Lifestyle diseases - Respiratory diseases

Respiratory diseases

1. Lifestyle Diseases

2. RESPIRATORY DISEASES ●●● 2

3. RESPIRATORY DISEASES Respiratory Diseases: Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) affect the airways and other structures of the lungs. Some of the most common are chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, occupational lung diseases and pulmonary hypertension. The various symptoms of COPD include chronic cough with mucus, wheezing, long-term breathing issues, etc. ●●● 3

4. RESPIRATORY DISEASES Asthma Asthma is a long-term inflammatory lifestyle disease caused because of the narrowing and swelling of the airways. This common chronic disorder leads to shortness of breath, wheezing, prolonged coughing, and chest tightness. ●●● 4

5. RESPIRATORY DISEASES Risk factors: In addition to tobacco smoke, other risk factors include air pollution, occupational chemicals and dusts, and frequent lower respiratory infections during childhood. CRDs are not curable; however, various forms of treatment that help open the air passages and improve shortness of breath can help control symptoms and improve daily  life for people living with these conditions.  ●●● 5

6. RESPIRATORY DISEASES Symptoms: The symptoms of lung disease are relatively few.  Cough is a particularly important sign of all diseases that affect any part of the bronchial tree.  The second most important symptom of lung disease is dyspnea , or shortness of breath. This sensation, of complex origin, may arise acutely, as when a foreign body is inhaled into the trachea, or with the onset of a severe attack of asthma. ●●● 6

7. RESPIRATORY DISEASES Symptoms: Chest pain may be an early symptom of lung disease, but it is most often associated with an attack of pneumonia, in which case it is due to an inflammation of the pleura that follows the onset of the pneumonic process. Pain associated with inflammation of the pleura is characteristically felt when a deep breath is taken. To these major symptoms of lung disease—coughing, dyspnea , and chest pain—may be added several others. ●●● 7

8. RESPIRATORY DISEASES Symptoms: A  wheeziness  in the chest may be heard. This is caused by narrowing of the airways, such as occurs in asthma. Some diseases of the lung are associated with the swelling of the fingertips called “clubbing.” Loss of appetite and loss of weight, a disinclination for physical activity, general psychological depression, and some symptoms apparently unrelated to the lung, such as mild indigestion or headaches, may be diverse indicators of lung disease. ●●● 8

9. RESPIRATORY DISEASES Symptoms: Not infrequently, the patient may feel as one does when convalescent after an attack of influenza. Because the symptoms of lung disease, especially in the early stage, are variable and nonspecific, physical and radiographic examination of the chest are an essential part of the evaluation of persons with these complaints. ●●● 9

10. RESPIRATORY DISEASES Treatment and Prevention: Neither asthma nor chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can be cured but treatment can reduce symptoms, prevent deterioration and improve daily life.   During attacks of breathlessness caused by airway narrowing, inhaled medicines (bronchodilators) can open the airways and relieve symptoms. If untreated, severe attacks can lead to death. ●●● 10

11. RESPIRATORY DISEASES Treatment and Prevention: Appropriate management of asthma with inhaled corticosteroid medicine can control the progression of the disease and reduce deaths. Long-term treatment is required for people with persistent symptoms and exposures which trigger symptoms (e.g. smoke, fumes, dust, grass and tree pollen, animal fur and feathers) should be avoided. ●●● 11

12. RESPIRATORY DISEASES Treatment and Prevention: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is confirmed by a spirometry test, which measures how much and how quickly a person can blow air out of their lungs. Symptoms can be treated through medical and physical treatments; however, with COPD in people who smoke tobacco, the most effective treatment available is to stop smoking. This can slow down the progression of the disease and decrease COPD-related deaths. In specific cases, people may benefit from using inhaled corticosteroid medicines.  ●●● 12