LM324N CLP.pdf

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Community AnIMPORTANTNOTICEattheendofthisdatasheetaddressesavailability,warranty,changes,useinsafety-criticalapplications,
intellectualpropertymattersandotherimportantdisclaimers.PRODUCTION DATA.
LM124-N,LM224-N
LM2902-N,LM324-N
SNOSC16D–MARCH2000–REVISEDJANUARY2015
LMx24-N,LM2902-NLow-Power,Quad-OperationalAmplifiers
1
1Features
1•InternallyFrequencyCompensatedforUnityGain
•LargeDCVoltageGain100dB
•WideBandwidth(UnityGain)1MHz
(TemperatureCompensated)
•WidePowerSupplyRange:
–SingleSupply3Vto32V
–orDualSupplies±1.5Vto±16V
•VeryLowSupplyCurrentDrain(700μA)
—EssentiallyIndependentofSupplyVoltage
•LowInputBiasingCurrent45nA
(TemperatureCompensated)
•LowInputOffsetVoltage2mV
andOffsetCurrent:5nA
•InputCommon-ModeVoltageRangeIncludes
Ground
•DifferentialInputVoltageRangeEqualtothe
PowerSupplyVoltage
•LargeOutputVoltageSwing0VtoV
+
−1.5V
•Advantages:
–EliminatesNeedforDualSupplies
–FourInternallyCompensatedOpAmpsina
SinglePackage
–AllowsDirectSensingNearGNDandV
OUT
alsoGoestoGND
–CompatibleWithAllFormsofLogic
–PowerDrainSuitableforBatteryOperation
–IntheLinearModetheInputCommon-Mode,
VoltageRangeIncludesGroundandthe
OutputVoltage
–CanSwingtoGround,EvenThoughOperated
fromOnlyaSinglePowerSupplyVoltage
–UnityGainCrossFrequencyisTemperature
Compensated
–InputBiasCurrentisAlsoTemperature
Compensated
2Applications
•TransducerAmplifiers
•DCGainBlocks
•ConventionalOpAmpCircuits
3Description
TheLM124-Nseriesconsistsoffourindependent,
high-gain,internallyfrequencycompensated
operationalamplifiersdesignedtooperatefroma
singlepowersupplyoverawiderangeofvoltages.
Operationfromsplit-powersuppliesisalsopossible
andthelow-powersupplycurrentdrainis
independentofthemagnitudeofthepowersupply
voltage.
Applicationareasincludetransduceramplifiers,DC
gainblocksandalltheconventionalopampcircuits
whichnowcanbemoreeasilyimplementedinsingle
powersupplysystems.Forexample,theLM124-N
seriescandirectlyoperateoffofthestandard5-V
powersupplyvoltagewhichisusedindigitalsystems
andeasilyprovidestherequiredinterfaceelectronics
withoutrequiringtheadditional±15Vpowersupplies.
DeviceInformation
(1)
PARTNUMBER PACKAGE BODYSIZE(NOM)
LM124-N
CDIP(14) 19.56mm×6.67mm
LM224-N
LM324-N
CDIP(14) 19.56mm×6.67mm
PDIP(14) 19.177mm×6.35mm
SOIC(14) 8.65mm×3.91mm
TSSOP(14) 5.00mm×4.40mm
LM2902-N
PDIP(14) 19.177mm×6.35mm
SOIC(14) 8.65mm×3.91mm
TSSOP(14) 5.00mm×4.40mm
(1)Forallavailablepackages,seetheorderableaddendumat
theendofthedatasheet.
SchematicDiagram

2. 2
LM124-N,LM224-N
LM2902-N,LM324-N
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TableofContents
1Features..................................................................1
2Applications...........................................................1
3Description.............................................................1
4RevisionHistory.....................................................2
5PinConfigurationandFunctions.........................3
6Specifications.........................................................4
6.1AbsoluteMaximumRatings......................................4
6.2ESDRatings..............................................................4
6.3RecommendedOperatingConditions.......................4
6.4ThermalInformation..................................................5
6.5ElectricalCharacteristics:LM124A/224A/324A........5
6.6ElectricalCharacteristics:LM124-N/224-N/324-
N/2902-N...................................................................6
6.7TypicalCharacteristics..............................................8
7DetailedDescription............................................11
7.1Overview.................................................................11
7.2FunctionalBlockDiagram.......................................11
7.3FeatureDescription.................................................11
7.4DeviceFunctionalModes........................................11
8ApplicationandImplementation........................13
8.1ApplicationInformation............................................13
8.2TypicalApplications...............................................13
9PowerSupplyRecommendations......................23
10Layout...................................................................23
10.1LayoutGuidelines.................................................23
10.2LayoutExample....................................................23
11DeviceandDocumentationSupport.................24
11.1RelatedLinks........................................................24
11.2Trademarks...........................................................24
11.3ElectrostaticDischargeCaution............................24
11.4Glossary................................................................24
12Mechanical,Packaging,andOrderable
Information...........................................................24
4RevisionHistory
ChangesfromRevisionC(November2012)toRevisionD Page
•AddedPinConfigurationandFunctionssection,ESDRatingstable,FeatureDescriptionsection,DeviceFunctional
Modes,ApplicationandImplementationsection,PowerSupplyRecommendationssection,Layoutsection,Device
andDocumentationSupportsection,andMechanical,Packaging,andOrderableInformationsection...............................1

3. 3
LM124-N,LM224-N
LM2902-N,LM324-N
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5PinConfigurationandFunctions
JPackage
14-PinCDIP
TopView
DPackage
14-PinSOIC
TopView
PinFunctions
PIN
TYPE DESCRIPTION
NAME NO.
OUTPUT1 1 O Output,Channel1
INPUT1- 2 I InvertingInput,Channel1
INPUT1+ 3 I NoninvertingInput,Channel1
V+ 4 P PositiveSupplyVoltage
INPUT2+ 5 I NonnvertingInput,Channel2
INPUT2- 6 I InvertingInput,Channel2
OUTPUT2 7 O Output,Channel2
OUTPUT3 8 O Output,Channel3
INPUT3- 9 I InvertingInput,Channel3
INPUT3+ 10 I NoninvertingInput,Channel3
GND 11 P GroundorNegativeSupplyVoltage
INPUT4+ 12 I NoninvertingInput,Channel4
INPUT4- 13 I InvertingInput,Channel4
OUTPUT4 14 O Output,Channel4

