Malnutrition effects on the pulmonary system.pptx

Nutrition therapy plays a critical role in managing pulmonary diseases and improving outcomes for individuals with conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and other respiratory disorders.Malnutrition can have significant effects on the pulmonary system, impacting lung function

1. Mrs. R.Subha, Assistant Professor of Home Science Effect of malnutrition on pulmonary system

2. Introduction The lungs and respiration are fundamental to maintaining oxygen levels in the blood and removing carbon dioxide from the body

3. Lungs: The human body has two lungs—right and left—located in the thoracic cavity. The right lung is divided into three lobes (superior, middle and inferior) - left lung has two lobes (superior and inferior) to accommodate the heart. Bronchi and Bronchioles: Air travels through the trachea into the bronchi (one for each lung), which further divide into smaller bronchioles. These smaller airways distribute air throughout the lungs. Alveoli: At the end of the bronchioles are the alveoli, tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs. The alveoli are surrounded by capillaries where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the air and the blood. OVERVIEW OF THEIR STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

4. Nutrition therapy plays a critical role in managing pulmonary diseases and improving outcomes for individuals with conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and other respiratory disorders.

5. Benefits of Nutrition Therapy in pulmonary diseases Increase energy - effort required for breathing and possible increased metabolism - ·essential to prevent weight loss and muscle wasting. Balanced Diet -diet high in calories and nutrients -help maintain weight and muscle mass. Nutrient-dense foods, including healthy fats, proteins, and complex carbohydrates, are often recommended Ensuring Adequate Caloric Intake Optimizing Protein Intake · Muscle Maintenance: Protein is crucial for maintaining muscle mass, including respiratory muscles. Individuals with pulmonary diseases often require more protein to support muscle strength and repair. · Sources: Lean meats, poultry, fish, dairy products, legumes, and plant-based protein sources can help meet protein needs.

6. Benefits of Nutrition Therapy in Pulmonary diseases MANAGING CARBOHYDRATES AND FATS moderate carbohydrate intake with a focus on complex carbohydrates (e.g., whole grains) is often recommended Excessive carbohydrate intake - lead to increased CO2 production, which can be problematic for individuals with compromised lung function. Fats: Healthy fats (e.g., avocados, nuts, seeds, and olive oil) can provide concentrated calories and essential fatty acids without causing an excessive increase in carbon dioxide

7. Ensuring Adequate Micronutrient Intake Hydration ·Vitamins and Minerals: Nutrient deficiencies can exacerbate pulmonary conditions. Key vitamins and minerals include vitamin C (important for immune function), vitamin D (supports immune health and bone health), and magnesium (supports muscle function and relaxation). Sources: Fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, dairy products, and fortified foods can help meet micronutrient needs. · Fluid Intake: Adequate hydration is crucial for maintaining mucus viscosity and ensuring proper hydration of the airways. Proper fluid intake helps keep mucus thin and easier to clear from the lungs.

8. Malnutrition can have significant effects on the pulmonary system, impacting lung function and overall respiratory health in various ways: Malnutrition and pulmonary disease

9. Decreased Respiratory Muscle Strength Reduced Lung Volume and Capacity Impaired Immune Function Altered Gas Exchange Increased Risk of Respiratory Complications Delayed Recovery from Respiratory Illnesses Changes in Respiratory Rate Impact of Malnutrition on Lung Function

10. Conclusion Hence Medical Nutrition Therapy is essential to overcome Pulmonary Disease