Main Line of Treatment of Bacterial Diseases of Sheep & Goats Prof Dr Hamed Attia.pdf

Main Line of Treatment of Bacterial Diseases of Sheep & Goats Prof Dr Hamed Attia.pdf

1. Main Line of Treatment of Bacterial
Diseases in Farm Animals
Part1:Respiratory, Nervous & Eye Diseases

2. تاناويح ىف ةيريتكبلا ضارملاا جلاعل ةماعلا طوطخلاةعرزملا
ءزجلالولاا:ضارمازاهجلاىسفنتلاىبصعلاوضارمأوويعلان
ا.ةيطع دماح د
ناويحلا بط ذاتسا–ىرطيبلا بطلا ةيلك
قيزاقزلا ةعماج-رصم
ىنفلا راشتسملا
ةيرطيبلا ةيودلأل ضايرلابربخلا اجيموا ةسسؤمب

3. ةيضرملا تابوركيملا عاونا نع ةمدقم
ةيريتكبلا ضارملاا ءامساو

4. ايريتكبلا عاونأ
◼Gram Positive Cocci & Bacilli
◼Gram Negative Cocci & Bacilli
◼Anaerobes
◼Spirochetes
◼Mycobacteria

5. Gram Positive
◼Gram Positive Cocci:
◼Staphylococcus
◼Streptococcus
◼Gram Positive Bacilli
◼Clostridium
◼Corynebacterium
◼Listeria
◼Actinomyces
◼

6. Gram negative bacteria
◼Examples:
◼Escherichia coli and Klebsiella(Mastitis).
◼Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, Proteus.
◼Salmonella.
◼Pasteurella multocida& Pasteurella haemolytica.
◼

7. 2- ىف ىودعلا ناكم بسح ايرتكبلا ميسقت
ناويحلا مسج

8. The predilection site is usually in:
❖Skin and soft tissues
❖-Pharyngitis-Bronchitis-Tonsolitis-
Sinusitis-Otitis media-strangle(Equines)
❖Endocarditis
❖Joint affections
مارجلا ةبجوم ايريتكبلل ةلضفملا نكاملاا((Gram +

9. ◼The predilection site is usually in:
◼Urinary affections ىلوبلا زاهجلا ىودع
◼-Genital affection ىلسانتلا زاهجلا ىودع
◼Gastro-intestinal affections. ىمضهلا زاهجلا ىودع
مارجلا ةبلاس ايريتكبلل ةلضفملا نكاملاا((Gram -

10. The predilection site is usually in:
◼Oral cavity
◼Vaginal affection
◼GIT affections.
◼4-Mixed infections
◼Respiratory system
Anerobic bacteria
ةيئاوهلالا ايريتكبلا

11. Respiratory system affection is usually mixed infection(G+ & G-)
Such as:
Cattle: Pasteurella-salmonella-TB .
Sheep: Pasteurella-coryn-bacterium pesudo-tuberculosis
Respiratory system
ىسفنتلا زاهجلا ىف ةدوجوملا تابوركيملا

12. ةيضرم ةلاح جلاع ىف حاجنلا لماوع

13. Five factors to succeed in treatment
1-Correct Diagnosis
2-Antibiotic used
3-Dose of antibiotic
4-Duration of uses of antibiotic

14. 1-Correct diagnosis
يرطو اهحرش مت ىتلا ةيريتكبلا ضارملاا تارضاحم عجارت ةق
ضرم لك صيخشت

15. 2-Antibiotic used

16. 2-Right selection of antibiotic
◼1-Prescribe the necessary drug
◼2-Don’t delay administration of antibiotic in
critically ill animals
◼3-Spectrum of activity should be considered( too
narrow or too broad).
◼1-فصوءاودلامزلالا
◼2-مدعريخأتءاطعإداضملايويحلاناويحللباصملاضارمأبةريطخ
◼3-بجيةاعارمقاطنطاشنلا(قيضاًدجوأعساواًدج).