4. 4
LM124-N,LM224-N
LM2902-N,LM324-N
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(1)RefertoRETS124AXforLM124AmilitaryspecificationsandrefertoRETS124XforLM124-Nmilitaryspecifications.
(2)IfMilitary/Aerospacespecifieddevicesarerequired,pleasecontacttheTexasInstrumentsSalesOffice/Distributorsforavailabilityand
specifications.
(3)Thisinputcurrentwillonlyexistwhenthevoltageatanyoftheinputleadsisdrivennegative.Itisduetothecollector-basejunctionof
theinputPNPtransistorsbecomingforwardbiasedandtherebyactingasinputdiodeclamps.Inadditiontothisdiodeaction,thereis
alsolateralNPNparasitictransistoractionontheICchip.Thistransistoractioncancausetheoutputvoltagesoftheopampstogoto
theV
+
voltagelevel(ortogroundforalargeoverdrive)forthetimedurationthataninputisdrivennegative.Thisisnotdestructiveand
normaloutputstateswillre-establishwhentheinputvoltage,whichwasnegative,againreturnstoavaluegreaterthan−0.3V(at25°C).
(4)Foroperatingathightemperatures,theLM324-N/LM324A/LM2902-Nmustbederatedbasedona125°Cmaximumjunction
temperatureandathermalresistanceof88°C/Wwhichappliesforthedevicesolderedinaprintedcircuitboard,operatinginastillair
ambient.TheLM224-N/LM224AandLM124-N/LM124Acanbederatedbasedona150°Cmaximumjunctiontemperature.The
dissipationisthetotalofallfouramplifiers—useexternalresistors,wherepossible,toallowtheamplifiertosaturateoftoreducethe
powerwhichisdissipatedintheintegratedcircuit.
(5)ShortcircuitsfromtheoutputtoV
+
cancauseexcessiveheatingandeventualdestruction.Whenconsideringshortcircuitstoground,
themaximumoutputcurrentisapproximately40mAindependentofthemagnitudeofV
+
.Atvaluesofsupplyvoltageinexcessof15V,
continuousshort-circuitscanexceedthepowerdissipationratingsandcauseeventualdestruction.Destructivedissipationcanresult
fromsimultaneousshortsonallamplifiers.
6Specifications
6.1AbsoluteMaximumRatings
See
(1)(2)
.
LM124-N/LM224-N/LM324-N
LM124A/LM224A/LM324A
LM2902-N
MIN MAX MIN MAX UNIT
SupplyVoltage,V
+
32 26 V
DifferentialInputVoltage 32 26 V
InputVoltage −0.3 32 −0.3 26 V
InputCurrent(V
IN<−0.3V)
(3)
50 50 mA
Power
Dissipation
(4)
PDIP 1130 1130 mW
CDIP 1260 1260 mW
SOICPackage 800 800 mW
OutputShort-CircuittoGND
(OneAmplifier)
(5) V
+
≤15VandT
A=25°C Continuous Continuous
LeadTemperature(Soldering,10seconds) 260 260 °C
Soldering
Information
Dual-In-Line
Package
Soldering(10seconds) 260 260 °C
Small
Outline
Package
VaporPhase(60seconds) 215 215 °C
Infrared(15seconds) 220 220 °C
Storagetemperature,T
stg –65 150 –65 150 °C
(1)JEDECdocumentJEP155statesthat500-VHBMallowssafemanufacturingwithastandardESDcontrolprocess.
6.2ESDRatings
VALUE UNIT
V
(ESD)Electrostaticdischarge Human-bodymodel(HBM),perANSI/ESDA/JEDECJS-001
(1)
±250 V
6.3RecommendedOperatingConditions
overoperatingfree-airtemperaturerange(unlessotherwisenoted)
MIN MAX UNIT
SupplyVoltage(V
+
-V
-
):LM124-N/LM124A/LM224-N/LM224A/LM324-N/LM324A 3 32 V
SupplyVoltage(V
+
-V
-
):LM2902-N 3 26 V
OperatingInputVoltageonInputpins 0 V+ V
Operatingjunctiontemperature,T
J:LM124-N/LM124A -55 125 °C
Operatingjunctiontemperature,T
J:L2902-N -40 85 °C
Operatingjunctiontemperature,T
J:LM224-N/LM224A -25 85 °C
Operatingjunctiontemperature,T
J:LM324-N/LM324A 0 70 °C

