life cycle assessment of T-shirt.pptx

T-Shirt , life cycle assessment

1. Life Cycle Assessment of T-Shirt Solid Waste Management ENV-350

2. Submitted to: Dr. Gulam Mustafa Submitted by: Rimsha Jamil Registration No: SP18-BES-014 Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS University Islamabad Vehari Campus

3. Table of Contents 05 06 03 04 01 02 Impact on Environment Treatment of disposal t-shirts Life Cycle Assessment Stages of life cycle assessment Background  Fabrics for T- Shirts 07 References

4. T-shirts are durable, versatile garments with mass appeal that may be worn as outerwear or underwear. Since their creation in 1920, T-shirts have evolved into a two-billion-dollar market. T-shirt sleeves may be short or long, capped, yoked, or raglan. Additional features include pockets and decorative trim. Printed shirts may feature political slogans, humor, art, sports, as well as famous people and places. Background

5. The most important things to consider, other than the general properties and qualities of the fabric that points to the use of best yarns, are Thread count and ply and use of the best weaving processes. The shirt is usually made up of; Fine cotton Poplin Twill Linen Flannel Gabardine cotton Oxford fabric Fabrics for T-Shirts

6. Life cycle assessment is a cradle-to-grave or cradle-to-cradle analysis technique to assess environmental impacts associated with all the stages of a product's life. Stages of Life Cycle Assessment There are five major stages of life cycle assessment of a product. Life Cycle Assessment Material Extraction Manufacturing Packaging Transportation Use End of life We take cotton fabric T-Shirt for its life cycle Assessment

7. Raw Material From Raw Cotton to Cotton Fabrics Manufacturing Process Packaging Stages of life cycle assessment Transportation Use Disposal

8. The majority of T-shirts are made of 100% cotton, polyester, or a cotton/polyester blend. 1.Raw Material

9. The fabric usually used in the clothes we wear is produced through two processes: the “spinning process,” where raw cotton is turned into thread, and the “weaving process,” where the thread is woven into fabric. 2.From Raw Cotton to Cotton Fabrics

10. Spinning

11. Mixing and blowing Carding Sliver lap former Combing

12. Drawing Roving Spinning Winding

13. In weaving, the warp thread and weft yarn are crossed over one another in a set method in order to weave the required type of fabric. A machine designed to accomplish this task is called a loom. First, the warp thread and weft yarn are prepared so that they can be set into the loom. Weaving process

14. Warping Sizing Drawing-in Weaving Inspection/ Folding Packing

15. The manufacturing process of t-shirt starts from designing a t-shirt, sourcing of fabrics and ends after selling the t-shirt to retailers. Order Receiving Material Sourcing Material Inspection Pattern Making Cutting of Fabric and Fusing Material Stitching Shirt Finishing Quality Inspection 3.Manufacturing Process

16. After final inspection & garments folding, the garments are poly-packed dozen-wise, color wise, size ratio wise, bundled and packed in the carton. The carton is marked with important information in printed form which is seen from outside the carton easily. Packaging Materials Plastic clip Paper board Wooden Boxes and Crates Butterfly Plastic collar Tag pin Ball head pin Poly bag Inner box Tissue paper Carton Scotch tape 4. Packaging

17. There are four main modes of transportation used in the textile industry: through air travel, by ship, on the road, or by rail. 5. Transportation

18. Once the t-shirt reaches the retail market it is purchased, thus entering into the use phase. But take into consideration the number of times you've washed and dried your favorite t-shirt. However, the average American household does nearly 400 loads of laundry per year, using about 40 gallons of water per full load with a conventional washer. 6. Use phase of T-Shirt

19. The final stage for the t shirt is disposal, which also involves quite a bit of carbon emissions and pollution, but it’s also a stage where you have some control as well. A disposed t shirt will either be incinerated or end up in a landfill- a sad story either way. But old clothes can be donated for future wear or for the fibers to be recycled. 7. Disposal

20. Within there the larger clothing industry, each clothing item contributes its own environmental impacts. T-shirts have a substantial environmental impact due to the fabric they’re made of, their production, and their usage and disposal. Cotton seems to be the dominant fabric for T-shirt production, and as mentioned, cotton contributes greatly to the environmental impact of clothing. As mentioned above, dyeing is an environmentally-taxing part of the production process, and dying T-shirts consumes large amounts of coal, steam, water, and dyes. Finally, characteristic of the clothing industry, many t-shirts each year are disposed of and turned into waste. Impacts on Environment

21. Treatment of disposal shirts Drop them off at an animal rescue 01 Animal shelters are always in need of old garments, fabrics, blankets and even towels to use as beddings for the animals under their care. Old clothes are easier to clean, and there’s no fuss if the animals break them a bit here and there.

22. Treatment of disposal shirts Compost Natural Fabrics 02 Composting means turning organic materials into a matter that feeds back the environment. In our case, composting fabrics such as cotton, wool, and silk, back into the soil. The compost is then used to grow fruits, vegetables, and all sorts of plants. If you’re into gardening, this approach of discarding old clothes could be the most environmentally friendly of all. That said, ensure that the clothes you plan to compost are all-natural. The fabrics must be free from anything synthetic such as spandex or polyester, or it won’t decompose.

23. Treatment of disposal shirts Apparel Recycling Programme 03 Companies like H&M often offer ‘take-back’ programmers designed to help you get rid of old clothes. Once collected, these garments are sent to the nearest recycling plant

24. Treatment of disposal shirts Garage Sale 04 Garage sales are a great way to give away old clothes and make a few bucks while you’re at it. You could also choose to donate the proceeds to local charities – instead of clothes. Either way, it is a worthwhile contribution and exciting process.

25. Treatment of disposal shirts Old Shirt Towels 05 A great alternative to upcycling clothes beyond repair is to reuse them as kitchen towels (instead of paper), to wipe surfaces clean. Cut your shirts up into rectangular pieces and fold them up for future use in the kitchen.

26. References https://evergreendesignco.wordpress.com/2014/04/10/the-life-cycle-of-a-t-shirt https://www.huffpost.com/entry/the-lifecycle-of-a-tshirt_b_887133 https://www.onlineclothingstudy.com/2014/06/shirt-manufacturing-process.html https://www.toyota-industries.com/products/textile/process/ https://www.huffpost.com/entry/20-uses-for-old-t-shirts_n_5a564000e4b03417e8743b68

27. THANKS