Lec02 (P1) Applications of Information and communication technology.pptx

Applications of ICT

1. Applications of Information and communication Technologies (ICT) Lecture 02 Part(01)

2. Overview Classification of computer Mainframe, Supercomputers, servers and others Examples, Applications Comparison Parts of Computer system Hardware, software, storage, communication Data vs information Example Information Processing Cycle

3. Classification of computers

4. Classification of Computers Six basic categories of computers: – Supercomputers – Mainframe computers – Servers – Embedded computers – Personal computers – Mobile devices

5. Supercomputers • Supercomputer – Fastest, most expensive, most powerful type of computer – Generally run one program at a time, as fast as possible – Tend to be very large and contain a large number of CPUs – Supercomputers are used for specialized situations in which immense processing speed is required. – Titan is one of the fastest computers in the world

6. Supercomputers

7. Applications of Supercomputers Healthcare & Drug Discovery – Supercomputers analyze medical images, patient data, and genetic sequences to help in disease diagnosis and drug development. COVID-19 virus research Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) – Supercomputers help train AI models like ChatGPT and Alexa for better language understanding, real-time translations, and text analysis. Weather Forecasting – Helps forecast storms, hurricanes (heavy storm with rain), and climate changes. Autonomous Systems – Helps self-driving cars and robots process real-time data for decision-making.

8. Mainframe computers • Mainframe Computer – Powerful computer used by many large organizations to manage large amounts of centralized data. – Standard choice for hospitals, universities, large businesses, – Located in climate-controlled data centers and connected to the rest of the company computers via a network – Larger, more expensive, and more powerful than servers – Also called high-end servers or enterprise-class servers

9. Mainframe computers

10. Applications of Mainframe computers Banking – Processes millions of transactions daily, secures customer data, and manages ATMs. Universities – Handles student admissions, records, and online learning systems. Airlines – Manages ticket bookings, flight schedules, passenger details, and baggage tracking. Government – Stores citizen records, tax data.

11. Servers • Server – A medium-sized computer used to host/stores programs and data for a small network such as computer lab. – Sometimes referred to as a minicomputer – Users connect via a network with a computer, thin client, or dumb terminal.

12. Applications of Servers File Storage & Sharing – Stores files and allows multiple users to access and share them over a network. Website Hosting – Runs websites and web applications, making them accessible on the internet. Database Management – Stores and manages large amounts of data for businesses, schools, or hospitals. Email Hosting – Handles emails for organizations, allowing users to send and receive messages.

13. Embedded computers • Embedded Computers – Embedded into a product and designed to perform specific tasks or functions for that product – Cannot be used as general-purpose computers Tiny PCs – Can look like a USB flash drive – Typically connect your TV to the Internet to display Web content

14. Applications of Embedded computers Household appliances – A microwave with a timer and heating control. Treadmills – Tracks speed, distance, and calories burned. Cars – music and video system in car Digital Cameras – Process images, adjust focus, and store photos. Smartwatches – Track heart rate, steps, and notifications.

15. Mobile Devices • Mobile Device – A very small device with some type of built-in computing or Internet capability – Typically has a small screen and keyboard Examples: • Smartphones • Handheld gaming devices • Media tablets

16. Mobile Devices

17. Personal Computers (PCs) • Personal Computer (PC) – Small computer designed to be used by one person at a time – Also called a microcomputer – Available in different sizes and shapes Examples: Desktop Computers – On or next to a desk – Tower case, desktop case, or all-in-one – Not portable

18. Personal Computers (PCs)

19. Comparison Feature Supercomputer Mainframe computer Embedded computer Server Personal computers Mobile devices Performance Fastest High Low to moderate High Moderate to high Moderate Cost Very Expensive Expensive Low Expensive Moderate Moderate to high Size Very Large Large Very small Meduim Small to Medium Small Purpose Complex scientific calculations Centralized data processing Specific tasks Hosting programs and data General computing Communication, productivity, entertainment

20. Comparison Feature Supercomputer Mainframe computer Embedded computer Server Personal computers Mobile devices Users Single tasks, Specialized users Many users (organizations) Single purpose (Device-specific) Multiple users (Network) Individuals Individuals Portability No No Yes No Limited (laptops) Yes Example Titan, Fugaku IBM Z series Microwaves, cars, threadmills File server, web server Desktop, Laptop Smartphones, Tablets