17. Penetration of antibiotic
◼Abscesses
◼جيرارخلا ةلاح ىف ةيويح تاداضم مدخستلا
◼Blood brain barrier (Meningits)
◼خملا ةيشغا للاخ رمي ىذلا ىويحلا داضملا رايتخا نم دبلا
◼Prostaties
◼ اتاتسوربلا للاخ رمي ىذلا ىويحلا داضملا رايتخا نم دبلا

18. 3-Dose of antibiotic

19. 4-Dose of the drug
ةيئاودلا ةعرجلا
◼Too low (No effect)
◼Too high(toxic)
◼MIC(minimum inhibitory
concentration)
◼ ىلع ءاضقلا نم ىويحلا داضملل نكمي مدلا ىف زيكرت لقا
ايريتكبلا

20. 5-Duration of use of antibiotic

21. 5-Duration of antibiotic
◼1-Mild bacterial infections:
◼3-5 days.
◼2-chronic infections:
◼5-7 days.
◼Chronic pyogenic infections 2-4 weeks

22. The predilection site of bacterial
in animal body

23. Site Disease Organism
Blood Shipping fever
Anthrax
Pasteurella hemolytica
Bacillus anthracis
Lung Pneumonia
▪Pasteurella hemolytica
▪Corynebacterium pyogenes
▪Mycobacterium bovis
Intestine
▪Enteritis
▪Enterotoxemia, pulpy
kidney
▪Johne’sdisease
▪Salmonella typhimurium
▪Clostridium perfringens
▪Mycobacterium
paratuberculosis
Udder Mastitis
▪Staphylococcus aureus
▪Streptococcus
▪Corynebacterium pyogenes
▪Mycoplasma agalactiae

24. Site Disease Organism
Fetus and
genital tract
Abortion Brucella ovis
Brucella melitensis
Vibrio fetus
Corynebacterium
pseudotuberculosis
Streptococcus fecalis
Salmonella arizonae
Salmonella
typhimurium
Blood and
parenchymat
ous
organs(New
Neonatal mortality
▪Escherichia coli
▪Sphaerophorusnecrophorus
▪Pasteurella multocida
▪Corynebacterium pyogenes
Staphylococcus aureus

25. Site Disease Organism
Urine Cystitis
Pyelonephritis
Proteus mirabilis
Corynebacterium
renal
Eyes Pink eye Colesiota
conjunctivae
Cerebrospina
l fluid, brain
Listeriosis ▪Listeria
monocytogenes
Skin and
muscle
Actinobacillosis
Black leg
Tetanus
Malignant edema
▪Actinobacilluslignieresi
▪Clostridium chauvoei
▪Clostridium tetani
▪Clostridium septicum

26. Name of Bacterial Disease

27. ◼Anthrax
◼Enterotoxemic diseases (Clostridial diseases)
◼Brucellosis of sheep
◼Listeriosis
◼Leptospira
◼Vibriosis(Campylobactorabortion.
◼Johne`sdisease
◼Mastitis-Metritis-urinary affections)
◼Shipping fever(Pasteurella)
Bacterial diseases in cattle and sheep

28. ◼Actinomycosis
◼Actinobacillosis
◼Caseous lymphadenitis
◼Edematous skin disease
◼Bovine farcy
◼Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis
◼Contagious foot root
◼Salmonellosis…
◼Coli-bacillosis
Bacterial diseases in cattle and sheep

29. Main Line of Bacterial Treatment

30. Main Line of Bacterial Treatment
1-Respiratory diseases
2-Digestive diseases
3-Urinary Diseases
4-Skin Diseases
5-Diseases of udder
6-Reproductive diseases

31. Main Line of Bacterial Treatment
7-diseases of the Eye
8-Closterdial diseases
9-Neonatal Diseases

32. لولأا ءزجلا
زعاملاو مانغلأا ىف ةيريتكبلا ضارملاا جلاعل ةماعلا طوطخلا

33. 1-Main Line of Treatment Respiratory Diseases.
(Pneumonic Pasteurellosis)
طوطخلاةماعلاجلاعلممستلاىومدلا
)ىمحرفسلا(

34. Main Line of treatment
❖Antimicrobial treatment
❖Ancillary anti-inflammatory treatments
❖Mucolytic & expectorants
❖Immuno-stimulant(Vitamin C)
❖AD3E

35. Main Line of Treatment
1-Medical
treatment
2-Supportive
treatment

36. 1-Antibiotics
1-Oxytetracycline hydrochloride 11 mg/kg, SC q 24h for 3
days; long acting (LA )formulations,
20 mg/kg, IM, q 48 h continued for at least 2 days after the
rectal temperature has returned to
the normal range. W/P: meat 16 days; milk 84 hours

37. 1-Antibiotics
or
2-Sulfadimethoxine
Initial dose: 60 mg/kg; maintenance dose: 30 mg/kg, IM, q
24 h for 3-4 days.
w/p: milk 5 days.
Precautions: maintain an adequate water intake

38. broad-spectrum antibiotics
3-Broad-spectrum antimicrobials:
Macrolides,
Florfenicol.
Ampicillin, ceftiofur, danofloxacin, florfenicol.
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
Tilmicosin
Tulathromycin would be expected to have good efficacy.

