male organ - Copy.pptx TO DETERMINE THE CON

HEALTH

1. The male reproductive organs 1 Mengistu D.- BDU(2005/06 E.C)

2. The human reproductive system produces, stores, nourishes, gametes and transports functional male and female reproductive cells. Also produces sex hormones that affect the structure and function of all other systems. The male and female reproductive systems are functionally quite different Roll of Male reproductive organ To produce sperm and deliver to the female reproductive system (vagina) The primary reproductive organ is testis (male gonads). Testes has exocrine and endocrine function Exocrine function: (sperm producing) Endocrine function :(testosterone) producing function. Mengistu D.- BDU(2005/06 E.C) 2

3. The male reproductive organs include The internal and external genitalia. The external genitalia are: The penis The scrotum The internal genitalia includes The epididymis  The ejaculatory ducts The ducts deferens  The prostate gland The seminal vesicle  The male urethra Mengistu D.- BDU(2005/06 E.C) 3

4. Sperm: The male genetic carrying cells Matured spermatozoa have head, middle pieces and tail Head is acrosome containing several enzymes, help to penetrate the egg. The middle part has mitochondria for energy production for tail mobility. The tail is the only example of a flagellum in the human body. For complete development of each sperm need 2+ months Normally 300-500 million sperms are released during ejaculation A male who release 20-30 million normal sperms tend to be infertile . Semen Secretions from epididymis, seminal vesicles, prostate and bulbo urethral gland together with sperm make up semen. Sperm makes up only 1% of semen.

5. Male External Reproductive Organ: Penis: The penis is an extension from the peritoneal area of a male. The penis divided in to there regions : The root : is the fixed portion that attaches the penis to the rami The body : is movable portion, masses of erectile tissue are found with in the body. The glans : is the expanded distal end Has 2 main function Caries urine through the urethra to the out side during urination (urinary system ). Transports semen through the urethra during ejaculation (reproductive system ).

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7. Scrotum: The scrotum is a cutaneous bag containing the right and left testis. The epididymis and the lower part of the spermatic cord. Provides a temperature about 30c lower, is necessary for the production of health sperm. When the external temperature is very cold, the scrotum becomes heavily wrinkled as it pulls that tests closer to the warmth of the body wall. Layer of the scrotum the scrotum is made up of the following (from outside to inside) a. skin b. dartos muscle c. the external spermatic fascia d. the cremastric fascia e. the internal spermatic fascia. 03/10/2006 Mengistu.D BDU 7

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9. The Testis: The testis is the male gonad. it is homologous with the ovary of the female. It is the male sex gland, situated in the scrotum. It is considered a mixed gland (endocrine & exocrine). It produces the sperms (exocrine) and secretes the (endocrine). Fibrous septa divide the testis into 200-300 lobules; each containing 1,2 or 3 semniferous tubules. The somniferous tubules has 2 types of cells lying on its basement membrane: 1. Seprmatogonia or stem cells : which give rise to spermatocytes and spermatids 2. Sertoil cells : which give nutrition to the spermatids unitl they mature. Groups of interstitial cells lie in the testis between the somniferous tubules. They secrete the male sex hormone. The sperms pass from the tubules --- to retetestis ---- to vasa efferential ------ to the duct of the epididymis. 9

10. Epididymis The epididymis is a long, narrow, firm structure having an expanded upper end or head, a body, and a pointed tail inferiorly. The cordlike vas deferens emerges from the tail and ascends medial to the epididymis to enter the spermatic cord at the upper end of the scrotum. 11 Mengistu D.- BDU(2005/06 E.C)

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12. Vas Deferens The vas deferens is a thick-walled tube about 45 cm long that conveys mature sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct and the urethra. Is the primary component of the spermatic cord. It arises from the lower end or tail of the epididymis and passes through the inguinal canal . The terminal part of the vas deferens is dilated to form the ampulla of the vas deferens . The inferior end of the ampulla narrows down and joins the duct of the seminal vesicle to form the ejaculatory duct. 13 Mengistu D.- BDU(2005/06 E.C)

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16. Seminal Vesicles The seminal vesicles are two lobulated organs about 5 cm long lying on the posterior surface of the bladder . On the medial side of each vesicle lies the terminal part of the vas deferens. Secrete a thick alkaline fluid with fructose (an energy source for the sperms) & a coagulating agent that mixes with the sperms as they pass into the ejaculatory ducts & urethra. 17 Mengistu D.- BDU(2005/06 E.C)

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19. Ejaculatory Ducts The two ejaculatory ducts are each less than 2.5 cm long and are formed by the union of the vas deferens and the duct of the seminal vesicle . The ejaculatory ducts pierce the posterior surface of the prostate and open into the prostatic part of the urethra. Their function is to drain the seminal fluid into the prostatic urethra. 20 Mengistu D.- BDU(2005/06 E.C)

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21. Prostate Location and Description The prostate is a fibromuscular glandular organ that surrounds the prostatic urethra. It is about 3 cm long and lies between the neck of the bladder above and the urogenital diaphragm below. The prostate has a base , which lies against the bladder neck above, and an apex , which lies against the urogenital diaphragm below. 22 Mengistu D.- BDU(2005/06 E.C)

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25. Bulbourethral glands T wo pea-sized glands lying post. to membranous urethra , sup. to bulb of penis & embedded in the fibers of sphincter urethrae m. Their mucus-like secretion enters the urethra during sexual arousal . 26 Mengistu D.- BDU(2005/06 E.C)

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27. Male Urethra The male urethra is about 20 cm long and extends from the neck of the bladder to the external meatus on the glans of penis. It is divided into three parts: prostatic, membranous, and penile. 28 Mengistu D.- BDU(2005/06 E.C)