LECTURE 11-14 IIC CRYOGENICS IN CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY.pptx

CRYOGENICS IN CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY

1. IIC . CRYOGENICS IN CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY utilization &production of low temperature from absolute 0oK to 123ok O2 & N2 form a major portion of cryogenics industry Noble gases (He, Ar , Kr, Xe , Ne) H2 ICBM & Space exploration Phenomena are applied to Computers, gyroscopes, superconductors, nuclear fusion power, etc. Others applications: food & blood preservations marrow, and even human organs, 07/11/19 INORGANIC CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES 1

2. Liquefaction of gases Three ways Exchange of heat with a colder stream Expansion through a throttle valve adiabatically Adiabatic expansion against a piston or in a turbine 07/11/19 INORGANIC CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES 2

3. Linde cycles 07/11/19 INORGANIC CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES 3

4. 07/11/19 INORGANIC CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES 4 Fraction of the gas is expanded in high-speed expander Efficiency of the process decreases due to irreversibilities .

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