5. 5
LM124-N,LM224-N
LM2902-N,LM324-N
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(1)Formoreinformationabouttraditionalandnewthermalmetrics,seetheICPackageThermalMetricsapplicationreport,SPRA953.
6.4ThermalInformation
THERMALMETRIC
(1)
LM124-N/
LM224-N
LM324-N/
LM2902-N
UNIT
J/CDIP D/SOIC
14PINS 14PINS
R
θJA Junction-to-ambientthermalresistance 88 88 °C/W
(1)Thesespecificationsarelimitedto−55°C≤T
A≤+125°CfortheLM124-N/LM124A.WiththeLM224-N/LM224A,alltemperature
specificationsarelimitedto−25°C≤T
A≤+85°C,theLM324-N/LM324Atemperaturespecificationsarelimitedto0°C≤T
A≤+70°C,and
theLM2902-Nspecificationsarelimitedto−40°C≤T
A≤+85°C.
(2)V
O≃1.4V,R
S=0ΩwithV
+
from5Vto30V;andoverthefullinputcommon-moderange(0VtoV
+
−1.5V)forLM2902-N,V
+
from5
Vto26V.
(3)ThedirectionoftheinputcurrentisoutoftheICduetothePNPinputstage.Thiscurrentisessentiallyconstant,independentofthe
stateoftheoutputsonoloadingchangeexistsontheinputlines.
(4)Theinputcommon-modevoltageofeitherinputsignalvoltageshouldnotbeallowedtogonegativebymorethan0.3V(at25°C).The
upperendofthecommon-modevoltagerangeisV
+
−1.5V(at25°C),buteitherorbothinputscangoto32Vwithoutdamage(26Vfor
LM2902-N),independentofthemagnitudeofV
+
.
(5)Duetoproximityofexternalcomponents,insurethatcouplingisnotoriginatingviastraycapacitancebetweentheseexternalparts.This
typicallycanbedetectedasthistypeofcapacitanceincreasesathigherfrequencies.
(6)ShortcircuitsfromtheoutputtoV
+
cancauseexcessiveheatingandeventualdestruction.Whenconsideringshortcircuitstoground,
themaximumoutputcurrentisapproximately40mAindependentofthemagnitudeofV
+
.Atvaluesofsupplyvoltageinexcessof15V,
continuousshort-circuitscanexceedthepowerdissipationratingsandcauseeventualdestruction.Destructivedissipationcanresult
fromsimultaneousshortsonallamplifiers.
6.5ElectricalCharacteristics:LM124A/224A/324A
V
+
=5.0V,
(1)
,unlessotherwisestated
PARAMETER TESTCONDITIONS
LM124A LM224A LM324A
UNIT
MINTYP MAX MIN TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX
InputOffsetVoltage T
A=25°C
(2)
1 2 1 3 2 3 mV
InputBiasCurrent
(3) I
IN(+)orI
IN(−),V
CM=0V,
T
A=25°C
20 50 40 80 45 100 nA
InputOffsetCurrent
I
IN(+)orI
IN(−),V
CM=0V,
T
A=25°C
2 10 2 15 5 30 nA
InputCommon-Mode
VoltageRange
(4)
V
+
=30V,(LM2902-N,
V
+
=26V),T
A=25°C
0 V
+
−1.5 0 V
+
−1.5 0 V
+
−1.5 V
SupplyCurrent
OverFullTemperatureRange,
R
L=∞OnAllOpAmps
V
+
=30V(LM2902-NV
+
=26V)
1.5 3 1.5 3 1.5 3
mA
V
+
=5V 0.7 1.2 0.7 1.2 0.7 1.2
LargeSignal
VoltageGain
V
+
=15V,R
L≥2kΩ,
(V
O=1Vto11V),T
A=25°C
50100 50 100 25 100 V/mV
Common-Mode
RejectionRatio
DC,V
CM=0VtoV
+
−1.5V,
T
A=25°C
70 85 70 85 65 85 dB
PowerSupply
RejectionRatio
V
+
=5Vto30V,(LM2902-N,
V
+
=5Vto26V),
T
A=25°C
65100 65 100 65 100 dB
Amplifier-to-Amplifier
Coupling
(5)
f=1kHzto20kHz,T
A=25°C,
(InputReferred)
−120 −120 −120 dB
Output
Current
Source
V
IN
+
=1V,V
IN
−
=0V,
V
+
=15V,V
O=2V,T
A=25°C
20 40 20 40 20 40 mA
Sink
V
IN
−
=1V,V
IN
+
=0V,
V
+
=15V,V
O=2V,T
A=25°C
10 20 10 20 10 20
μA
V
IN
−
=1V,V
IN
+
=0V,
V
+
=15V,V
O=200mV,T
A=25°C
12 50 12 50 12 50
ShortCircuittoGround
V
+
=15V,
T
A=25°C
(6)
40 60 40 60 40 60 mA
InputOffsetVoltage See
(2)
4 4 5 mV
V
OSDrift R
S=0Ω 7 20 7 20 7 30μV/°C
InputOffsetCurrent I
IN(+)−I
IN(−),V
CM=0V 30 30 75 nA

