Lymphatic System.pptxkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk

Uuuuu

1. By Ruqia Yasmeen (BSN, MSN)

2. Objectives Lymph Lymphatic System Major Organs of the Lymphatic System Function of Lymphatic system Nodes, Nodules, Spleen and the Thymus Glands Formation of lymph

3. Lymph A colorless fluid containing, white blood cells which bathe the tissues, Water & Proteins Drains through the lymphatic system into the bloodstream

4. Lymphatic system A network of organs, vessels and tissues protect you from infection Having Two parts Lymphatic vessels Lymphoid tissues and organs

5. Characteristics One-way system toward the heart No pump Lymph moves toward the heart Milking action of skeletal muscle Rhythmic contraction of smooth muscle in vessel walls

6. Functions Transport fluids back to the blood play essential roles in body defence and resistance to disease Absorb digested fat at the intestinal villi

7. Lymphatic Vessels Collecting vessels Collects lymph from lymph capillaries Carries lymph to and away from lymph nodes Returns fluid to circulatory veins near the heart Right lymphatic duct Thoracic duct

8. Materials returned to the blood Water Blood cells Proteins Harmful materials that enter lymph vessels Bacteria & Viruses Cancer cells & Cell debris

9. Formation of Lymph Fluid leaks out of blood capillaries into the interstitial space. This fluid contains waste products, proteins, and excess cells. The fluid is collected by lymphatic capillaries.

10. Lymphatic vessels transport the fluid towards lymph nodes. Lymph nodes filter the lymph and remove waste and pathogens. Clean lymph is returned to the bloodstream via the thoracic duct or right lymphatic duct.

11. Lymphoid tissues and organs Lymph Nodes : Filter lymph before it is returned to the blood Macrophages & Lymphocytes T cells (T lymphocytes) B cells (B lymphocytes) Dendritic cells Reticular cells

12. Functions 1. Filter lymph—To separate particulate matter. 2. Phagocytosis__ Of particulate matter. 3. Providing Immunity—T and B lymphocytes

13. Lymphoid Organs Spleen Thymus Tonsils Peyer’s patches

14. The Spleen Location : It lies in the left hypochondriac region of the abdominal cavity between the fundus of the stomach and the diaphragm. Largest lymphoid organ Contains reticular and lymphatic tissue Colour : Reddish purple

15. Measurement : 12cm long, 7cm wide and 2.5 cm thick Weight: 200g

16. Structure of the spleen Slightly oval in shape with hilum on the lower medial border The anterior surface is covered with peritoneum Enclosed in fibro-elastic capsules, that dip into the organ forming trabeculae The parenchyma of the spleen consists of Two different tissue called white pulp &red pulp

17. White pulp is lymphatic tissue Lymphocytes & macrophages Destroying blood-borne pathogens. Red pulp 1. Removal by macrophages of worn-out blood cells 2. Storage of platelets up to 1/3 rd of the blood of the body's supply 3. Production of blood cells during fetal life

18. Thymus Bilobed organ , located in mediastinum b/w sternum& the aorta. Weight: At birth: 10-15 g At puberty : 30-40 g After puberty :10 g in adults

19. Thymic lobules contain the outer cortex and inner medulla Most thymic cells are lymphocytes Cortex contains rapidly dividing lymphocytes and scattered macrophages Medulla contains fewer lymphocytes and thymic corpuscles involved in regulatory T cell development (prevent autoimmunity)

20. Significance of Thymus Functions at peak levels only during childhood Produces hormones ( like thymosin ) to program lymphocytes

21. Tonsils Small masses of lymphoid tissue around the pharynx Trap and remove bacteria and other foreign materials Tonsillitis is caused by congestion with bacteria

22. Peyer’s Patches Found in the wall of the small intestine Resemble tonsils in structure Capture and destroy bacteria in the intestine Peyer’s Patches and tonsils act as a guard to protect respiratory and digestive tracts

23. Acknowledgement Group 4 BSN 1 st year