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1. Presentation: How long you live depend your lifestyle Done by: Allahyar Haxverdiyev Received: H useynova E smer GROUP : 054İ Lesson: Communicative English

2. DEFINITION OF TERMS Health , as defined by the World Health Organization ,(WHO), is "a state of complete physical , mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity ." Health may be defined as the ability to adapt and manage physical , mental and social challenges throughout life The meaning of health has evolved over time. In keeping with the biomedical perspective, early definitions of health focused on the theme of the body's ability to function; health was seen as a state of normal function that could be disrupted from time to time by disease. 10/19/2024 2

3. LIFE EXPECTANCY Life expectancy is a measure of the length of life expected to be lived by an individual at birth. Life expectancy at birth is the average number of years that would be lived by babies born in a given time period if mortality levels at each age remain constant . ….at age 65 is the average number of remaining years of life that a person aged 65 will have if mortality levels at each age over 65 remain constant. Healthy life expectancy at birth is an estimate of the average number of years babies born this year would live in a state of ‘ good’ general health if mortality levels at each age, and the level of good health at each age, remain constant in the future . 10/19/2024 3

4. COST OF LIVING Is defined as the amount of money needed to sustain a certain level of living , including basic expenses such as housing, food, taxes and health care . Cost of living is often used to compare how expensive it is to live in one city versus another environment. Cost of living is tied to wages, as salary levels are measured against expenses required to maintain a basic standard of living throughout specific geographic regions. According to economics, it is defined as monetary cost of maintaining a particular standard of living, usually measured by calculating the average cost of a number of specific goods and services required by a particular group. The goods and services used as indexes may be the minimum necessary to preserve health or may be what is considered average for a given income group, depending on the purposes of the index. 10/19/2024 4

5. FACTORS AFFECTING LIFE EXPECTANCY NOIPolls , a country-specific polling service in the West African region, Nigeria’s life expectancy at birth as at 2015 stood at 53 for males and 56 for females, making it one of the lowest rankings in the world . 10/19/2024 5

6. According to data from World Health rankings put together by the World Health Organization, WHO, World Bank and the UNFPA: Nigeria’s life expectancy by age at birth is 53.4 for males and 55.6 (female), per 100,000 population Males and females are rated 177th in the world. At age 25 , a Nigerian’s life expectancy is 64.3 (male) and 65.9 (female), rated 174th and 178th respectively. At age 50 , life expectancy for males is 70.8 ( 176th ) and 71.9 for females ( 181st ). Between independence in 1960 and 2015, Nigeria’s average life expectancy rose from 38.7 to 54.5. 10/19/2024 6

7. TOP TEN COUNTRIES WITH HIGH LIFE EXPECTANCY COUNTRY AND REGIONS BOTH SEXES RANK BOTH SEXES LIFE EXPECTANCY FEMALE RANK FEMALE LIFE EXPECTANCY MALE RANK MALE LIFE EXPECTANCY  JAPAN 1 83.7 1 86.8 6 80.5   SWITZERLAND 2 83.4 6 85.3 1 81.3  SINGAPORE 3 83.1 2 86.1 10 80.0  AUSTRALIA 4 82.8 7 84.8 3 80.9  SPAIN 4 82.8 3 85.5 9 80.1  ICELAND 6 82.7 10 84.1 2 81.2  ITALY 6 82.7 7 84.8 6 80.5  ISRAEL 8 82.5 9 84.3 5 80.6  SWEDEN 9 82.4 12 84.0 4 80.7  FRANCE 9 82.4 5 85.4 16 79.4 10/19/2024 7

8. TOP TEN COUNTRIES WITH LOW LIFE EXPECTANCY COUNTRY AND REGIONS BOTH SEXES RANK BOTH SEXES LIFE EXPECTANCY FEMALE RANK FEMALE LIFE EXPECTANCY MALE RANK MALE LIFE EXPECTANCY  SOUTH SUDAN 174 57.3 173 58.6 173 56.1  CAMEROON 174 57.3 173 58.6 174 55.9  SOMALIA 176 55.0 176 56.6 176 53.5  NIGERIA 177 54.5 177 55.6 177 53.4  LESOTHO 178 53.7 178 55.4 179 51.7  COTE D'IVOIRE 179 53.3 180 54.4 178 52.3  CHAD 180 53.1 179 54.5 179 51.7  CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC 181 52.5 181 54.1 181 50.9  ANGOLA 182 52.4 182 54.0 181 50.9  SIERRA LEONE 183 50.1 183 50.8 183 49.3 10/19/2024 8

9. COMPARING LIFE EXPECTANCY IN AFRICA REGIONS COUNTRY MALE FEMALE BOTH SEXES RANK NORTHERN AFRICA EGYPT 68.8 73.2 107 EASTERN AFRICA RWANDA 60.9 71.1 134 SOUTHERN AFRICA SOUTH AFRICA 59.3 66.2 151 WESTERN AFRICA NIGERIA 53.4 55.6 177 MIDDLE AFRICA ANGOLA 50.9 54.0 182 10/19/2024 9

10. Famines , personal behaviours such as excessive smoking and lack of physical activity as factors that limit life expectancy in Nigeria and Africa. “The level of education also seems to affect the life expectancy in any given region of the world. It is said that high literacy rates are associated with improved life expectancy. Education is believed to augment labour market productivity and income growth. 10/19/2024 10

11. COST OF LIVING IN NIGERIA The living standard of any individual depends directly/indirectly on the generated income over a specific period of time. Average Nigeria civil servant depends on ₦18,000 minimum wage approved by the federal government. While some people receive as little as ₦8,000 monthly to cater for their needs. Is this enough to take care of their basic needs? 10/19/2024 11

12. RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THESE ELEMENTS 10/19/2024 12

13. Healthy Social Life: specific tips One tip sums it all: Connectivity Volunteer or get a part-time job Engage in conversations with others Visit or invite friends and relatives Take a continuing education class or join a senior center Studies* show lack of social connectedness leads to: Increase stress Hardening of arteries and inflammation of body Diminished brain function, learning and memory 13 * Source: Research conducted by John Cacioppo , a University of Chicago social psychologist and neuroscientist who studies the biological effects of social isolation. 10/19/2024

14. Healthy finances: specific tips Save and invest for growth Consider products that offer a guaranteed income Invest in products with potential to provide tax-efficient, inflation-adjusted returns or incomes….Dividend Funds Managed programs or lifecycle funds Set aside a portion of your savings for additional costs and purchase long-term Healthcare insurance 10/19/2024

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