6. 6
LM124-N,LM224-N
LM2902-N,LM324-N
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ElectricalCharacteristics:LM124A/224A/324A(continued)
V
+
=5.0V,
(1)
,unlessotherwisestated
PARAMETER TESTCONDITIONS
LM124A LM224A LM324A
UNIT
MINTYP MAX MIN TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX
I
OSDrift R
S=0Ω 10 200 10 200 10 300pA/°C
InputBiasCurrent I
IN(+)orI
IN(−) 40 100 40 100 40 200 nA
InputCommon-Mode
VoltageRange
(4)
V
+
=30V,
(LM2902-N,V
+
=26V)
0 V
+
−2 0 V
+
−2 0 V
+
−2 V
LargeSignal
VoltageGain
V
+
=15V(V
OSwing=1Vto11V),
R
L≥2kΩ
25 25 15 V/mV
Output
Voltage
Swing
V
OH
V
+
=30V
(LM2902-N,
V
+
=26V)
R
L=2kΩ 26 26 26
V
R
L=10kΩ 27 28 27 28 27 28
V
OL V
+
=5V,R
L=10kΩ 5 20 5 20 5 20 mV
Output
Current
Source
V
O=2V
V
IN
+
=+1V,
V
IN
−
=0V,
V
+
=15V
10 20 10 20 10 20
mA
Sink
V
IN
−
=+1V,
V
IN
+
=0V,
V
+
=15V
10 15 5 8 5 8
(1)Thesespecificationsarelimitedto−55°C≤T
A≤+125°CfortheLM124-N/LM124A.WiththeLM224-N/LM224A,alltemperature
specificationsarelimitedto−25°C≤T
A≤+85°C,theLM324-N/LM324Atemperaturespecificationsarelimitedto0°C≤T
A≤+70°C,and
theLM2902-Nspecificationsarelimitedto−40°C≤T
A≤+85°C.
(2)V
O≃1.4V,R
S=0ΩwithV
+
from5Vto30V;andoverthefullinputcommon-moderange(0VtoV
+
−1.5V)forLM2902-N,V
+
from5
Vto26V.
(3)ThedirectionoftheinputcurrentisoutoftheICduetothePNPinputstage.Thiscurrentisessentiallyconstant,independentofthe
stateoftheoutputsonoloadingchangeexistsontheinputlines.
(4)Theinputcommon-modevoltageofeitherinputsignalvoltageshouldnotbeallowedtogonegativebymorethan0.3V(at25°C).The
upperendofthecommon-modevoltagerangeisV
+
−1.5V(at25°C),buteitherorbothinputscangoto32Vwithoutdamage(26Vfor
LM2902-N),independentofthemagnitudeofV
+
.
(5)Duetoproximityofexternalcomponents,insurethatcouplingisnotoriginatingviastraycapacitancebetweentheseexternalparts.This
typicallycanbedetectedasthistypeofcapacitanceincreasesathigherfrequencies.
6.6ElectricalCharacteristics:LM124-N/224-N/324-N/2902-N
V
+
=+5.0V,
(1)
,unlessotherwisestated
PARAMETER TESTCONDITIONS
LM124-N/LM224-N LM324-N LM2902-N
UNIT
MINTYPMAX MINTYPMAX MINTYPMAX
InputOffsetVoltage T
A=25°C
(2)
2 5 2 7 2 7 mV
InputBiasCurrent
(3)
I
IN(+)orI
IN(−),V
CM=0V,T
A=25°C 45 150 45 250 45 250 nA
InputOffsetCurrent I
IN(+)orI
IN(−),V
CM=0V,T
A=25°C 3 30 5 50 5 50 nA
InputCommon-ModeVoltage
Range
(4)
V
+
=30V,(LM2902-N,V
+
=26V),
T
A=25°C
0
V
+
−1.
5
0
V
+
−1.
5
0
V
+
−1.
5
V
SupplyCurrent
OverFullTemperatureRange
R
L=∞OnAllOpAmps,
V
+
=30V(LM2902-NV
+
=26V)
1.5 3 1.5 3 1.5 3
mA
V
+
=5V 0.7 1.2 0.7 1.2 0.7 1.2
LargeSignalVoltageGain
V
+
=15V,R
L≥2kΩ,
(V
O=1Vto11V),T
A=25°C
50 100 25 100 25 100 V/mV
Common-ModeRejection
Ratio
DC,V
CM=0VtoV
+
−1.5V,T
A=25°C 70 85 65 85 50 70 dB
PowerSupplyRejectionRatio
V
+
=5Vto30V(LM2902-N,
V
+
=5Vto26V),T
A=25°C
65 100 65 100 50 100 dB
Amplifier-to-Amplifier
Coupling
(5)
f=1kHzto20kHz,T
A=25°C
(InputReferred)
−120 −120 −120 dB

7. 7
LM124-N,LM224-N
LM2902-N,LM324-N
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ElectricalCharacteristics:LM124-N/224-N/324-N/2902-N(continued)
V
+
=+5.0V,
(1)
,unlessotherwisestated
PARAMETER TESTCONDITIONS
LM124-N/LM224-N LM324-N LM2902-N
UNIT
MINTYPMAX MINTYPMAX MINTYPMAX
(6)ShortcircuitsfromtheoutputtoV
+
cancauseexcessiveheatingandeventualdestruction.Whenconsideringshortcircuitstoground,
themaximumoutputcurrentisapproximately40mAindependentofthemagnitudeofV
+
.Atvaluesofsupplyvoltageinexcessof15V,
continuousshort-circuitscanexceedthepowerdissipationratingsandcauseeventualdestruction.Destructivedissipationcanresult
fromsimultaneousshortsonallamplifiers.
Output
Current
Source
V
IN
+
=1V,V
IN
−
=0V,
V
+
=15V,V
O=2V,T
A=25°C
20 40 20 40 20 40 mA
Sink
V
IN
−
=1V,V
IN
+
=0V,
V
+
=15V,V
O=2V,T
A=25°C
10 20 10 20 10 20 mA
V
IN
−
=1V,V
IN
+
=0V,
V
+
=15V,V
O=200mV,T
A=25°C
12 50 12 50 12 50 µA
ShortCircuittoGround V
+
=15V,T
A=25°C
(6)
40 60 40 60 40 60 mA
InputOffsetVoltage See
(2)
7 9 10 mV
V
OSDrift R
S=0Ω 7 7 7 µV/°C
InputOffsetCurrent I
IN(+)−I
IN(−),V
CM=0V 100 150 45 200 nA
I
OSDrift R
S=0Ω 10 10 10 pA/°C
InputBiasCurrent I
IN(+)orI
IN(−) 40 300 40 500 40 500 nA
InputCommon-ModeVoltage
Range
(4) V
+
=30V,(LM2902-N,V
+
=26V) 0 V
+
−2 0 V
+
−2 0 V
+
−2 V
LargeSignalVoltageGain
V
+
=15V(V
OSwing=1Vto11V),
R
L≥2kΩ
25 15 15 V/mV
Output
Voltage
Swing
V
OH
V
+
=30V(LM2902-N,
V
+
=26V)
R
L=2kΩ 26 26 22
V
R
L=10kΩ 27 28 27 28 23 24
V
OL V
+
=5V,R
L=10kΩ 5 20 5 20 5100 mV
Output
Current
Source V
O=2V
V
IN
+
=1V,
V
IN
−
=0V,
V
+
=15V
10 20 10 20 10 20 mA
Sink
V
IN
−
=1V,
V
IN
+
=0V,
V
+
=15V
5 8 5 8 5 8 mA

8. 8
LM124-N,LM224-N
LM2902-N,LM324-N
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6.7TypicalCharacteristics
Figure1.InputVoltageRange Figure2.InputCurrent
Figure3.SupplyCurrent Figure4.VoltageGain
Figure5.Open-LoopFrequencyResponse
Figure6.CommonModeRejectionRatio

