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1. Nursing and health care system

2. Objectives : Define nursing as an art and a science. . Describe the trends in nursing education that specifically relate to the issues of competency development and delivery of care Discuss nursing roles

3. Definitions of Nursing: There are many definitions of nursing. Florence Nightingale defined nursing as : "the act of utilizing the environment of the patient to assist him in his recovery ". ANA definition: nursing is "the diagnosis and treatment of human response to actual and potential health problems ". Nursing is caring. - Nursing is science and art. - Nursing is holistic. - Nursing is adaptive .

4. Scope of Nursing Nurses provide care for three types of clients: 1- Individuals 2- Families 3- Communities Nursing Practice involves four areas: 1- Promoting health and wellness. 2- Preventing illness 3- Restoring health. 4- Care of the dying.

5. THE NURSE's ROLE IN HEALTH CARE SERVICES

6. The contemporary nurse functions in the inter related role as follows

7. CARE GIVER

8. As a care giver, the nurse helps client to regain health through healing process. Nurse addresses the holistic health care needs of the client.

9. She helps the client & families to set goals & meets those goals. She preserves the dignity of the client. She accepts a client as a person , not merely as mechanical beings.

10. ETHICAL DECISION MAKER

11. The nurse uses critical thinking skills throughout the nursing process to provide effective care.

12. Nurse makes decision in collaboration with the client & the family. She also collaborates & consults with other health professionals.

13. CLINICAL ADVOCATE

14. PROTECTOR & ADVOCATE A nurse provides a safe conducive environment to the client. She takes steps to prevent injury to the clients.

15. CASE MANAGER

16. She protects the client from every possible adverse effects of treatment. She asks about any allergy to medicine or food. She provides immunization against disease.

17. She protects client’s human & legal rights & provides assistance in asserting those rights if the need arises.

18. She advocated the client by keeping in mind the client’s religion & culture. Nurse defends the clients right in general way by speaking out against policies that might endanger their well being.

19. MANAGER As a manager, nurse coordinates the activities of other health team members.

20. She manages the nursing care of not only one client but also of families & in communities. She delegates the nursing activities to auxiliary workers & other nurses.

21. REHABILITATOR

22. Rehabilitation is a process by which individuals return to maximal levels of functioning after illness, accidents or other health events. Nurse helps the clients to adapt as fully possible who experiences physical or emotional impairment that change their lives.

23. COMFORTOR

24. The role of a comforter is a traditional & historical one in nursing & has continued to be important as a nurses have assumed new roles.

25. As a comforter, nurse provides comforts to the client by considering him as an individual with unique feelings & needs.

26. She motivates clients to reach therapeutic goals. She promotes comfort to the client by staying near the patient

27. COMMUNICATOR

28. Nursing involves communication with clients & families, other nurses, health care team members, resource persons & the community

29. As a communicator, nurse provides information to other team members about the palled & unplanned nursing care. She conveys information verbally at change of shift.

30. She reports while shifting the client from one unit to the other.

31. TEACHER

32. Teaching refers to the activities by which the teacher helps the learner to learn a teacher. She determines that the client has fully understood.

33. She also evaluates client’s progress in learning. She incorporates other resources such as family ,in teaching plans. Nurse gives health education on diet, about preventive measures of disease.

34. LEADER

35. As a leader, she influences the client to make decisions regarding health.

36. Nursing leadership is defined as a mutual process of interpersonal influence through which nurse helps client in making decisions for establishing & achieving the goals to improve the clients well being.

37. COUNSELLOR

38. Nurse helps the client to recognize & cope with stressful, psychological or social problems. She assists the clients for developing good inter personal relationship.

39. Nurse counsels primary healthy individuals with normal adjustment difficulties. Nurse helps the person to develop new attitudes, feeling & behavoirs.

40. RESEARCHER

41. Nurse investigates problems in order to improve nursing care & expand the scope of nursing practice. She does many qualitative & quantitative researches.

42. Based upon these findings, they practice nursing care in hospital as well as in the community setting.

43. THANK YOU