LESSON1.2.1 - Fundamentals of Matter.pptx

Basic concepts of Matter

1. GOOD DAY EVERYONE!!

2. What is Matter? Let’s Review! Matter is any thing that occupies space and have mass.

3. Fundamentals of Matter

4. Matter Pure Substance Element Compound Mixture Solute Solution Heterogeneous mixture Homogeneous mixture Solvent Colloid Suspension Classification of Matter Let’s Review!

5. Pure Substance Is matter that has distinct properties and compositions that do not vary from sample to sample. It cannot be separated into two or more substances by physical or chemical means. Examples: Distilled water, table salt, aluminum, cooking oil and diamond It can be classified as elements and compounds .

6. ELEMENTS Elements are the building blocks of matter. They are composed of atoms , which can no longer be broken down by either physical or chemical methods.

7. For convenience, the name of the element is represented by chemical symbols using one or two letters . The first letter is always capitalized , and the second letter is not. Components of the Periodic Table

8. Atomic Structure Electron – negatively charged particles Proton – positively charged particles Neutron – neutrally charged particles

9. Element Origin Symbol Antimony Stibium (Latin) Sb Copper Cuprum (Latin) Cu Gold Aurum (Latin) Au Iron Ferrum (Latin) Fe Lead Plumbum (Latin) Pb Mercury Hydragyrum (Greek) Hg Potassium Kalium (Latin) K Silver Argentum (Latin) Ag Tin Stannum (Latin) Sn Tungsten Wolfram (German) W Sodium Natrium (Latin) Na Elements with Latin and Greek Origins

10. Characteristics of the different types of Elements Metals – are grouped together in the middle to the left-hand side of the periodic table. Here are the characteristics of metals: High density Hard Ductile and malleable Have high melting points Good conductors of heat and electricity Lustrous

11. Nonmetal – is a chemical element that mostly lacks the characteristics of a metal. Here are the characteristics of nonmetal: Low density Brittle Have low melting points Poor conductors of heat and electricity

12. Metalloid- is a type of chemical element which has properties in between, or that are a mixture of, those of metals and nonmetals. Here are the characteristics of metalloids: May conduct heat and electricity and varying points known as semiconductors . Have varied density and melting points Some are shiny

13. COMPOUND Compound is composed of two or more elements that are chemically combined. These compounds will have a new set of properties different from that of the elements.

14. Compounds can be further classified as ORGANIC or INORGANIC . But how do you differentiate these two?

15. Organic compounds are a large class of chemical compounds wherein carbon atoms are covalently linked to atoms of other elements such as oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen. Inorganic compounds deal with those that are not predominantly carbon-based.