Local anesthesia in paediatric patients 1.pdf

Local anaesthesia in paediatric patients

1. LOCAL ANESTHESIA AND
PAIN CONTROL FOR CHILDREN
LEC 1

2. LOCAL ANESTHESIA
Alossofsensationinacircumscribedareaofthebodycausedbya
depressionofexcitationinnerveendings(withoutlossofconsciousness)
or/aninhibitionoftheconductionprocessinperipheralnerves.
isoneofthemostimportantaspectsofbehavioralmanagementin
childrenundergoingdentaltreatment.Unpleasantchildhoodexperiences
havemademanyadultsacutelyphobicwithregardtodentaltreatment.
Pain control

3. IDEAL REQUIREMENTS OF ACCEPTABLE L.A.
potency sufficient
free allergic reactions.
stable in solutionreadily undergo biotransformation
sterilized.

4. low degree of local toxicity.
notirritating to the tissue.
not permanent alteration of nerve structure.
low degree of systemic toxicity
possess versatility (tissue/mucous membranes).
a rapid onset.
11-It should be sufficient duration to be advantageous.

5. STRUCTURE OF LOCAL ANESTHETICS
lipophilic aromatic
hydrophilic amine
ester or amide

6. MODE OF ACTION OF LOCAL ANESTHETICS
basic resting potential
threshold potential
Decreasing depolarization.
Prolonging repolarization.

7. COMPOSITION OF LOCAL ANESTHETIC SOLUTION

8. TOPICAL ANESTHETICS
reducetheslightdiscomfort
2-3mmdepthsurfacetissue

9. gel,liquid,ointment,spray.
difficulttodirect
spraystasteunpleasant excesssalivation
limittheamount
•Theactiveagent greaterconcentrationtopicalanesthesia
•Systemic quickerindamagedtissue
Forms of topical anesthesia

10. Indications of topical anesthesia
Someintra-oralprocedures extractionofmobile
primaryteeth
rubberdamclamp.
Teethingpain.
Diagnosticradiographs
aphthousulcers infectious
ulcerativemouthconditions gingivostomatitis,ulcerativepharyngitis,
hand-foot-andmouthdisease.
discomfortofdentalscaling

11. Demerits of T.A.
disagreeable taste
The additional time apprehensive
Application of T.A.
Duringtheapplicationofthetopicalanesthetic,the
dentistshouldpreparethechildforinjection.The
explanationshouldnotnecessarilybeadetailed
descriptionbutsimplyanindicationthatthetoothis
goingtobeputtosleepsothatthetreatmentcan
proceedwithoutdiscomfort.

12. Topical Anesthetic Agents
• Lidocaine.
• Benzocaine.

13. **Hypnosis an adjunct to LA in
children pulse rate the
incidence of crying
young children.
PHYSICAL PAIN CONTROL
**Some lasers have the potential to produce L.A. like
dental hard tissue can be removed painlessly by such
devices).

14. ** Electronic Dental Anesthesia
administration soft tissue anesthesia.
needle phobics.
eliminating local anesthetic
chronic pain and acute pain.
No drug
Disadvantages:-

15. Contraindications
2-Neurological disorders.
3-Pregnancy.
4-Very young pediatric patients.

16. Thank you