Locomotor-Disability-and-Rehabilitation- An Overview.ppt

Locomotor disability and basic rehabilitation involve in it

1. Locomotor Disability and
Rehabilitation -An
overview
“Your abilities define your
path, not your limitations—
rise, thrive, and conquer
every dream!”
Prof.Navinderpal Singh
Principal, Jammu College Of Physiotherapy

2. Understanding Locomotor Disability
Locomotor disability refers to limitations in movement
and mobility. This can include difficulty walking, standing,
or using one's limbs effectively. It can be caused by
various factors, including injury, illness, and genetic
conditions.
The severity of locomotor disability varies greatly,
ranging from minor limitations to complete paralysis. It
impacts individuals' daily lives and requires specialized
interventions for optimal well-being.

3. Causes of Locomotor Disability
Injury
Traumatic injuries, such as spinal
cord injuries, bone fractures, and
nerve damage, can result in
locomotor disability. This can be
caused by accidents, falls, or
sports injuries.
Illness
Chronic illnesses, including
stroke, multiple sclerosis,
cerebral palsy, and muscular
dystrophy, can significantly
impact mobility and movement,
leading to locomotor disability.
Genetic Conditions
Certain genetic conditions, such
as spina bifida and
arthrogryposis, muscular
dystrophy can affect the
development of the
musculoskeletal system,
resulting in locomotor disability.
Congenital Abnormalities
Birth defects, such as clubfoot
and hip dysplasia, phocomelia
can also lead to locomotor
disabilities, requiring early
interventions to manage these
conditions.

4. Types of Locomotor
Disability
Paralytic
Damage to the spinal cord
can cause paralysis and loss
of sensation below the level
of injury.
Congenital
A disorder affecting muscle
movement and coordination,
often present at birth or
during early childhood.
Deformities
Due to group of disorders
characterized by progressive
muscle weakness,
degeneration and bony
abnormalities
Amputation
The loss of a limb, which can
be caused by trauma, illness,
or congenital conditions.

5. Impact on Daily Life
Mobility
Difficulty with walking,
standing, and
navigating
environments.
Employment
Challenges finding
accessible workplaces and
accommodations.
Socialization
Potential for social
isolation due to
inaccessible environments.
Mental Health
Increased risk of
depression and anxiety
due to physical limitations.
Economic Impact
Increase financial
burden on Family

6. Disability Rehabilitation
Rehabilitation is a continuous process in which team of professionals work together to
help patient recover from his present state of illness to a state of maximum independence
by means of Medical, Physical,Social, Psychological and Vocational Rehabilitation.

7. Principles of Rehabilitation
1
Focus on maximizing functional independence,
empowering individuals to participate in daily
activities.
2
Involve a multidisciplinary team of professionals,
including physicians ,surgeons, therapists and social
workers.
3
Address physical, psychological, and social needs,
ensuring a holistic approach to rehabilitation.
4
Promote individual goals and aspirations, considering
the individual's specific needs and desires.

8. Rehabilitation Team

9. Role of the Multidisciplinary Team
Collaborative Care
Physicians, nurses, therapists, and other
professionals work together.
Holistic Approach
Address physical, psychological, and
social aspects of the patient's needs.
Support Networks
Include NGO and other social groups
Create supportive networks for patients
and their families.

10. Types of Rehabilitation
Care
Delivery System

11. Challenges in Rehabilitation Delivery
System
Shortage of Skills Professionals
Limited Accessibility
Financial Barriers
Social Stigma and Discrimination
Inconsistent quality of services

12. Therapy Interventions
1
Physical Therapy
Strength training, balance exercises, and gait retraining to improve mobility.
2
Occupational Therapy
Activities of daily living, adaptive strategies, and
assistive device training to enhance independence.

13. Objectives of
Physiotherapy in
Locomotor Disability
1 Restore Function
Improve mobility, strength,
balance, and coordination.
2Reduce Pain
Address pain and discomfort
associated with locomotor
impairment.
3 Enhance Quality of Life
Increase independence, participation in daily activities, and overall
well-being.

14. Assessment and Evaluation of Locomotor Disability
Medical History
Gather information on diagnosis,
medical history, and medications.
Physical Examination
Assess range of motion, strength,
balance, gait, and pain levels.
Functional Assessments
Evaluate daily activities, mobility, and
participation in society.

15. Principles of Physiotherapy Intervention
1
Individualized Care
Tailor treatment plans to each patient's needs and goals.
2
Gradual Progression
Start with simple exercises and gradually increase intensity and
complexity.
3
Patient Education
Empower patients with knowledge to manage their
condition effectively.

16. Therapeutic Modalities in
Rehabilitation
Heat Therapy
Warmth can reduce pain and inflammation.
Cold Therapy
Cold can decrease pain and swelling.
Manual Therapy
Hands-on techniques for soft tissue mobilization.
HydrotherapyElectrotherapy

17. Strengthening and
Conditioning Exercises
Resistance Training
Use weights, bands, or
bodyweight to improve muscle
strength and endurance.
Functional Exercises
Focus on movements used in
daily activities, like walking,
stair climbing, and dressing.
Balance and Coordination Training
Improve stability and reduce risk of falls.

18. Gait Training and Mobility Aids
Assistive Devices
Use canes, walkers, or crutches, wheel chair to improve
stability and mobility.
Gait Training
Practice walking with proper form and use of assistive
devices.
Adaptations
Modify home for barrier free and safe environment for safe
and independent movement.

19. Challenges and Barriers in Rehabilitation
1
Pain
Chronic pain can hinder participation in therapy.
2
Motivation
Lack of motivation can lead to reduced engagement.
3
Financial Constraints
Cost of therapy and assistive devices can be a barrier.

20. Importance of Patient
Engagement and Goal-Setting
1
Active Participation
Encourage patients to be active participants in their recovery.
2
Shared Goals
Develop realistic and achievable goals together.
3
Progress Monitoring
Regularly review progress and adjust goals as needed.

21. Assistive Devices
Wheelchairs
Provide mobility for individuals unable to walk, offering
independence and access to various environments.
Crutches and Walkers
Aid in walking and provide stability for individuals
with temporary or permanent mobility
impairments.
Prosthetics
Artificial limbs designed to restore function and
improve mobility for individuals with amputations.
Adaptive Equipment
Specialized tools and modifications to everyday
objects that enhance independence and
accessibility.

22. Psychological and Social Support
1
Counseling
Addressing emotional challenges and promoting mental well-being.
2
Support Groups
Connecting with others who understand the challenges of disability.
3
Family Involvement
Providing education and resources for family members
to support their loved ones.

23. Vocational Training
Process which enables individuals with locomotor disability to achieve
financial independence, access employment and lead fulfilling life.

24. Community Integration
1
Accessibility
Creating accessible environments,
transportation, and facilities.
2
Employment
Promoting employment
opportunities and removing
barriers to workplace inclusion.
3
Education
Ensuring access to quality
education for individuals with
disabilities.
4
Social Participation
Encouraging participation in
recreational activities, social
gatherings, and community events.

25. "Together, let's break barriers and build bridges,
be determined and step forward towards a
brighter and inclusive future!"