or throat. This is known as referred pain.

4. CAUSES Common causes of earache include: Ear Infections : Infections of the middle ear (otitis media) or outer ear (otitis externa) can lead to pain and discomfort. Blockages : Blockages in the ear canal, often due to earwax accumulation, can cause pressure and pain.

5. Injury or Trauma :  Injury to the ear, such as a blow to the ear or insertion of foreign objects, can result in earaches. Eustachian Tube Dysfunction : The Eustachian tubes connect the middle ear to the back of the throat. Dysfunction of these tubes can lead to pressure imbalances and pain.

6. Sinus Infections:   Infections affecting the sinuses can sometimes cause referred pain in the ears. Dental Issues:   Toothaches or jaw problems may be perceived as ear pain.

7. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Sharp or dull pain in ear  Difficulty in hearing (due to fluid blockage ) Discharge from ear Jaw Pain Sore Throat Itching   Redness ,Swelling around ear Tinnitus (ringing in the ear ) Nausea Rapid involuntary Eye Movement

8. DIAGNOSIS Medical History:  Your doctor will ask about your symptoms, when they started, and if there are any specific factors that trigger or worsen the pain. Physical Examination:  A thorough examination of the ear, including the ear canal and eardrum, will be conducted using an otoscope. The doctor may also check for tenderness around the ear and jaw.

9. Discussion of Symptoms:   Your doctor will ask about associated symptoms such as hearing loss, drainage from the ear, dizziness, or any other issues that may help in narrowing down the possible causes. Tests:  In some cases, additional tests may be ordered, such as a tympanometry to assess the movement of the eardrum or an audiogram to check for hearing loss. These tests can provide valuable information about the function of the ear.

10. Identification of Underlying Cause:   Based on the information gathered from the history, physical examination, and any tests conducted, the healthcare provider will work to identify the underlying cause of the earache.

11. TREATMENT Holding a warm cloth or heat pack along the outside of your ear. Taking pain relief medicines such as paracetamol or ibuprofen. Amoxcillin is the first choice antibiotics for adults with otitis media. Augmentin is common alternative if amoxcillin is not  effective.  

12. TOOTHACHE Also called dental pain or toothpain DEF: Pain in or about tooth is called toothache. Toothache is a common dental complaint that can range from mild discomfort to severe pain. It occurs when the sensitive nerve endings within the pulp  of a tooth become irritated or inflamed also called Pulpitis.

13. CAUSES Tooth decay  Wisdom Teeth  Trauma or accident  Swollen Gums  Pulpitis Severe Teeth Grinding  Inflammation of teeth

14. SIGN AND SYMPTOMS  Pain with chewing your teeth or jaw . Teeth are sensitive to hot or cold Bleeding from around tooth or gums  Swelling of your jaw Fever  Headache  Bad taste in your mouth

15. PREVENTION Brush your teeth after eating (soft brush with fluoride toothpaste)

16. DIAGNOSIS Oral Examination  Medical History  X –Rays  panorex veiws ( used to capture the whole mouth in one image .) periapical ( one that captures the whole tooth)

17. TREATMENT Salt water Green tea Alo Vera Tooth Paste  Avoid Cold or Hot foods Pain Medication

18. PAIN MEDICATION Anti Inflammatory Drugs such as Ibuprofen  Aspirin Advil Naproxen Tylenol

19. Mild to moderate degree of pain  (CODEINE) Moderate to Severe Pain  (Oxycodone)

20. THANK YOU