Lingraja temple

ppt on lingraja temple and bacis parts of indian temple.

1. OM INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE AND DESIGN TOPIC :- HINDU TEMPLE SUBMITTED TO : AR. RITU SUBMITTED BY : GIRDHAR ROLL NO. : 1610463001 BRANCH : B.ARCH. 4 TH SEM

2. A hindu temple is a symbolic house, seat and body of god. It is a structure designed to bring human beings and gods together, using symbolism to express the ideas and beliefs of Hinduism. The symbolism and structure of a hindu temple are rooted in Vedic traditions, deploying circles and squares. A temple incorporates all elements of hindu cosmos—presenting the good, the evil and the human, as well as the elements of hindu sense of cyclic time and the essence of life—symbolically presenting dharma, kama , artha , moksha, and karma. In ancient Indian texts, a temple is a place for Tirtha. HINDU TEMPLE

3. The pilgrim( Tirtha ) is welcomed through 64-grid or 81-grid mathematically structured spaces, a network of art, pillars with carvings and statues that display and celebrate the four important and necessary principles of human life – the pursuit of artha (prosperity, wealth), the pursuit of kama (pleasure, sex), the pursuit of dharma (virtues, ethical life) and the pursuit of moksha (release, self-knowledge). HINDU TEMPLE

4. A hindu temple design follows a geometrical design called vastu- purusha -mandala. The name is a composite sanskrit word with three of the most important components of the plan. Mandala means circle, Purusha is universal essence at the core of hindu tradition, while Vastu means the dwelling structure. Vastupurushamandala is a yantra. The design lays out a hindu temple in a symmetrical, self-repeating structure derived from central beliefs, myths, cardinality and mathematical principles HINDU TEMPLE

5. PARTS OF TEMPLE

6. In the hindu temple the mandapa is a porch-like structure through the (gopuram) (ornate gateway) and leading to the temple. It is used for religious dancing and music and is part of the basic temple compound. The prayer hall was generally built in front of the temple's sanctum sanctorum (garbhagriha). A large temple would have many mandapas. If a temple has more than one mandapa, each one is allocated for a different function and given a name to reflect its use. For example, a mandapa dedicated to divine marriage is referred to as a kalyana mandapa . MANDAPA

7. Garbhagriha (sanskrit: गर्भगृह) is the sanctum sanctorum, the innermost sanctum of a hindu temple where resides the murti (idol or icon) of the primary deity of the temple. Literally the word means "womb chamber", from the sanskrit words garbha for womb and griha for house. Generally in Hinduism only 'priests' (pujari) are allowed to enter this chamber. Although the term is often associated with hindu temples, it is also found in Jain and Buddhist temples. GARBHAGRIHA

8. An amalaka, is a segmented or notched stone disk, usually with ridges on the rim, that sits on the top of a hindu temple's shikhara or main tower. According to one interpretation, the amalaka represents a lotus, and thus the symbolic seat for the deity below. Another interpretation is that it symbolizes the sun, and is thus the gateway to the heavenly world. AMALAKA

9. Lingaraja temple is a hindu temple dedicated to Shiva and is one of the oldest temples in Bhubaneswar. The temple is the most prominent landmark of Bhubaneswar city and one of the major tourist attractions of the state. The temple represents the quintessence of the Kalinga architecture and culminating the medieval stages of the architectural tradition at Bhubaneswar. LINGARAJA TEMPLE

10. It is enshrined within a spacious compound wall of laterite measuring 520 ft.. (160 m) by 465 ft.. (142 m). The wall is 7.5 ft.. (2.3 m) thick and surmounted by a plain slant coping. Alongside the inner face of the boundary wall, there is a terrace to protect the compound wall against outside aggression. The tower is 45.11 m (148.0 ft..) High and the complex has 150 smaller shrines in its spacious courtyard. Each inch of the 55 m (180 ft..) Tall tower is sculpted. The door in the gate of the entrance porch is made of sandalwood . LINGARAJA TEMPLE

11. The Lingaraja temple faces east and is built of sandstone and laterite . The main entrance is located in the east, while there are small entrances in the north and south. The temple is built in the deula style that has four components namely, Vimana (structure containing the sanctum), jagamohana (assembly hall), natamandira (festival hall) and bhoga -mandapa (hall of offerings), with all four in axial alignment with descending height. The dance hall was associated with the raising prominence of the devadasi system that existed during the time. The various units from the hall of offering to the tower of the sanctum increase in height. LINGARAJA TEMPLE

12. PLAN OF LINGARAJ TEMPLE BHOGA MANDAPA NATA MANDAPA JAGAMOHANA VIMANA OR REKHA DEULA

13. The bhogamandapa (hall of offering) measures 42 ft.. (13 m)*42 ft.. (13 m) from the inside, 56.25 ft.. (17.15 m)*56.25 ft.. (17.15 m) from the outside and has four doors in each of the sides. The exterior walls of the hall has decorative sculptures of men and beast. The hall has a pyramidal roof made of up several horizontal layers arranged in sets of two with intervening platform. It bears an inverted bell and a kalasa in the top BHOGAMANDAPA

14. The natamandira (festival hall) measures 38 ft. (12 m)*38 ft. (12 m) from the inside, 50 ft. (15 m)*50 ft.. (15 m) from the outside, has one main entrance and two side entrances. The side walls of the hall has decorative sculptures displaying women and couples. It has a flat roof sloping in stages. There are thick pylons inside the hall NATAMANDIRA

15. The jagamohana (assembly hall) measures 35 ft. (11 m)*30 ft. (9.1 m) from the inside, 55 ft. (17 m)*50 ft. (15 m) from the outside, entrances from south and north and has a 30 metres (98 ft.) tall roof. The hall has a pyramidal roof made of up several horizontal layers arranged in sets of two with intervening platform as in the hall of offering. The facade to the entrances are decorated with perforated windows with lion sitting on hind legs . The inverted bell above second unit is adorned by kalasa and lions. JAGAMOHANA

16. The rekha deula has a 60 m (200 ft.) tall pyramidal tower over the sanctum and measures 22 ft. (6.7 m)*22 ft. (6.7 m) from the inside, 52 ft. (16 m)*52 ft. (16 m) from the outside over the sanctum. It is covered with decorative design and seated lion projecting from the walls. The sanctum is square in shape from the inside. The tower walls are sculpted with female figures in different poses. REKHA DEULA

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