Liposomes- A Novel Drug Delivery System

An Introduction

1. 10/11/014 1 LIPOSOMES - A Novel Drug Delivery System ANIRBAN SAHA AMITY INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY M.Pharm (Pharmaceutics) Semester- 2 Enrollment No: A10647014005

2. Liposomes are the simple microscopic vesicles in which aqueous layer is enclosed by phospho lipid bilayers that are used to transfer vaccines ,drugs ,enzymes and other substances to targetcells or organs Structually ,liposomes are concentric bilayerd vesicles in which an aqueous volume is entirely enclosed by a membraneous lipid bilayer mainly composed of natural or synthetic phospholipids . Can be produced from cholesterols, non toxic surfactants, sphingolipids , glycolipids, long chain fatty acids and even membrane proteins. INTRODUCTION 10/11/2014 2

3. Structure Of Liposome 10/11/2014 3

4. COMPOSITION 10/11/2014 4 Phospholipids: Dilauryl phosphotidyl choline (DLPC), Dimyristoyl phosphotidyl choline (DMPC), Dipalmitoy phosphotidyl choline (DPPC), Distearoyl phosphotidyl choline (DSPC), Dioleolyl phosphotidyl choline (DOPC), Dilauryl phosphotidyl glycerol (DLPG), Distearoyl phosphotidyl serine (DSPS ). Cholesterol: Act as intercalator with phospholipids molecules. Restrict the confirmational changes of lipids. Membrane stabilizer.

5. ADVANTAGES 10/11/2014 5 Non-toxic. Biodegradable. Non-immunogenic. Lowers systemic toxicity. Targeted delivery. Protection of sensitive drug molecules. Enhance drug solubilisation ( Amphoterecin , Cyclosporins ). Improved pharmacokinetic effects.

6. Leakage of encapsulated drug during storage. Short half-life. Batch to batch variation. Difficult in large scale manufacturing and sterilization. Production cost is high. Once administered, liposomes can not be removed. Some times phospholipids undergoes hydrolysis and oxidation reactions DISADVANTAGES 10/11/2014 6

7. COMMONLY USED PHOSPHOLIPIDS

8.   TYPES 10/11/2014 8

9. BASED ON STRUCTURE 10/11/2014 8

10. BASED ON PREPARATION METHOD 10/11/2014 10

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12. General M ethod Of Liposome Formation All the methods of preparing liposomes involves 3 to 4 steps.

13. PREPARATION METHODS 10/11/2014 13

14. PREPARATION PROCESS 10/11/2014 14

15. Classes of Liposomes CONVENTIONAL LONG CIRCULATING IMMUNO CATIONIC

16. PHARMACOKINETICS - Efficacy And Toxicity Changes the absorbance and bio distribution Deliver drug in desired form Multidrug resistance PROTECTION Decrease harmful side effects Change where drug accumulates in the body Protects drug USES OF LIPOSOMES 10/11/2014 16

17. Lack long term stability (short shelf life) Physical and chemical instability Freeze dry and pH adjustment Low “Pay Load” - Poor E ncapsulation Drugs and drugs without opposite charge Modifications Problems With Liposomal Preparation Of Drugs 10/11/2014 17

18. EXAMPLES 10/11/2014 18

19. Y. Sultana., Liposomal Drug Delivery Systems: An Update Review. , Current Drug Delivery 2007, 4, 297-305. Sharma Shailesh , Sharma Neelam , Kumar Sandeep , Gupta GD., Liposomes: Areview ., Journal of Pharmacy Research 2009, 2(7),1163-1167. Mohammad Riaz ., Liposomes Preparation Methods., Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol.19(1), January 1996, 65-77. MU Uhumwangho and RS Okor ., Current trends in the production and biomedical applications of liposomes: a review ., JMBR June 2005 Vol. 4(1) 9-21. http://www.biopharminternational.com/biopharm/data/articlestandard/biopharm/032002/7278/article.pdf., web, 28.01.2012 http://www.ias.ac.in/jarch/currsci/68/00000742.pdf.,web, 28.01.2012 D.D. Lasic ., Applications of Liposomes., Handbook of Biological Physics., Elsevier Science B.V.., 1995., Vol.1., 1-29 References: 10/11/2014 19

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