Lecture 12- R.E..pptxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

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1. Biomass Conversion Technology By: Saket Singh Lecturer Department Of mechanical engg. Mewar University, Rajasthan

2. Biomass Conversion Biomass conversion technologies transform organic materials into useful energy forms They can be categorized into three main types: thermal, chemical, and biological. Additionally, photosynthesis is a natural process that plays a crucial role in biomass formation.

3. Thermal Technology Technology Process Description Products Combustion Burning biomass to produce heat and electricity. Heat, Electricity Pyrolysis Decomposing biomass at high temperatures without oxygen. Bio-oil, Syngas, Char Gasification Converting biomass into syngas by reacting it at high temperatures with limited oxygen. Syngas (Hydrogen, CO), Biochar Torrefaction Heating biomass at low temperatures without oxygen to improve energy density. Torrefied Biomass

4. Chemical Technology Process Description Products Transesterification Converting fats/oils into biodiesel using an alcohol and a catalyst. Biodiesel, Glycerol Fermentation Using microorganisms to convert sugars into bioethanol. Bioethanol, CO2 Hydrolysis Breaking down carbohydrates into simpler sugars for fermentation. Simple Sugars Hydrogenation Adding hydrogen to biomass-derived compounds. Various chemicals and fuels

5. Biological Technology Process Description Products Anaerobic Digestion Decomposing organic material anaerobically to produce biogas and digestate. Biogas (Methane), Digestate Composting Aerobic decomposition of organic waste to produce compost. Compost Fermentation (again) Microbial conversion of biomass to biofuels like ethanol. Bioethanol, CO2

6. Natural Process Technology Process Description Products Photosynthesis Converting sunlight, CO2, and water into glucose and oxygen. Glucose (Biomass), Oxygen

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