Lec11 .. Workplace ohi bg ,htstress Safety (1).pptx

se3r

1. HEALTH, SAFETY & ENVIRONMENT DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT NUST COLLEGE OF E&ME Dr Tasweer Hussain Syed Course Outline Lecture 11 Dec 11

2. What is Stress ? National Safety Council in USA in August 2020  reported about 40 percent of U.S. adults were experiencing negative mental or behavioral health effects including symptoms of anxiety disorder or depressive disorder, trauma-related symptoms, new or increased substance use, or suicidal thoughts, detailing a spike in opioid overdoses

3. What is Stress ? Stress can be defined as a state of worry or mental tension caused by a difficult situation. Stress is a natural human response that prompts us to address challenges and threats in our lives. Everyone experiences stress to some degree.

4. Dr Tasweer H Syed

5. Dr Tasweer H Syed

6. Dr Tasweer H Syed

7. EFFECT OF Stress ? Stress can be harmful to our health and increase mental health challenges like clinical mental illness and substance use disorders as well as other emotions like stress, grief, feeling sad and anxious, where these feelings are temporary and not part of a diagnosable condition. and daily functioning

8. SOURCES OF Stress ? While there are many things in life that induce stress, work can be one of those factors. However, workplaces can also be a key place for resources, solutions, and activities designed to improve our mental health and well-being.

9. RESULTS OF Stress ? Reduced engagement with coworkers. Physical health like cardiovascular diseases. Innovation & solutions. Job performance Productivity Work engagement and communication Physical capability and daily functioning

10. Workplace stressors Concerns about job security (e.g., potential lay-offs, reduced assigned hours). Lack of access to the tools and equipment needed WRT work safely. Fear of employer retaliation Facing confrontation from customers, patients, co-workers, supervisors, or employers.

11. Workplace stressors Adapting to new or different workspace and schedule or work rules. Learning new or different tasks or take on more responsibilities. Having to work more frequent or extended shifts without more breaks. Physically demanding work. Learning new communication tools and dealing with technical difficulties..

12. Workplace stressors Blurring of work-life boundaries,( making it hard for workers to disconnect from the office). Job with simultaneously family demands Concerns about work performance and productivity. Concerns about the safety of using public transit as a commuting option

13. Stress Management Process Dr Tasweer H Syed

14. Common causes of personal stress Sometimes people may suffer from stress that isn't caused by work-related issues but instead has an external cause from their personal life. Common external causes of stress include: relationship difficulties or a divorce serious illness in the family caring for dependants such as children or elderly relatives bereavement moving house debt problems Dr Tasweer H Syed

15. Signs of PS Signs that you might be experiencing stress yourself could include: poor judgement and indecisiveness difficulty in concentrating a lack of assertiveness irritability, aggressiveness, depression or loss of sense of humour physical symptoms such as breathlessness, headaches, chest pains, nausea, sleeplessness, high blood pressure and constant tiredness Dr Tasweer H Syed

16. How to cope with stress If you are suffering from stress, you need to try to: identify and tackle the underlying causes practise relaxation techniques improve your diet and cut back where appropriate on smoking, alcohol and caffeine consumption do regular exercise avoid regularly working long hours if at all possible make sure you take holidays Dr Tasweer H Syed

17. Symptoms of Stress Some of the symptoms of stress at workplace are as follows- Absenteeism, escaping from work responsibilities, arriving late, leaving early, etc. Deterioration in work performance, more of error prone work, memory loss, etc. Cribbing, over-reacting, arguing, getting irritated, anxiety, etc. Deteriorating health, more of accidents, etc. Improper eating habits (over-eating or under-eating), excessive smoking and drinking, sleeplessness, etc Dr Tasweer H Syed

18. Sources/Causes of Stress The factors leading to stress among individual are called as stressors. Some of the factors/stressors acting on employees are- Organizational factors-  With the growth in organizational stress and complexity, there is increase in organizational factors also which cause stress among employees. Some of such factors are- Discrimination in pay/salary structure Strict rules and regulations Ineffective communication Peer pressure Goals conflicts/goals ambiguity More of centralized and formal organization structure Less promotional opportunities Lack of employees participation in decision-making Excessive control over the employees by the managers Dr Tasweer H Syed

