Maharashtra focus report

Maharashtra, An Important Agri player in India

1. Maharashtra
A Important Agri player in India



Table of Contents
Economy .......................................................................................................................................................... 2
Agriculture....................................................................................................................................................... 2
Agro-climatic zones of Maharashtra ........................................................................................................... 3
Growing Areas of principal crops ................................................................................................................ 4
Foodgrains and oilseeds .............................................................................................................................. 4
Horticulture ................................................................................................................................................. 5
Fruits ....................................................................................................................................................... 6
Vegetables ............................................................................................................................................... 7
Floriculture .............................................................................................................................................. 7
National Horticulture Mission ................................................................................................................. 7
India's Export of Agri and Horticulture Products from Maharashtra.......................................................... 8
Export Promotion Schemes......................................................................................................................... 9
Agri Business Promotion Facility (ABPF) ............................................................................................... 10
Agri Export Zone ........................................................................................................................................ 10
Agri Export Zone of Maharashtra .......................................................................................................... 11

2. Economy

Maharashtra is the second largest state in India both in terms of population and geographical area (3.08
lakh sq. km.). The State has a population of 11.24 crore (Census 2011) which is 9.3 per cent of the total
population of India. The State is highly urbanised with 45.2 per cent people residing in urban areas. The
gross state domestic product (GSDP) at current prices for 2011-12 is estimated at 11, 99,548 crore and
contributes about 14.4 per cent of the GDP, the highest among all states. The GSDP has been growing at a
rapid pace over the last few years. Presently industrial and services sector both together contribute about
87.1 per cent of the State’s income. The agriculture & allied activities sector contributes 12.4 per cent to
the State’s income.
Maharashtra has always taken an initiative in adopting new technologies. The State has 240.69 lakh
hectares of land under cultivation and area under forest is 52.1 lakh hectares. Numbers of irrigation
projects are being implemented to improve irrigation. A watershed mission has been launched to ensure
that soil and water conservation measures are implemented speedily in the UN irrigated area.
Agriculture

Agriculture, including allied activities, accounted for 12.4 per cent of the GSDP at current prices in 2011-
12 but its role in State’s economy is much wider as its share in total employment according to the 2001
census is as high as about 55 per cent. The declining share of agriculture and allied activities sector in the
GSDP is a normal phenomenon in development trajectory of an economy, but consistent agricultural
growth remains vital for employment, income and food security. During the XIth Five Year Plan (FYP), an
average growth of 4.3 per cent was achieved against the target of four percent. The growth target for
agriculture and allied activities sector in the XIIth FYP remains at four per cent, as in the XIth FYP.

3. Agro-climatic zones of Maharashtra

4. Growing Areas of principal crops



Foodgrains and oilseeds

There has been a decline in production of food grains due to low intensity and deficit monsoon, sowing of
major kharif crops in western Maharashtra and some parts of Aurangabad and Nasik divisions was delayed.
Low moisture conditions and erratic rainfall in September and October are expected to result in overall
reduction in production of foodgrains and sugarcane as compared to 2011-12.
Foodgrains and oilseeds production
Lakh MT
Crop
2011-12
(Forecast)
2012-13
(Tentative)
Cereals 104.19 82.55
Pulses 23.11 21.84
Total foodgrains 127.3 104.39
Oilseeds 44.92 51.86
Cotton 68.2 69.35
Sugarcane 894.56 596.89
Source : Maharashtra Economics Survey 2013
Production of cotton is in lakh bales(170 kgs each)