9. 9
LM124-N,LM224-N
LM2902-N,LM324-N
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TypicalCharacteristics(continued)
Figure7.VoltageFollowerPulseResponse
Figure8.VoltageFollowerPulseResponse(SmallSignal)
Figure9.LargeSignalFrequencyResponse Figure10.OutputCharacteristicsCurrentSourcing
Figure11.OutputCharacteristicsCurrentSinking Figure12.CurrentLimiting

10. 10
LM124-N,LM224-N
LM2902-N,LM324-N
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TypicalCharacteristics(continued)
Figure13.InputCurrent(LM2902-NOnly) Figure14.VoltageGain(LM2902-NOnly)

11. 11
LM124-N,LM224-N
LM2902-N,LM324-N
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7DetailedDescription
7.1Overview
TheLM124-Nseriesareopampswhichoperatewithonlyasinglepowersupplyvoltage,havetrue-differential
inputs,andremaininthelinearmodewithaninputcommon-modevoltageof0V
DC.Theseamplifiersoperate
overawiderangeofpowersupplyvoltagewithlittlechangeinperformancecharacteristics.At25°Camplifier
operationispossibledowntoaminimumsupplyvoltageof2.3V
DC.
7.2FunctionalBlockDiagram
7.3FeatureDescription
TheLM124providesacompellingbalanceofperformanceversuscurrentconsumption.The700μAofsupply
currentdrawoverthewideoperatingconditionswitha1-MHzgain-bandwidthandtemperaturecompensated
biascurrentsmakestheLM124aneffectivesolutionforlargevarietyofapplications.Theinputoffsetvoltageof2
mVandoffsetcurrentof5nA,alongwiththe45n-Abiascurrentacrossawidesupplyvoltagemeansasingle
designcanbeusedinalargenumberofdifferentimplementations.
7.4DeviceFunctionalModes
Largedifferentialinputvoltagescanbeeasilyaccommodatedand,asinputdifferentialvoltageprotectiondiodes
arenotneeded,nolargeinputcurrentsresultfromlargedifferentialinputvoltages.Thedifferentialinputvoltage
maybelargerthanV
+
withoutdamagingthedevice.Protectionshouldbeprovidedtopreventtheinputvoltages
fromgoingnegativemorethan−0.3V
DC(at25°C).AninputclampdiodewitharesistortotheICinputterminal
canbeused.
Toreducethepowersupplydrain,theamplifiershaveaclassAoutputstageforsmallsignallevelswhich
convertstoclassBinalargesignalmode.Thisallowstheamplifierstobothsourceandsinklargeoutput
currents.ThereforebothNPNandPNPexternalcurrentboosttransistorscanbeusedtoextendthepower
capabilityofthebasicamplifiers.Theoutputvoltageneedstoraiseapproximately1diodedropabovegroundto
biastheon-chipverticalPNPtransistorforoutputcurrentsinkingapplications.
Foracapplications,wheretheloadiscapacitivelycoupledtotheoutputoftheamplifier,aresistorshouldbe
used,fromtheoutputoftheamplifiertogroundtoincreasetheclassAbiascurrentandpreventcrossover
distortion.
Wheretheloadisdirectlycoupled,asindcapplications,thereisnocrossoverdistortion.
Capacitiveloadswhichareapplieddirectlytotheoutputoftheamplifierreducetheloopstabilitymargin.Values
of50pFcanbeaccommodatedusingtheworst-casenon-invertingunitygainconnection.Largeclosedloop
gainsorresistiveisolationshouldbeusediflargerloadcapacitancemustbedrivenbytheamplifier.

12. 12
LM124-N,LM224-N
LM2902-N,LM324-N
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DeviceFunctionalModes(continued)
ThebiasnetworkoftheLM124-Nestablishesadraincurrentwhichisindependentofthemagnitudeofthepower
supplyvoltageovertherangeoffrom3V
DCto30V
DC.
Outputshortcircuitseithertogroundortothepositivepowersupplyshouldbeofshorttimeduration.Unitscan
bedestroyed,notasaresultoftheshortcircuitcurrentcausingmetalfusing,butratherduetothelargeincrease
inICchipdissipationwhichwillcauseeventualfailureduetoexcessivejunctiontemperatures.Puttingdirect
short-circuitsonmorethanoneamplifieratatimewillincreasethetotalICpowerdissipationtodestructive
levels,ifnotproperlyprotectedwithexternaldissipationlimitingresistorsinserieswiththeoutputleadsofthe
amplifiers.Thelargervalueofoutputsourcecurrentwhichisavailableat25°Cprovidesalargeroutputcurrent
capabilityatelevatedtemperatures(seeTypicalCharacteristics)thanastandardICopamp.

13. 13
LM124-N,LM224-N
LM2902-N,LM324-N
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8ApplicationandImplementation
NOTE
InformationinthefollowingapplicationssectionsisnotpartoftheTIcomponent
specification,andTIdoesnotwarrantitsaccuracyorcompleteness.TI’scustomersare
responsiblefordeterminingsuitabilityofcomponentsfortheirpurposes.Customersshould
validateandtesttheirdesignimplementationtoconfirmsystemfunctionality.
8.1ApplicationInformation
TheLM124seriesofamplifiersisspecifiedforoperationfrom3Vto32V(±1.5Vto±16V).Manyofthe
specificationsapplyfrom–40°Cto125°C.Parametersthatcanexhibitsignificantvariancewithregardsto
operatingvoltageortemperaturearepresentedinTypicalCharacteristics.
8.2TypicalApplications
Figure15emphasizesoperationononlyasinglepowersupplyvoltage.Ifcomplementarypowersuppliesare
available,allofthestandardopampcircuitscanbeused.Ingeneral,introducingapseudo-ground(abias
voltagereferenceofV
+
/2)willallowoperationaboveandbelowthisvalueinsinglepowersupplysystems.Many
applicationcircuitsareshownwhichtakeadvantageofthewideinputcommon-modevoltagerangewhich
includesground.Inmostcases,inputbiasingisnotrequiredandinputvoltageswhichrangetogroundcaneasily
beaccommodated.
8.2.1Non-InvertingDCGain(0VInput=0VOutput)
*RnotneededduetotemperatureindependentI
IN
Figure15.Non-InvertingAmplifierwithG=100
8.2.1.1DesignRequirements
Forthisexampleapplication,therequiredsignalgainisanon-inverting100x±5%withasupplyvoltageof5V.
8.2.1.2DetailedDesignProcedure
Usingtheequationforanon-invertinggainconfiguration,Av=1+R2/R1.SettingtheR1to10kΩ,R2is99times
largerthanR1,whichis990kΩ.A1MΩismorereadilyavailable,andprovidesagainof101,whichiswithinthe
desiredspecification.
Thegain-frequencycharacteristicoftheamplifieranditsfeedbacknetworkmustbesuchthatoscillationdoesnot
occur.Tomeetthiscondition,thephaseshiftthroughamplifierandfeedbacknetworkmustneverexceed180°
foranyfrequencywherethegainoftheamplifieranditsfeedbacknetworkisgreaterthanunity.Inpractical
applications,thephaseshiftshouldnotapproach180°sincethisisthesituationofconditionalstability.Obviously
themostcriticalcaseoccurswhentheattenuationofthefeedbacknetworkiszero.