39. جلاعل مدختست ىتلا ةيرطيبلا ةيودلاا تاعومجم لضفأ
رفسلا ىمح (ىومدلا ممستلا)
◼.
NotesTrad NameMode of actionGeneric NameGroup
Pasteurella
multocida
Manhemia
hemolytica
(Ceftifour(Exce
ed)
-Exenel-
Cefotaxime-
Cobactan
BactericidalThird-generation
cephalosporins
Third-generation
cephalosporins
Pasteurella
multocida
Manhemia
hemolytica
Nordine
Borgal
Act
synergistically
(and becomes
bactericidal)
Trimethoprim/sulfa
diazine
Sulfonamides+T
rimethoprime

40. 2-Main Line of Treatment
Of contagious caprine
pleuropneumonia(Mycoplasma )
م جلاعل ةماعلا طوطخلا ضر يرولبلا يوئرلا باهتللاايدعملا
( زعاملا ىف حمروبأ ضرم)

41. Line of treatment
1-Antibiotic
2-Non steroidal
3-Chemotrypsin
4-Immuno-stimulant
5-AD3E

42. 1-Antibiotic
Macrolides, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, and florfenicol
may successfully treat Mycoplasma infections if
administered early in the course of disease.
Tylosin(10 mg/kg, IM, every 24 hours for 3 days) or long-
acting oxytetracycline (20 mg/kg, IM, once) is effective in
the treatment of CCPP.
Antibiotics such as erythromycin, clarithromycin or
azithromycin are effective treatment.

43. Antibiotic used for treatment of Mycoplasma
◼.
No
te
s
Trad NameGenericNameGroup
Marbocyl 10%
Forcyl16%)
Enrofloxacin
Marbofloxacin
Enrofloxacin ciprofloxacin
Danofloxacin
Fuoroquin
olones
Zuprevo
Tilmicosin
Draxin
Erythromycin
Tildipirosin 180 mg/ml )
•Tilmicosin
•Tulathromycin
•Erythromycin
Macrolides

44. جلاعل مدختست ىتلا ةيرطيبلا ةيودلاا تاعومجم لضفأ
رفسلا ىمح (ىومدلا ممستلا )امزلابوكياملاو
◼.
NotesTrad NameMode of actionGeneric NameGroup
Pasteurella
multocida
Manhemia
hemolytica
Mycoplasma
Marbocyl 10%
Forcyl16%)
Enerofloacine
BactericidalMarbofloxacin
Enrofloxacin ciprofloxacin
Danofloxacin
Fuoroquinolones
Pasteurella
multocida
Manhemia
hemolytica
Mycoplasma
Zuprevo
Tilmicosin
Draxin
Erythromycin
BacterioststicTildipirosin 180 mg/ml )
•Tilmicosin
Tulathromycin
•Spiramycin.
• Erythromycin
Macrolides
Pasteurella
Mycoplasma
NuflorBacteriostatic•FlorfenicolAmphenicols

45. 2-Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (flunixin meglumine,
ketoprofen, tolfenamicacid, or meloxicam) may be
warranted in valuable animals

46. 2-Diseases of Nervous System
Main Line of Treatment of Listeriosis
ايرتسيللا ضرم جلاعل ةماعلا طوطخلا

47. جلاعلل ةماعلا طوطخلا

48. Treatment
1-Antibiotic
2-Steroidal anti-inflammatory
3-Fluid & electrolyte therapy

49. 1-Antibiotics

50. 1-Penicillin or ceftiofur
❖Penicillin should be administered at a dosage of
22,000 U/kg wtevery 12 hours for 1-2 weeks.
❖The treatment should be initiated with potassium
penicillin IV and followed with procaine penicillin G
given IM.