5. It’s been observed that Maharashtra having a significant share in production of food grains, oilseeds, cotton
and sugarcane i.e. 4.84, 2.26, 20.45 and 24.02 resp. The state has major area under jowar production
around 45 per cent of the total production are come from Maharashtra only. In Pulses, it stands for around
14 per cent of total India production. In case of Cash crops such as cotton and Sugarcane, Maharashtra
having significant share of 20.45 and 24.02 resp. Make it second largest producer of cotton in the country.
Production of principal crops of India vis-a-vis Maharashtra
Production in 000' MT
Crop
India Maharashtra
% share in
2010-11
% share in
2011-12 2010-11 2011-12 2010-11 2011-12
Rice 95980 105311 2696 2841 2.81 2.70
Jowar 7003 6006 3452 2693 49.29 44.84
Bajra 10370 10276 1123 823 10.83 8.01
Maize 21726 21759 2602 2433 11.98 11.18
Ragi 2194 1929 117 138 5.33 7.15
Small 442 452 29 34 6.56 7.52
Wheat 86874 94882 2301 1313 2.65 1.38
Barley 1663 1619 1.3 1 0.08 0.06
Total Cereals 226252 242234 12321.3 10276 5.45 4.24
Gram 8221 7702 1300 815 15.81 10.58
Tur 2861 2654 976 871 34.11 32.82
Other Pulses 7159 6733 824 582 11.51 8.64
Total Pulses 18241 17089 3100 2268 16.99 13.27
Total Food grain 244493 259323 15421 12544 6.31 4.84
Ground- Nut 8265 6964 460 351 5.57 5.04
Sesamum seed 893 810 20 15 2.24 1.85
Rapeseed 8179 6604 3 4 0.04 0.06
Linseed 147 153 10 8 6.80 5.23
Castor seed 1350 2295 4 3 0.30 0.13
Total Oil seeds 18834 16826 497 381 2.64 2.26
Cotton 33000 35200 8500 7200 25.76 20.45
Sugarcane 342382 361037 81896 86733 23.92 24.02
Source : Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture
Production of cotton is in bales of 170kgs



Horticulture

During the recent past the state has emerged as one of the horticulture, states. The export of grapes, mango,
flowers and vegetables have shown increasing trend. This shows the impressive achievements of state in
the horticultural development. Many 100% Export Oriented Units have been established in the state mainly
in the field of floriculture, tissue culture, mushrooms etc. The well organized co-operative infrastructure of
Grape Growers Association has not only promoted the Viticulture in the state but also brought our state on
the world map. With such achievements the thrust of farmers for newer technology and crops is ever
increasing.

6. Production of Fruits and Vegetables of Maharashtra vis-a-vis India
Production in 000' tonnes
Products
India Maharashtra
% share in
2011-12
% share in
2012-13 2011-12 2012-13 2011-12 2012-13
Banana 28455 24869 4315 3600 15.16 14.48
Grapes 2221 2458 1810 2050 81.50 83.39
Mango 16196 17695 503 633 3.11 3.58
Pomegranate 772 741 478 408 61.88 55.05
Sapota 1426 1348 298 365 20.90 27.08
Papaya 4457 5160 327 363 7.34 7.03
Guava 2510 2661 322 305 12.83 11.46
Other Fruits 12464 13106 1217 1200 9.76 9.16
Citrus fruits
Mandarin(M. Orange
,Kinnow,Orange) 3128 2729 443 370 14.16 13.56
Lime/Lemon 2272 2395 290 246 12.76 10.27
Sweet Orange(Malta ,
Mosambi) 1232 3399 535 245 43.43 7.21
Other Citrus fruits 1290 1138 0 0 0.00 0.00
Total Fruits 76424 77701 10538 9785 13.79 12.59
Onion 17511 16309 5638 4660 32.20 28.57
Tomato 18653 17874 1007 1050 5.40 5.87
Brinjal 12634 12973 525 578 4.16 4.46
Cabbage 8412 8395 383 421 4.55 5.01
Okra 6259 6361 317 328 5.06 5.16
Potato 41483 44726 360 321 0.87 0.72
Cauliflower 7349 7827 189 238 2.57 3.04
Beans 1151 1292 182 224 15.81 17.33
Peas 3745 3942 47 51 1.26 1.29
Others Vegetables 39128 39811 130 137 0.33 0.34
Total Vegetables 156325 159511 8778 8008 5.62 5.02
Source: National Horticulture board


Fruits

Maharashtra having share of around 13 per cent in India’s overall fruits production with maximum share in
Grapes (83%), Pomegranate (55%), Sapota (27%), Banana (14%) etc
Total area under fruit crops in the state 15.48 lakh ha. The soil and climatic conditions of Maharashtra are
very congenial for cultivation of different fruit crops. Therefore an ambitious programme namely
“Employment Guarantee Scheme linked Horticulture Development Programme” has been launched in
1990-91. Coverage under major fruit crops is as Mango-37.83%, Citrus-19.13%, Cashew-13%,
Pomogranate-6.92%, Sapota-5.06%, Custard Apple-2.77%, Guava-2.41% and other is 13.26%. Due to
massive plantation of fruit crops in the last decade production of horticultural produce in the state has
increased substantially.