14. 14
LM124-N,LM224-N
LM2902-N,LM324-N
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TypicalApplications(continued)
8.2.1.3ApplicationCurve
Figure16.Non-InvertingAmplifiedResponseCurve

15. 15
LM124-N,LM224-N
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TypicalApplications(continued)
8.2.2OtherApplicationCircuitsatV
+
=5.0V
DC
Where:V
0=V
1+V
2−V
3−V
4
(V
1+V
2)≥(V
3+V
4)tokeepV
O>0V
DC
Where:V
0=0V
DCforV
IN=0V
DC
A
V=10
Figure17.DCSummingAmplifier
(V
IN'S≥0V
DCAndV
O≥V
DC)
Figure18.PowerAmplifier
f
o=1kHz Q=50 A
V=100(40dB)
Figure19.LEDDriver Figure20.“BI-QUAD”RCActiveBandpassFilter

16. 16
LM124-N,LM224-N
LM2902-N,LM324-N
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TypicalApplications(continued)
Figure21.FixedCurrentSources
*(IncreaseR1forI
Lsmall)
Figure22.LampDriver Figure23.CurrentMonitor
Figure24.DrivingTTL Figure25.VoltageFollower

17. 17
LM124-N,LM224-N
LM2902-N,LM324-N
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TypicalApplications(continued)
Figure26.PulseGenerator Figure27.SquarewaveOscillator
I
O=1amp/voltV
IN(IncreaseR
EforI
osmall)
Figure28.PulseGenerator Figure29.HighComplianceCurrentSink

18. 18
LM124-N,LM224-N
LM2902-N,LM324-N
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TypicalApplications(continued)
Figure30.LowDriftPeakDetector Figure31.ComparatorWithHysteresis
V
O=V
R
*Widecontrolvoltagerange:
0V
DC≤V
C≤2(V
+
−1.5V
DC)
Figure32.GroundReferencingaDifferentialInput
Signal
Figure33.VoltageControlledOscillatorCircuit

19. 19
LM124-N,LM224-N
LM2902-N,LM324-N
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TypicalApplications(continued)
Q=1 A
V=2
Figure34.PhotoVoltaic-CellAmplifier Figure35.DCCoupledLow-PassRCActiveFilter
Figure36.ACCoupledInvertingAmplifier
Figure37.ACCoupledNon-InvertingAmplifier

20. 20
LM124-N,LM224-N
LM2902-N,LM324-N
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TypicalApplications(continued)
Figure38.HighInputZ,DCDifferentialAmplifier
Figure39.HighInputZAdjustable-GainDCInstrumentationAmplifier

21. 21
LM124-N,LM224-N
LM2902-N,LM324-N
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TypicalApplications(continued)
Figure40.BridgeCurrentAmplifier
Figure41.UsingSymmetricalAmplifierstoReduceInputCurrent(GeneralConcept)

22. 22
LM124-N,LM224-N
LM2902-N,LM324-N
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TypicalApplications(continued)
f
O=1kHz Q=25
Figure42.BandpassActiveFilter

23. 1: VOUTA 14: VOUTD
13: IN-D
12: IN+D
11: GND
10: IN+C
9: IN-C
8: VOUTC
2: IN-A
3: IN+A
4: V+
5: IN+B
6: IN-B
7: VOUTB
2
GND
2
GND
2
GND
2
GND
2
VOUTA
2
VOUTB
2
VOUTC
2
VOUTD
2
IN+B
2
IN+A 2
IN+D
2
IN+C
1
GND
2
V+
1
IN-A
1
IN-A
1
IN-D
1
IN-D
1
IN-C
1
IN-C
1
IN-B
1
IN-B
1
VINA
1
VINB
1
VIND
1
VINC
GND GND
GND
GND
GND GND
V+
IN+A
IN+B
IN-B
IN-A
IN+C VINC
IN-C
IN+D
IN-D
VOUTB VOUTC
VOUTA VOUTD
VOUTA
VOUTD
VINC
VIND
GNDGND
GND
VINC 23
LM124-N,LM224-N
LM2902-N,LM324-N
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9PowerSupplyRecommendations
ThepinoutsofthepackagehavebeendesignedtosimplifyPCboardlayouts.Invertinginputsareadjacentto
outputsforalloftheamplifiersandtheoutputshavealsobeenplacedatthecornersofthepackage(pins1,7,8,
and14).
Precautionsshouldbetakentoinsurethatthepowersupplyfortheintegratedcircuitneverbecomesreversedin
polarityorthattheunitisnotinadvertentlyinstalledbackwardsinatestsocketasanunlimitedcurrentsurge
throughtheresultingforwarddiodewithintheICcouldcausefusingoftheinternalconductorsandresultina
destroyedunit.
10Layout
10.1LayoutGuidelines
TheV+pinshouldbebypassedtogroundwithalow-ESRcapacitor.TheoptimumplacementisclosesttotheV
+andgroundpins.
TakecaretominimizetheloopareaformedbythebypasscapacitorconnectionbetweenV+andground.
ThegroundpinshouldbeconnectedtothePCBgroundplaneatthepinofthedevice.
Thefeedbackcomponentsshouldbeplacedasclosetothedeviceaspossibleminimizingstrays.
10.2LayoutExample
Figure43.LayoutExample