52. و نيلليسنب نيياكوربلا نم بكرم
؟نيسياموتبرتسلاا

53. 2-Broad spectrum Antibiotic
➢Oxytetracycline
➢Erythromycin
➢Sulfonamide/ trimethoprim
➢Intravenous oxytetracycline (16.5 mg/kg per day) is
also effective and results in high plasma
oxytetracycline concentrations that facilitate
attaining effective antimicrobial concentrations in the
brain stem.

54. 2-Dexamethasone
➢Administration of high-dose dexamethasone (1
mg/kg, IV) at first examination is considered
beneficial .
➢ضاهجا ببسي دق هنلا مانغلاا ىف لمحلا ةياهن ىف مدختسيلا

55. 3-Fluid & Dextrose therapy
➢R/ Electrolyte therapy
➢R/Dextrose 10% or 25%

56. Eye Diseases
Infectious Keratoconjunctivitis
(Pink Eye)
طوطخلاةماعلاجلاعلىدعملا ةينرقلاو ةمحتلملا باهتلا ضرم

57. Main Line of Treatment

58. Main Line Of Treatment
نيعلا تاباهتلا جلاعل ةماعلا طوطخلا
Remove the worms by the hand
•Eye Wash
Anthelmintic drug such as
Levamisole at 5 mg/kg under
the skin and Ivermectin and
Doramectin both at 0.2 mg/kg
SC or in the muscle are effective
treatments.
•Antibiotic Local &Systemic
Topical application of
Levamisole or topical
Ivermectin. Bother are given as
a 1% aqueous solution directly
into the eye.
•Local Steroidal Anti-inflammatory
1-
2-
3-

59. Examples of Eye Wash
Remove the worms by the hand
•Cleaning Solution (Boric Acid 4%)
Anthelmintic drug such as
Levamisole at 5 mg/kg under
the skin and Ivermectin and
Doramectin both at 0.2 mg/kg
SC or in the muscle are effective
treatments.
•Astringent solution(Zinc Sulphate 0.5%)
Topical application of
Levamisole or topical
Ivermectin. Bother are given as
a 1% aqueous solution directly
into the eye.
•Saline solution

60. Isolate Sick animals
▪Affected animals should be isolated from the rest
of the flock to prevent spread of the disease.
▪They should be housed in a clean, dry,
comfortable, and shady place.
▪ رملا راشتنا عنمل عيطقلا يقاب نع ةباصملا تاناويحلا لزع بجيض.
▪للظمو حيرمو فاجو فيظن ناكم يف مهؤاويإ يغبنيو.

61. 2-Systemic Antibiotic
▪R/long-acting oxytetracycline (two injections of 20 mg/kg, IM or
SC, at a 48-to 72-hour interval).
▪Other effective antibiotics include:
▪R/Ceftiofur crystalline free acid (6.6 mg/kg, SC, at the base of
the ear) .
▪R/ tulathromycin (2.5 mg/kg, SC, given once) .
▪R/ Florfenicol (20 mg/kg, IM, two doses at a 2-day interval).

62. 2-Local Antibiotic
Remove the worms by the hand
•Local Antibiotic Eye Drops(Ex Teramycine)
Anthelmintic drug such as
Levamisole at 5 mg/kg under
the skin and Ivermectin and
Doramectin both at 0.2 mg/kg
SC or in the muscle are
effective treatments.
•Local Antibiotic Eye ointment.
(Oxytetracycline)
Topical application of
Levamisole or topical
Ivermectin. Bother are given as
a 1% aqueous solution directly
into the eye.
•Subconjunctival & systemic antibiotic

63. Topical applications
▪Topical oxytetracycline and antiseptic sprays are currently
approved treatments.
▪Topical applications should be applied at least three times a
day to be effective .
▪PRP(Plasma rich blood platelets) injection and eye drops).
▪ح ةدمتعم تاجلاع ةرهطملا تاخاخبلاو ةيعضوملا نيلكيسارتت يسكولأا ربتعتا
ً
يلا.
▪لاعف نوكتل ا
ً
يموي لقلأا ىلع تارم ثلاث ةيعضوملا تاقيبطتلا قيبطت بجية.

64. Subconjunctival Injection
R/ Oxytetracycline antibiotic (2-3ml of 5 or 10%).
Mixed with (steroids) 0.5-1ml dexamethasone) in
acute cases.

65. Questions?