19. Sources/Causes of Stress Individual factors-  There are various expectations which the family members, peer, superior and subordinates have from the employee. Failure to understand such expectations or to convey such expectations lead to role ambiguity/role conflict which in turn causes employee stress. Other individual factors causing stress among employees are inherent personality traits such as being impatient, aggressive, rigid, feeling time pressure always, etc. Similarly, the family issues, personal financial problems, sudden career changes all lead to stress. Dr Tasweer H Syed

20. Sources/Causes of Stress Job concerning factors-  Certain factors related to job which cause stress among employees are as follows- Monotonous nature of job Unsafe and unhealthy working conditions Lack of confidentiality Crowding Extra-organizational factors-  There are certain issues outside the organization which lead to stress among employees. In today’s modern and technology savvy world, stress has increased. Inflation, technological change, social responsibilities and rapid social changes are other extra-organizational factors causing stress. Dr Tasweer H Syed

21. Strategies for Managing Stress Stress experienced by the employees in their job has negative impact on their health, performance and their behaviour in the organization. Thus, stress needs to be managed effectively so as to set off these harmful consequences. Strategies for managing stress are as follows- Dr Tasweer H Syed

22. Individual strategies for managing stress The employees should make a “to-do” list daily, prioritize the acts in the list and plan the acts accordingly. Take regular breaks during work to relax you. By effective time management, the employees can achieve their targets timely and can meet work pressures and, thus, avoid stress. Do hard work. Strive to achieve your goals but do not do it to the harm of family, health, or peer. Indulge in physical exercises. It helps in effective blood circulation, keeps you fit, diverts mind from work pressures. Encourage a healthy lifestyle. Take a regular sleep, have plenty of water, have healthy eating habits. Promote relaxation techniques such as yoga, listening music and meditation. The employees should have optimistic approach about their work. They should avoid connections with negative approach employees. Dr Tasweer H Syed

23. Individual strategies for managing stress The employees should have emotional intelligence at workplace. They should have self-awareness, self-confidence and self-control at workplace. The employees should build social support. They should have close connections with trustworthy peer who can listen to their problems and boost their confidence level. This social network will help the employees to overcome stress. Employee counselling is a very good strategy to overcome employee stress. Through counselling , employees can become aware of their strengths and how to develop those strengths; their weaknesses and how to eliminate them; and they can develop strategies for changing their behaviour . Employees are also given career counselling which helps in reducing their ambiguities with regard to career. Find a fun way to release stress, such as, cracking jokes, playing tennis, golf, etc. Do not remain pre-occupied with yourself. Turn your focus outwards. Help others. This will release some stress. Dr Tasweer H Syed

24. Organizational strategies for managing stress Encouraging more of organizational communication with the employees so that there is no role ambiguity/conflict. Effective communication can also change employee views. Managers can use better signs and symbols which are not misinterpreted by the employees. Encourage employees’ participation in decision-making. This will reduce role stress. Grant the employees greater independence, meaningful and timely feedback, and greater responsibility. Dr Tasweer H Syed

25. Organizational strategies for managing stress The organizational goals should be realistic, stimulating and particular. The employees must be given feedback on how well they are heading towards these goals. Encourage  decentralization. Have a fair and just distribution of incentives and salary structure. Promote job rotation and job enrichment. Create a just and safe working environment. Have effective hiring and orientation procedure. Appreciate the employees on accomplishing and over-exceeding their targets. Dr Tasweer H Syed

26. EfFects of Stress Physical Sleep disturbances Headaches Gastrointestinal Raised BP/cardiovascular disease Lack of motivation Difficulty with thought process Loss of memory Poor decision-making Dr Tasweer H Syed Emotional Anxiety and irritability Depression Labile emotions

27. EfFects of Stress Intellectual Loss of concentration Lack of motivation Difficulty with thought process Loss of memory Poor decision-making Dr Tasweer H Syed Behavioural Substance (including alcohol) misuse Decreased libido Inappropriate display of behaviour Isolation Unpunctuality

28. EfFects of Stress Effects on the organisation may include: High absenteeism High labour turnover Poor time keeping Poor performance and productivity Low morale Poor motivation Increased employee complaints Increased ill-health, accidents and incidents reports Dr Tasweer H Syed

29. Discussion Dr Tasweer H Syed