24. 24
LM124-N,LM224-N
LM2902-N,LM324-N
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11DeviceandDocumentationSupport
11.1RelatedLinks
Thetablebelowlistsquickaccesslinks.Categoriesincludetechnicaldocuments,supportandcommunity
resources,toolsandsoftware,andquickaccesstosampleorbuy.
Table1.RelatedLinks
PARTS PRODUCTFOLDER SAMPLE&BUY
TECHNICAL
DOCUMENTS
TOOLS&
SOFTWARE
SUPPORT&
COMMUNITY
LM124-N Clickhere Clickhere Clickhere Clickhere Clickhere
LM224-N Clickhere Clickhere Clickhere Clickhere Clickhere
LM2902-N Clickhere Clickhere Clickhere Clickhere Clickhere
LM324-N Clickhere Clickhere Clickhere Clickhere Clickhere
11.2Trademarks
Alltrademarksarethepropertyoftheirrespectiveowners.
11.3ElectrostaticDischargeCaution
Thesedeviceshavelimitedbuilt-inESDprotection.Theleadsshouldbeshortedtogetherorthedeviceplacedinconductivefoam
duringstorageorhandlingtopreventelectrostaticdamagetotheMOSgates.
11.4Glossary
SLYZ022—TIGlossary.
Thisglossarylistsandexplainsterms,acronyms,anddefinitions.
12Mechanical,Packaging,andOrderableInformation
Thefollowingpagesincludemechanical,packaging,andorderableinformation.Thisinformationisthemost
currentdataavailableforthedesignateddevices.Thisdataissubjecttochangewithoutnoticeandrevisionof
thisdocument.Forbrowser-basedversionsofthisdatasheet,refertotheleft-handnavigation.

25. PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com 25-May-2019
Addendum-Page 1
PACKAGING INFORMATION
Orderable Device Status
(1)
Package TypePackage
Drawing
PinsPackage
Qty
Eco Plan
(2)
Lead/Ball Finish
(6)
MSL Peak Temp
(3)
Op Temp (°C) Device Marking
(4/5)
Samples
LM124AJ/PB ACTIVE CDIP J 14 25 TBD Call TI Call TI -55 to 125 LM124AJ
LM124J/PB ACTIVE CDIP J 14 25 TBD Call TI Call TI -55 to 125 LM124J
LM224J ACTIVE CDIP J 14 25 TBD Call TI Call TI -25 to 85 LM224J
LM2902M NRND SOIC D 14 55 TBD Call TI Call TI -40 to 85 LM2902M
LM2902M/NOPB ACTIVE SOIC D 14 55 Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN | Call TI Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 85 LM2902M
LM2902MT NRND TSSOP PW 14 94 TBD Call TI Call TI -40 to 85 LM290
2MT
LM2902MT/NOPB ACTIVE TSSOP PW 14 94 Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 85 LM290
2MT
LM2902MTX/NOPB ACTIVE TSSOP PW 14 2500Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 85 LM290
2MT
LM2902MX NRND SOIC D 14 2500 TBD Call TI Call TI -40 to 85 LM2902M
LM2902MX/NOPB ACTIVE SOIC D 14 2500Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN | Call TI Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 85 LM2902M
LM2902N/NOPB ACTIVE PDIP NFF 14 25 Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN Level-1-NA-UNLIM -40 to 85 LM2902N
LM324AM NRND SOIC D 14 55 TBD Call TI Call TI 0 to 70 LM324AM
LM324AM/NOPB ACTIVE SOIC D 14 55 Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN | Call TI Level-1-260C-UNLIM 0 to 70 LM324AM
LM324AMX NRND SOIC D 14 2500 TBD Call TI Call TI 0 to 70 LM324AM
LM324AMX/NOPB ACTIVE SOIC D 14 2500Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN | Call TI Level-1-260C-UNLIM 0 to 70 LM324AM
LM324AN/NOPB ACTIVE PDIP NFF 14 25 Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN Level-1-NA-UNLIM 0 to 70 LM324AN
LM324M NRND SOIC D 14 55 TBD Call TI Call TI 0 to 70 LM324M
LM324M/NOPB ACTIVE SOIC D 14 55 Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN | Call TI Level-1-260C-UNLIM 0 to 70 LM324M
LM324MT/NOPB ACTIVE TSSOP PW 14 94 Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN Level-1-260C-UNLIM 0 to 70 LM324
MT
LM324MTX/NOPB ACTIVE TSSOP PW 14 2500Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN Level-1-260C-UNLIM 0 to 70 LM324
MT

26. PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com 25-May-2019
Addendum-Page 2
Orderable Device Status
(1)
Package TypePackage
Drawing
PinsPackage
Qty
Eco Plan
(2)
Lead/Ball Finish
(6)
MSL Peak Temp
(3)
Op Temp (°C) Device Marking
(4/5)
Samples
LM324MX NRND SOIC D 14 2500 TBD Call TI Call TI 0 to 70 LM324M
LM324MX/NOPB ACTIVE SOIC D 14 2500Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN | Call TI Level-1-260C-UNLIM 0 to 70 LM324M
LM324N/NOPB ACTIVE PDIP NFF 14 25 Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN Level-1-NA-UNLIM 0 to 70 LM324N

(1)
The marketing status values are defined as follows:
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design.
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.

(2)
RoHS: TI defines "RoHS" to mean semiconductor products that are compliant with the current EU RoHS requirements for all 10 RoHS substances, including the requirement that RoHS substance
do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, "RoHS" products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. TI may
reference these types of products as "Pb-Free".
RoHS Exempt: TI defines "RoHS Exempt" to mean products that contain lead but are compliant with EU RoHS pursuant to a specific EU RoHS exemption.
Green: TI defines "Green" to mean the content of Chlorine (Cl) and Bromine (Br) based flame retardants meet JS709B low halogen requirements of <=1000ppm threshold. Antimony trioxide based
flame retardants must also meet the <=1000ppm threshold requirement.