7. Vegetables

Maharashtra contributes around 5% of production of vegetable in the country. The area under vegetable
crops is about 4.74 lakh ha. The total production is 80.08 lakh M.T. per year and the productivity is more
than 16.9 M.T. per hectare. Maharashtra is the largest producer of onion in the country covering an area
about 260 thousand ha with production of around 46.6 lakh M.T.

Floriculture

Maharashtra stands 5th in respect of area under floriculture in the country with approximately 22000 ha
under cultivation. The major flower crops grown in open fields are Roses, Chrysanthemum, Aster,
Tuberoses, Jasmine, Gaillardia, Marigold etc. These flowers are mainly grown in Pune, Nashik,
Ahmednagar, Satara, Sangli, Kolhapur, Aurangabad, Jalna, Nanded etc. districts. Recently many private
companies and progressive farmers in the State have started export oriented cultivation of flower crops.

National Horticulture Mission

NHM was launched by the GoI in 2005-06 and is being implemented in 33 districts of the State. It is a
centrally sponsored scheme with 85:15 sharing pattern. To implement the scheme of NHM and National
Medicinal Plants Board (NMPB), the GoM established Maharashtra State Horticulture & Medicinal Plants
Board (MSHMPB) in 2005. Since beginning upto January, 2013, the MSHMPB received grants of `
1,001.97 crore under NHM and ` 7.63 crore for NMPB and the expenditure incurred was ` 973.14 crore
and ` 7.35 crore under NHM and NMPB respectively upto January, 2013.
The achievements under NHM since inception, till January, 2013 include
• Establishment of 80 nurseries
• Plantation of fruits, flowers, spices etc. on 5.07 lakh ha
• Rejuvenation of old fruit crop plantation on about 0.98 lakh ha
• Construction of 5,494 community tanks
• Organic farming on 0.15 lakh ha
• 2,272 pack houses and infrastructure for post harvest management, etc.
• Plantation of medicinal plants completed on 534.80 ha and the benefits given to
587 beneficiaries

8. India's Export of Agri and Horticulture Products from Maharashtra

• Maharashtra being a major player in India’s Agri production, also shown a significant role in
India's Export of Agri and Horticulture Products. It accounts for around 16 % of total India’s Agri
export.
• Out of which Niger seeds (87%), Pulses (87%), Spirit & Beverages (50%), Fruits (56%),
Vegetables (41%), Spices (32%), Sugar (29%) and Cotton (28%) are the major products exported
from Maharashtra.
• In terms of volume: Cotton, Spices, Oil Meals, Sugar and Fruits & Vegetables are the major
products exported from Maharashtra.

