Malaria

Also availa

9. IS TEST
THE BEST?

In vilages where such
tests are not available
or you cannot get the

results in a days time
or it you feel that the
person testing itis not
trained wel, then it is
better to just start
malaria treatment
without the test
This is important
because some kinds
of malaria are
dangerous and the
person can die in a
‘short time.

11. Take Note

The spleen gets
enlarged to catch all
the red blood cells
damaged by malaria
parasites and to

Store iron for future
‘use. Malaria does not
cause iron deficiency
‘and there is no need
to give Iron pilis
routinely for every
malaria patient

12. IS JAUNDICE
WITH MALARIA
COMMON?

In malaria where there
ls heavy breakdown of
blood cells, jaundice
(which simply mea
that the eyes and skin
turn yellow) may
appear even without
the liver being
affected by malaria.
Jaundice due to
‘malaria should not be
confused with the
Jaundice due to liver
disease; the former
will disappear with
malaria treatment.
However, jaundice in
malaria tells of huge
numbers of parasites
in the blood and this
may be dangerous.
One needs to rush
such a person for
troat-ment.

13. These are signs
of some important
organs being damaged
by PF malaria and it not
treated quickly and
properly, such malaria
could lead to
death

14. E

15. In areas with lots of malaria, I is sater

10 give malaria medicine even if not sure, instead of relying

on a blood test result that turns out negative because of poor
training of person checking the slide or poor

quality equipment.

17. 4 ?
$ A,

Ve

19. In regions where PV exists along with PF
‘that is resistant to Chloroquine but sensitive to S-P combination
(like in northeast India), WHO suggests giving full doses of SP.
combination along with Chloroquine on the frst day followed by

2 more days of Chloroquine as discussed earlier.

20. Paracetamol when given along with Chloroquine,
{tends to delay the elimination of parasites in the blood.
Give Paracetamol only if fever is very high 1

22. RADICAL
TREATMENT
IN MALARIA
OUTBREAKS

In malaria outbreaks
and epidemics caused
by PF, Faleiparum
Radical Treatment
(called FRT is given. in
such situations, we
presume every fever
to be PF malaria and
tobe dangerous. Even
without a blood test,
the first days dose of
malaria medicine is
given along with the
correct dose of
Primaquine tor PF.
Chloroquine or $-P
combination is meant
to reduce the chances
of death in patients
and Primaquine cuts
down the chances
of spreading the
outbreak of malaria.

23. High iron levels improve the capacity of
malaria parasites to remain in the body. Folic Acid reduces the action
of S-P combination tablets. DO NOT give Iron or Folie Acid tablets
as a routine to malaria patients.

24. Pe

HOW
MOSQUITOES
BREED?

Although there are
58 types of Anopheles
in India, only six of
them are responsible
for most of the malaria
spread in India.
Most of the female
Anopheles lay eggs
on stationary, clean
water but a few of
them also lay eggs
on slow flowing water
in stream with grassy
margins and are
important tor the
malaria in the
northeast. (Mosqui-
toes breeding in dirty
water, in drains and
water-illed garbage,
do not spread
malaria)

It the water is not
greatly disturbed, the
eggs turn into small
larvao-seen floating
in water like fast
vibrating small rods—
and about a week
later, they come out of
the water as adult
mosquitoes and tly

25. TYPES OF PEOPLE

= tackling
poor man: / damon

TYPES or TYPES OF
PARASITES WOSQUITO-ENVIRONMENT

27. WHEN DO
MOSQUITOES
LIKE TO BITE?

Most mosquitoes bite

during the night

hours only. Culex —
the mosquitoes that
spread Filaria and

Japanese Encephalitis

(also called brain

fever by some) breed

mainly in the drains
and stinking dirty
water, and bite at night.

They bite paintully

have a disturbing

sound and spoil our
sloop.

Another type of

‘mosquito, Aedes, bites

during the daytime and

is big and dark with
bands of black and
white on ts legs.

The bite of Anopheles,
usually oes unnoticed
because it is light
coloured, makes litle
sound and its bite is
relatively painless. All
the varieties of
Anopheles bite
between 8 p.m. in the
evening to around
62m. in the morning
and we need to protect
ourselves during that
period.

31. ‘Malaria can be and should be
fough together. And it is up to each one of us
to decide that we will neïther de, nor let

another die from malaria.