Letter from Birmingham Jail Presentation.pdf

Introduction to the selection

1. Letter from Birmingham Jail
Martin Luther King

2. Background on the Author

Martin Luther King Jr. (1929-1968) was a Baptist minister
and civil rights leader
Advocated for nonviolent resistance and civil
disobedience
Key figure in the Civil Rights Movement
Received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964
Assassinated in 1968, but his legacy continues to inspire movements for justice
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=waxW-R_fFSQ

3. Historical Background
-The Civil Rights Movement sought to end racial
segregation and discrimination
-Birmingham, Alabama, was one of the most
segregated cities in the U.S.
-King was arrested during the Birmingham Campaign,
a nonviolent protest against segregation
-The letter was written in response to criticism from
white clergymen who opposed his methods

4. Purpose and Audience

Written to address clergymen but aimed at a broader audience
Persuades readers to support civil rights activism
Justifies civil disobedience

6. Ethos (Credibility)
-King’s credibility as a minister and leader
-References to historical figures
(e.g., Jesus, St. Paul, Abraham Lincoln)
-Use of religious and philosophical reasoning

7. Pathos (Emotional Appeal)

-Vivid imagery of segregation’s impact on
Black Americans
-Personal experiences
(e.g., explaining racism to his daughter)
-Appeals to shared values of justice and morality

8. Logos (Logical Appeal)

-Citing historical and legal precedents
(e.g., unjust vs. just laws)
-Examples from history
(e.g., Boston Tea Party, early Christians)
-Structured argument against waiting for change

9. Call to Action and Conclusion

King’s hope for justice and brotherhood
Encourages nonviolent resistance
Connection to modern civil rights movements

10. Discussion Questions

How does King establish his credibility?
Which emotional appeals are most effective?
How does King use historical allusions to strengthen his argument?
What literary devices enhance the persuasiveness of the letter?
How is King’s message still relevant today?