LECTURE 2- ICT AND DEVELOPMENT.ppkkkkkkt

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Lecture 2
Information and Communication Technology for Development (ICT4D)
ICT for Development
ITU07319

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Outline
•Communication
•Technology
•Meaning of ICT
•Meaning of Development

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Communication
•Communication comes from Latin word
communicare-to share
•Sharing of information between sender and
receiver
•A process of exchanging
–Information
–Ideas
–Thoughts
–Feelings
–emotions

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Communication

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Communication Channels
•Face to face conversations
•Telephone calls
•Text messages
•E-mail
•Social media
•Radio
•TV
•Written letters
•Brochures
•Report

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Technology
•A non-human entity
•Technology is both physical and intangible
•Technology applies knowledge
•Technology does something
•

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So what is technology???
Means devices or techniques that
apply knowledge in order to
complete a particular task

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What is the use of Technology?
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Meaning of ICT
•We now know the meaning of
–I-Information
–C-Communication
–T-Technology
•So what is ICT???

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ICT
Devices or techniques that apply
knowledge in order to process or
communicate data

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Meaning of Development
Development can be defined as
bringing about social change that
allows people to achieve their
human potential

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Meaning of Development
•Development should be seen as a way to
–rise the quality of life of the people
–Creation of income
–Creation of employment opportunities
–Sustain resources of the environment
–Increasing peoples’ freedom to choose

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GDP, GNI and HDI
•GDP
•Gross domestic product (GDP) is the total
value of everything produced within a
country's borders
•There are two main ways to measure GDP:
–by measuring spending or
–by measuring income

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GNI
•Gross National Income (GNI) is the total
amount of money earned by a nation's people
and businesses
•It is used to measure and track a nation's
wealth from year to year
•The GNI includes the nation's GDP plus the
income it receives from overseas sources

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HDI
•HDI stands for Human Development Index
•This index is a comparative measure of
poverty, literacy, education, life expectancy,
and other factors for countries worldwide
•The index was developed in 1990 by Mahbub
ul Haq and adopted by the United Nations

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HDI
•The HDI measures the average
achievements in a country in two basic
dimensions of human development:
a)A long and healthy life, as measured by life
expectancy at birth
b)Knowledge, as measured by the adult literacy
rate (with two-thirds weight) and the
combined primary, secondary, and tertiary
gross enrollment ratio (with one-third weight).

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What to do next
•Read the remaining portion of the notes
•Do the review questions on the topic 2 on
Moodle and prepare summary for next week
discussion
•Read the Tanzania Vision 2025 and prepare
your summary for next week presentation

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Any Question???