Lesson 10 Types of stress (word stress)_141121192556.ppt

Types of stress

1. WORD
STRESS
UZSWLU
English Faculty №3
English Language Department of Applied Disciplines №3
2021

2. Understanding Syllables
Every word is made from
syllables.
Each word has one, two, three
or more syllables.

3. Find the numbers of the syllables in the following
words
•dog
•green
•quite
•quiet
•orange
•table
•expensive
•interesting
•realistic
•unexceptional

4. .
word number of
syllables
dog [ dɒɡ] 1
green [ ɡriːn] 1
quite [ kwaɪt] 1
quiet [ˈkwaɪət] 1
orange [ˈɒrɪndʒ] 2
table [teibl] 2
expensive [ ɪkˈspensɪv] 3
interesting[ ˈɪntrəstɪŋ] 3
realistic [ˌriːəˈlɪstɪk] 4
unexceptional[ ˌʌn.ɪkˈsep.ʃən.əl] 5
Notice that (with a few rare exceptions) every
syllable contains at least one vowel(a, e, i, o or u)
or vowel sound.

5. What is Word Stress?
In English, we do not say each syllable with the same
force or strength. In one word, we accentuate ONE
syllable. We say onesyllable
•Higher
•Stronger
•Louder
and all the other syllablesvery quietly.
Let's take 3 words:
Photographphotographerphotographic.

6. shapetotal
syllables
stressed
syllable
PHOTO GRAPH 3 #1
PHO TOGRAPH
ER
4 #2
PHO TO GRAPH
IC
4 #3

7. Why is Word Stress Important?
English speakers use word stress to communicate
rapidly
accurately
even in difficult conditions.

8. This is where they show which syllable is
stressed, usually with an apostrophe (') just
before the stressed syllable.Look at this
example for the word plastic. There are 2
syllables. Syllable #1 is stressed.
example Phonetic spelling of stress in
the dictionary
PLASTIC Oo
/'plæstIk/

9. Rules of Word Stress in English
There are two very simple rules about
word stress:
One word has only one stress
We can only stress vowels, not
consonants.

10. Here are some more, rather complicated, rules that can help
you understand where to put the stress. But do not rely on them
too much, because there are many exceptions. It is better to try
to "feel" the music of the language and to add the stress
naturally.
1 Stress on first syllable
rule example
Most 2-syllable nouns PRESent, EXport, CHIna, TAble
Most 2-syllable adjectivesPRESent, SLENder, CLEVer, HAPpy
2 Stress on last syllable
rule example
Most 2-syllable verbsto preSENT, to exPORT, to deCIDE, to beGIN

11. 3 Stress on penultimate syllable(penultimate = second from end)
rule
example
Words ending in -ic GRAPHic, geoGRAPHic, geoLOGic
Words ending in -sionand -tionteleVIsion, reveLAtion
For a few words, native English speakers don't always
"agree" on where to put the stress. For example, some
people say teleVIsionand others say TELevision.
Another example is: CONtroversyand conTROversy.

12. 4 Stress on ante-penultimate syllable(ante-penultimate = third from end)
rule
example
Words ending in -cy, -ty, -phy
and -gy
deMOcracy, dependaBility, phoTOgraphy,
geOLogy
Words ending in -al CRItical, geoLOGical
5 Compound words(words with two parts)
rule
example
For compound nouns, the stress is on the firstpartBLACKbird, GREENhouse
For compound adjectives, the stress is on the
secondpart
bad-TEMpered, old-
FASHioned
For compound verbs, the stress is on the second
part
to underSTAND, to
overFLOW

13. Word Stress Quiz
1Can you pass me a plas/ticknife?
2I want to take a pho/to/graphyclass.
3Chi/nais the place where I was born.
4I can't de/cidewhich book to borrow.
5Do you un/der/standthis lesson?
6Sparky is a very hap/pypuppy.
7It is cri/ti/calthat you finish your essay.
8My Grandfather wears an old/-fash/ionedcoat.
9There is a lot of traf/ficon the highway today.
plas
to
chi
cide
stand
hap
cri
fash
traf