LPG GAS PPT.for architecture studentspdf

lpg gas introduction

1. LPG (LIQIFIED PETROLIUM GAS)
ADVANCED SERVICES

2. Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) is a flammable fuel commonly used in heating and cooking
equipment. It is a hydrocarbon gas which exists in a liquid form and is supplied in two ways;
Propane and Butane.
As a natural by-product of gas and oil extraction, LPG is a much more environmentally
friendly fuel type. It is also known that liquified petroleum gas produces 33% less CO2 than
coal and is the lowest carbon conventional fuel available to domestic and commercial
customers without access to mains gas.
LPG is recovered wet natural gas .
WHAT IS LPG ?
PROPANE C3H8 BUTANE C4H10

3. WHAT IS LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS?
Liquified petroleum gas (LPG) is a fuel providing energy that can be
found in our everyday life as it is used in many household
appliances for cooking, heating, and hot water.
It is called liquefied gas because it is easily transformed into a
liquid.
LPG needs only low pressure or refrigeration to change it into liquid
from its gaseous state.
As a gas, LPG expands to 270 times its volume as a liquid.
Therefore, it’s only logical that LPG is stored and transferred as a
liquid, under pressure, in a gas bottle (e.g. propane tanks). LPG
turns back into gas vapor when you release some of the pressure in
the gas bottle by turning on your gas appliance.
Almost all of the uses for LPG involve the use of the gas vapor, not
the liquefied gas. The LPG gas is ignited and burned to provide heat
energy for various applications.

4. LIQIUD FEOM
REGULATER
ON
PRESSURE IS RELEASED
VAPOUR FORM
STOVE BURNER
PROCESS OF LPG APPLICATION

5. WHERE ITS COME FROM ?
1.LPG is really just a name for theusual cooking gasyou know. It
is an acronym that means Liquefied Petroleum Gas, so you
need not worry about it being some big term you have no need
for.
2.With the rising costs of Kerosene and instability of electricity,
many people have resorted to finding an alternative for
cooking. Imagine the horror of cooking in the night, completely
famished and the power goes off. Therefore, to be the wiser, a
lot of people have found other means and most settled for
cooking gas because it is ultimately cheaper and also cooks
food faster.

6. How LPG is Produced?
•For many years when there was no use for LPG, it was counted as a wasted product while
refining crude oil, thus, for long, it was called a by-product. The production of LPG does not
entail manufacturing because it already exists in another product.
•So, it could actually be referred to as a by-product but a useful one. LPG is processed via
two distinct methods. It is either processed by cleaning natural gas of impurities such as
various hydrocarbons which includethe methane, ethane, ethene, propene, isobutene,
butadiene, pentane and pentene, and fluid through a plant frequently called stripper plant,
this process. Or it could be gotten by refining crude oil. When crude oil is pumped into a
distillation tower to pass through distillation, different products are extracted at different
stages of the refining.
•The distillation power has been programmed to extract these products that include petrol,
diesel, kerosene, LPG among others at certain temperature degree. The LPG gotten from
crude oil is usually called ‘associated,’ which simply just translates to associated with oil and
that not gotten from crude oil is called, ‘non-associated.

7. WATER
DISPOSAL
REINERY CRUDE
OIL DISTILLATION
EXTRACTION OF OIL
FROM WELL BY
BLACK JACK
TRANSPORT TO
PLANT
BELOW FROM GROUND LEVEL

8. REINERY CRUDE OIL DISTILLATION
LPG

9. LPG
BOTTLING PLANT LAYOUT

11. What is an LPG plant and Types of LPG plant?
LPG must be stored in pressure vessels, therefore an LPG plant can be said to be the land, buildings,
machinery, apparatus, and fixtures in carrying on the industrial process and trade of LPG. It contains
everything put in place in order to ensure the smooth utilization of LPG by consumers. However,
there are different kinds of LPG plants starting from the bulk storage of LPG to the end user;
•A spherical LPG pressurized vessel used in refineries and terminals for bulk storage in large volumes
with truck loading facility
•Auto LPG Filling Stations for filling LPG in cars.
•LPG bulk plants with vaporizers for use of LPG as burning fuel in industries,
•LPG bulk plants for use of Liquid LPG in Aerosol and perfumes
•LPG Filling plants for filling LPG cylinders.
We are going to stick to LPG filling plants for filling LPG cylinders considering that we are talking
about cooking gas. Many people would see investing in LPG plant as a good move and this belief is
not misplaced because as mentioned earlier, a lot of people are now treading the route of cooking
gas. But there are certain points that must be taken into consideration in order to have a smooth
running at it.

13. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF LPG
ADVANTAGES OF LPG
LPG has an indefinite shelf life making it perfect for backup generators.
LPG is a portable energy source good for camping and going off grid.
LPG is available virtually anywhere and easily transportable.
LPG energy density is higher than natural gas.
LPG is low tech with easy to use applications.
LPG is a low carbon fuel emitting low levels of CO₂.
LPG is clean burning with virtually no particulate emissions.
. Using LPG requires very little infrastructure.
DISADVANTAGES OF LPG
LPG needs to be delivered.
LPG incurs delivery costs.
LPG does produce some CO₂ when burned.
LPG is flammable and potentially explosive.
LPG is heavier than air so can accumulate in the event of a leak.