Lipoma in surgery it's examination and its investigation

It's about the lipoma examination and investigation and treatment

1. lipoma

2. A lipoma is a non-cancerous (benign) lump which is made up of fat cells. Universal tumour , as it occur anywhere in the body They are usually located in the fatty layer under the skin. Rarely, they are in deeper muscles and organs. It is a round or oval-shaped lump of tissue Histologically , lipomas are composed of mature adipocytes arranged in lobules, surrounded by a fibrous capsule

3. Lipomas move easily when you touch them and feel rubbery, not hard. Most lipomas aren’t painful If a lipoma is bothering you, can remove it They can occur almost anywhere on the body but are most commonly found on the shoulders, arms, back, buttock and thigh.

4. Most lipomas don’t need treatment. If a lipoma is bothering you, your healthcare provider can remove it with an outpatient procedure. Lipomas are very common. About 1 of every 1,000 people has a lipoma . Lipomas appear most often between ages 40 and 60, but they can develop at any age. Lipomas usually range from 1- >10 cm. 

5. SYMPTOMS OF LIPOMA Lipomas aren’t usually painful, but they can be uncomfortable if they press against a nerve or develop near a joint. Many people who have a lipoma don’t notice any symptoms. Lipomas are usually: Encapsulated : They don’t spread to the tissues surrounding them. Painless:  However, some lipomas cause pain and discomfort depending on their location, size and if blood vessels are present. Round or oval-shaped

6. Moveable:  They sit just beneath the skin’s surface and move when you touch them. Smaller than 2 inches in diameter : In a few cases, lipomas can be larger than 6 inches wide. It has a slipping edge

7. DIAGNOSIS AND TESTS Diagnose a lipoma during a physical examination. Touch the lipoma and ask if it’s painful or tender. You may need a biopsy to confirm that the lipoma isn’t cancer. During this procedure, your provider removes a sample of the lipoma and sends it to a lab for testing. 

8. Oftentimes, Lipoma may be mistaken for a cyst. Ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, or computed tomography (CT) scan, These imaging studies help your provider determine if it is a lipoma versus a cyst It can also help identify the lipoma’s location and how deep it is if it has blood vessels and whether it’s pressing against nerves or other tissues.

9. TYPES OF LIPOMAS Anatomical classification: Sub cutananeous Sub fascial Inter muscular Sub periosteal Sub synovial Intra glandular Intra articular Sub mucous Sub serous Extradural Pathological varieties: Fibro lipoma Neuro Lipoms Naevo lipoma

10. COMPLICATION Infection Ulceration Lipo sarcoma Calcification Myxomatous degeneration Intussusception - an abdominal emergency Saponification Malignancy( Lipo sarcoma)- signs of Malignancy: Rapid increase in size, Increases vascularity , Fixity, Pain, Metastasis, Ulceration and Fungation

11. TREATMENT Most lipomas don’t need treatment. Surgical excision- Lipoma removal procedures are safe and effective, and you can usually go home the same day. As an alternative to lipoma surgery, your provider may recommend  liposuction to remove the lipoma . This method , uses a long, thin needle to remove fatty tissue from the growth. Steroid Injections