(3)
MSL, Peak Temp. - The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature.

(4)
There may be additional marking, which relates to the logo, the lot trace code information, or the environmental category on the device.

(5)
Multiple Device Markings will be inside parentheses. Only one Device Marking contained in parentheses and separated by a "~" will appear on a device. If a line is indented then it is a continuation
of the previous line and the two combined represent the entire Device Marking for that device.

(6)
Lead/Ball Finish - Orderable Devices may have multiple material finish options. Finish options are separated by a vertical ruled line. Lead/Ball Finish values may wrap to two lines if the finish
value exceeds the maximum column width.

Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information
provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and
continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals.
TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release.

In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis.

27. PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com 25-May-2019
Addendum-Page 3

OTHER QUALIFIED VERSIONS OF LM124-N, LM2902-N :
•
Automotive: LM2902-Q1
•
Enhanced Product: LM2902-EP
•
Space: LM124-SP

NOTE: Qualified Version Definitions:
•
Automotive - Q100 devices qualified for high-reliability automotive applications targeting zero defects
•
Enhanced Product - Supports Defense, Aerospace and Medical Applications
•
Space - Radiation tolerant, ceramic packaging and qualified for use in Space-based application

28. TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION
*All dimensions are nominal
Device Package
Type
Package
Drawing
PinsSPQ Reel
Diameter
(mm)
Reel
Width
W1 (mm)
A0
(mm)
B0
(mm)
K0
(mm)
P1
(mm)
W
(mm)
Pin1
Quadrant
LM2902MTX/NOPB TSSOP PW 14 2500 330.0 12.4 6.955.6 1.6 8.012.0 Q1
LM2902MX SOIC D 14 2500 330.0 16.4 6.59.352.3 8.016.0 Q1
LM2902MX/NOPB SOIC D 14 2500 330.0 16.4 6.59.352.3 8.016.0 Q1
LM324AMX SOIC D 14 2500 330.0 16.4 6.59.352.3 8.016.0 Q1
LM324AMX/NOPB SOIC D 14 2500 330.0 16.4 6.59.352.3 8.016.0 Q1
LM324MTX/NOPB TSSOP PW 14 2500 330.0 12.4 6.955.6 1.6 8.012.0 Q1
LM324MX SOIC D 14 2500 330.0 16.4 6.59.352.3 8.016.0 Q1
LM324MX/NOPB SOIC D 14 2500 330.0 16.4 6.59.352.3 8.016.0 Q1
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
www.ti.com 29-Sep-2019
Pack Materials-Page 1

29. *All dimensions are nominal
Device Package Type Package DrawingPins SPQ Length (mm)Width (mm)Height (mm)
LM2902MTX/NOPB TSSOP PW 14 2500 367.0 367.0 35.0
LM2902MX SOIC D 14 2500 367.0 367.0 35.0
LM2902MX/NOPB SOIC D 14 2500 367.0 367.0 35.0
LM324AMX SOIC D 14 2500 367.0 367.0 35.0
LM324AMX/NOPB SOIC D 14 2500 367.0 367.0 35.0
LM324MTX/NOPB TSSOP PW 14 2500 367.0 367.0 35.0
LM324MX SOIC D 14 2500 367.0 367.0 35.0
LM324MX/NOPB SOIC D 14 2500 367.0 367.0 35.0
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
www.ti.com 29-Sep-2019
Pack Materials-Page 2

31. www.ti.com
PACKAGE OUTLINE
C
14X .008-.014
[0.2-0.36]
TYP
-150
AT GAGE PLANE
-.314.308
-7.977.83[ ]
14X -.026.014
-0.660.36[ ]
14X -.065.045
-1.651.15[ ]
.2 MAX TYP
[5.08]
.13 MIN TYP [3.3]
TYP-.060.015
-1.520.38[ ]
4X .005 MIN
[0.13]
12X .100
[2.54]
.015 GAGE PLANE [0.38]
A
-.785.754
-19.9419.15[ ]
B -.283.245
-7.196.22[ ]
CDIP - 5.08 mm max heightJ0014A
CERAMIC DUAL IN LINE PACKAGE
4214771/A 05/2017
NOTES: 1. All controlling linear dimensions are in inches. Dimensions in brackets are in millimeters. Any dimension in brackets or parenthesis are for reference only. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ASME Y14.5M. 2. This drawing is subject to change without notice. 3. This package is hermitically sealed with a ceramic lid using glass frit. 4. Index point is provided on cap for terminal identification only and on press ceramic glass frit seal only. 5. Falls within MIL-STD-1835 and GDIP1-T14.
7 8
14
1
PIN 1 ID
(OPTIONAL)
SCALE 0.900
SEATING PLANE
.010 [0.25] C A B

32. www.ti.com
EXAMPLE BOARD LAYOUT
ALL AROUND
[0.05]
MAX.002
.002 MAX
[0.05]
ALL AROUND
SOLDER MASK
OPENING
METAL
(.063)
[1.6]
(R.002 ) TYP
[0.05]
14X (.039) [1]
(.063) [1.6]
12X (.100 )
[2.54]
(.300 ) TYP
[7.62]
CDIP - 5.08 mm max heightJ0014A
CERAMIC DUAL IN LINE PACKAGE
4214771/A 05/2017
LAND PATTERN EXAMPLE
NON-SOLDER MASK DEFINED
SCALE: 5X
SEE DETAIL A
SEE DETAIL B
SYMM
SYMM
1
7 8
14
DETAIL A
SCALE: 15X
SOLDER MASK OPENING
METAL
DETAIL B
13X, SCALE: 15X

37. MECHANICAL DATA
N0014A
www.ti.com
N14A (Rev G)

38. IMPORTANT NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER
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