India's Export of Agri and Horticulture Products
Product
2011-12 2012-13
Qty Value Qty Value
Cotton 2003581.00 21624.20 2056697.00 20276.51
Basmati Rice 3178235.00 15449.69 3459919.00 19409.39
Cashew 131782.00 4390.68 104092.00 4067.21
Cashew Nut Shell Liquid 14631.39 59.46 9191.51 29.84
Castor Oil 492628.33 4571.67 565994.07 4309.82
Coffee 278868.33 4534.80 254017.79 4711.07
Floriculture 365.32 423.45
Fresh Fruits 2557.15 3295.12
Fresh Vegetables 2904.33 3288.33
Fruits / Vegetable Seeds 15226.55 288.04 17168.00 347.72
Groundnut 832619.00 5246.45 535637.00 4065.36
Guargum 707326.00 16523.87 406323.00 21287.00
Misc Processed Items 3833.78 4962.66
Mollases 384125.00 204.33 342153.00 223.03
Niger Seeds 28225.08 117.27 17904.56 90.13
Non-Basmati Rice 3997734.00 8659.13 6688035.00 14448.81
Oil Meals 7406363.00 11796.46 6578173.00 16519.53
Other Cereals 4073694.00 5493.05 5441306.00 8180.61
Processed Fruits & Juices 1657.25 1968.77
Processed Vegetables 1059.93 1119.66
Pulses 174205.00 1065.84 201709.00 1280.00
Sesame Seeds 389154.49 2641.66 299482.29 2880.85
Shellac 4553.33 256.79 3603.66 401.74
Spices 935909.17 13220.45 1008862.09 15364.97
Spirit & Beverages 1494.37 1962.07
Sugar 2741372.00 8766.78 2794488.00 8576.63
Tea 292354.93 4078.60 268799.83 4718.79
Tobacco Manufactured 1106.99 1214.47
Tobacco Unmanufactured 197165.22 2899.46 230414.16 3815.76
Wheat 740747.00 1023.27 6514815.00 10529.00
Total 29020499.82 147891.07 37798784.96 183768.30
Source: DGCIS

9. India's Export of Agri and Horticulture Products through Maharashtra Ports
Product
2011-12 2012-13 % share in total
India's export
(2012-13) Qty Value Qty Value
Niger Seeds 8576.38 34.17 15635.62 78.70 87.31
Pulses 141725.00 868.41 175655.00 1116.78 87.25
Fresh Fruits 1073.35 1860.51 56.46
Spirit & Beverages 880.92 987.05 50.31
Fresh Vegetables 1184.29 1362.75 41.44
Misc Processed Items 1258.21 1625.85 32.76
Processed Fruits & Juices 475.36 626.30 31.81
Spices 271442.08 4228.94 332438.18 4873.00 31.72
Processed Vegetables 235.61 332.80 29.72
Sugar 1316325.00 4255.06 814456.00 2493.07 29.07
Cotton Raw Incld. Waste 624906.00 6746.48 570951.00 5607.53 27.66
Tobacco Manufactured 282.69 317.32 26.13
Sesame Seeds 94843.72 635.10 66591.55 624.52 21.68
Oil Meals 1708422.00 3194.09 1124364.00 3356.74 20.32
Other Cereals 691659.00 963.78 845575.00 1355.42 16.57
Mollases 83289.00 45.57 58421.00 36.90 16.54
Non Basmati rice 163923.00 369.18 741047.00 1746.44 12.09
Fruits / Vegetable Seeds 3064.04 29.55 2751.59 32.79 9.43
Groundnut 5657.00 349.62 42545.00 307.02 7.55
Tea 8584.90 156.77 9336.80 178.81 3.79
Castor Oil 21006.18 232.48 15859.20 142.31 3.30
Floricltr Products 8.86 12.56 2.97
Shellac 77.24 4.11 126.61 9.11 2.27
Cashew Nut Shell Liquid 19.68 0.10 106.83 0.58 1.95
Guergam Meal 7528.00 151.77 7669.00 303.28 1.42
Wheat 31038.00 42.06 33849.00 58.39 0.55
Cashew 321.00 10.42 383.00 11.90 0.29
Basmati rice 34732.00 147.75 8218.00 44.94 0.23
Coffee 335.23 8.93 412.82 7.74 0.16
Tobacco Unmanufactured 114.16 0.86 49.84 0.83 0.02
Total 5217588.60 27874.48 4866442.04 29511.94 16.06
Source: DGCIS


Export Promotion Schemes

MSAMB has the program to promote exports of fresh fruits, vegetables & flowers from
Maharashtra to the various countries of world with the help of farmers & their organizations. The
main products handled are grapes, mangoes, pomegranate, mandarin, banana, rice, mango pulp,
cashew nut, cut flowers (from polyhouse) etc.
Regular guidance to the farmers and their cooperative societies is given in terms of pre-harvest,
post-harvest, packaging, pre-cooling, cold storage and transportation. To boost the exports,
MSAMB also provides infrastructure facilities viz. Air Cargo handling at Pune and Vapour Heat
Treatment at Vashi, Navi Mumbai. MSAMB also establish a modern packhouse including pre-

