Mammary tumors

Mammary tumors- causative agent, complication and treatment.

1. MAMMARY TUMORS IN DOGS

2. INTRODUCTION

3. NINE YEAR OLD BITCH WITH MAMMARY TUMOR. Note deep emaciation in bitch

4. PREVALENCE

5. EPIDEMIOLOGY Age of Spaying in bitches Risk of occurrence of mammary tumours vs. intact female Before first heat 0.5% After just one heat cycle 8% Post second heat cycle 26%

6. EPIDEMIOLOGY CONTD…. Age of dogs affected 10 to 11y for malignant tumours Body condition Obesity at 1y Nutritional factors Eating red meat and high fat homemade diets

7. TYPES AND BEHAVIOUR OF TUMOURS Approximately 50% of mammary tumours in dog – malignant Types of tumours Examples Benign Adenomas Fibroadenomas Benign mixed tumours Mesenchymal tumours Malignant Sarcoma Carcinosarcoma Inflammatory carcinoma Carcinomas

8. PROGNOSIS Uniform grading system absent Criteria of classification Types Prognosis Blood vessel wall invasion With invasion Poor Without invasion Only slightly better Size Greater than 5cm dia Increased chances of lymphnode metastasis Type Sarcoma and Carcinosarcomas better Inflammatory carcinoma Poor prognosis and will have metastasised by the time of diagnosis

9. Metastasis occurs to regional lymph nodes and lungs Mixed malignant tumours have histological characteristics of mesenchymal and epithelial malignancy

10. CLINICAL SIGNS

11. CLINICAL SIGNS

12. INFLAMMATORY CARCINOMA A n aggressive type of mammary tumor seen in dogs Often painful with swollen mammary glands . Swelling is often diffuse and can involve either a single mammary chain (i.e., all glands on either the left or right side) or all mammary glands Other signs include inappetence , weight loss, generalized weakness, and swelling of one or both hind legs

13. DIAGNOSIS

14. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

15. CLINICAL STAGING

16. TREATMENT

17. SURGICAL ANATOMY OF MAMMARY GLANDS

18. SURGICAL TREATMENT

19. SURGICAL OPTIONS

20. SIMPLE LUMPECTOMY

21. MAMMECTOMY

22. MAMMECTOMY INCISION

23. REGIONAL MAMMECTOMY

24. RADICAL MASTECTOMY Not indicated to improve the survival in dogs

25. PANHYSTERECTOMY

26. ADJUVANT THERAPY

27. THANK YOU