LESSON 3 PHYSICAL SCIENCE 1: ORGANIC COMPOUND

ORGANIC COMPOUND

1. Lesson 3: Macromolecules: The Building Blocks of Life

2. Objectives: Define intermolecular forces (IMFs). Explain how intermolecular forces differ from intramolecular forces. Predict the type of intermolecular forces in a given molecule or compound based on its structure. Analyze the relationship between molecular polarity and the type of intermolecular force present.

3. What Are Macromolecules? Macromolecules are large, complex molecules essential for life . Types : Four major classes - carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids They perform a wide range of functions, including structural support, energy storage, and information transfer.

4. Carbohydrates Function : Provide energy and structural support. Monomers : Monosaccharides (e.g., glucose, fructose). Polymers : Polysaccharides (e.g., starch, cellulose). Examples : Bread, rice, fruits.

5. Lipids Function : Store energy, form cell membranes, and act as signaling molecules. Types : Fats, phospholipids, steroids. Structure : Hydrophobic molecules composed mainly of carbon and hydrogen. Examples : Oils, butter, cholesterol. Image : Diagram of a phospholipid bilayer.

6. Proteins Function : Catalyze reactions (enzymes), provide structure, transport molecules, and more. Monomers : Amino acids (20 types). Structure Levels : Primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary. Examples : Hemoglobin, keratin. Image : Diagram of an amino acid and a folded protein.

7. Nucleic Acid Function : Store and transmit genetic information. Monomers : Nucleotides (adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine, uracil). Types : DNA and RNA. Examples : Genes, messenger RNA. Image : Double helix structure of DNA.

8. Comparing monomers, polymers, functions, and examples of each type.