10. cooling, cold storage and Ripening chamber facility for Alphanso Mangoes at Jamsande, Tal-
Devgad (Sindhudurg), Ratnagiri and at Jalana for Kesar Mangoes while a modern onion export
facility was created at Indapur (Dist-Pune) with the help of APEDA, New Delhi. These facilities
can be useful for farmers/growers and expoters in the state. Trial exports are being conducted for
certain commodities by the MSAMB with the help of APEDA, New Delhi.

Following products can be made available from the farmers' co-operative societies for export as
well as for domestic marketing.

Fruits Vegetables
Processed
Products
Flowers Cereals and others
Mango, Grape,
Pomegranate,
Mandarin, Banana,
Papaya, Fig,
Custard
Okra, Chilli, Small
Gourd, Drum sticks,
Bittergourd, French
Beans,Onion
Mango Pulp
(Natural/
Sweetened),
Aseptic
Packaging,OTS
cans,Resins,
Cashew nuts.
Carnation, Gerbera,
Roses, Lilium
Maize, Rice, Red
Dried Chilli,
Tamarind,
Turmeric, Jaggery


Agri Business Promotion Facility (ABPF)

Agricultural production and its marketing are interrelated activities and MACP addresses these
firstly by improving agricultural extension system (ATMA model), and secondly by providing
upgraded marketing infrastructure which will be made accessible by traditional as well as
alternative marketing channels. Besides these interventions, the competitiveness of the farmer will
be improved by capacity building. The sustainability of agriculture will improve because of all
these interventions. Considering the scope of further improving sustainability of agriculture, value
addition to agriculture produce is most important critical factor. Development of various business
activities either supporting agriculture or based on agriculture production will add to the income of
the farmers. It is therefore proposed to include the Agri-business Promotion Facility (ABPF) as a
Sub-Component under this Project.


Agri Export Zone

AEZ, sporadic efforts have been made in the past for promoting export of agricultural
produce/products from the country. Thus, on the one hand Research and Development has taken
place with little bearing on the development of a particular agricultural produce for the purpose of
export, on the other hand financial and fiscal incentives are being provided for exporting a
particular produce without actually addressing pre-harvesting and post-harvesting practices.

11. Agri Export Zone of Maharashtra

S
No
Product State District/Area Date of
Approval
Date of
Notification
Date of
Signing of
MOU
1 Grapes and
Grape Wine
Maharashtra Nasik, Sangli,
Pune, Satara,
Ahmednagar
and Sholapur
27th Nov
2001
8th Feb
2002
7th Jan
2002
2 Mangoes Maharashtra Districts of
Ratnagiri,
Sindhudurg,
Raigarh and
Thane
23rd Jan
2002
8th Mar
2002
12th Feb
2002
3 Kesar
Mango
Maharashtra Districts of
Aurangabad,
Jalna, Beed,
Latur,
Ahmednagar
and Nasik
5th Mar
2002
31st Mar
2002
11th Apr
2002
4 Flowers Maharashtra Pune, Nasik,
Kolhapur and
Sangli
5th Mar
2002
31st Mar
2002
10th Jun
2002
5 Onion Maharashtra Districts of
Nasik,
Ahmednagar,
Pune, Satara and
Solapur
18th Nov
2002
15th Jan
2003
16th Jan
2003
6 Pomegranate Maharashtra Districts of
Solapur, Sangli,
Ahedabagar,
Pune, Nasik,
Osmanabad,
Latur
5th May
2003
14th May,
2003
9th June,
2003
7 Banana Maharashtra Jalgaon, Dhule,
Nandurbar,
Buldhana,
Parbhani,
Hindoli, Nanded
and Wardha
24th
September,
2004
8th
November,
2004
-
8 Oranges Maharashtra Nagpur and
Amraoti
24th
September,
2004
8th
November,
2004
-