Management of natural resources

Management of natural resources for Class X CBSE. Alongwith measures taken by government.

1. MANAGEMENT OF NATURAL
RESOURCES
Sironntioi

2. TABLE OF CONTENT
01 DIFFERENT RESOURCES
02 TYPES OF NATURAL REASOURCE
03 THE 3 IR's
04 NEED FOR MANAGEMENT
05 FORESTS
06 WILDLIFE
07 WATER
08 DAMS
09 DIFFERENT METHOD OF WATER
OHARVESTING
10 RAINWATER HARVESTING
11 COAL AND PETROLEUM
12 MEASURES BY GOVERMENT
13 CONCLUSIONS

3. DIFFERENT
RESOURCES

4. TYPES OF NATURAL
RESOURCES
Natural resources :-
Natural resources are the resources available in a nature
like air, water, sunlight, soil, minerals, forests, wild life
etc. Natural resources are of two main types. They are
renewable and non-renewable natural resources.
i) Renewable natural resources :-
Those resources which can be replenished in a short
period of time like air, water, sunlight, forests etc.
ii) Non-renewable natural resources :-
Those resources which cannot be replenished in a short
period of time like minerals (coal, petroleum, natural
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gas, metals etc.) because they take millions of years to
be formed. Human activities produce a lot of waste
materials which are thrown away into the environment.
These wastes cause pollution of natural resources like
air, water and soil.

5. it(iai So'ar Energy
RENEWABLE
RESOURCES
Renewable energy
Biomass Eneroy
Geothermal Energy
NON-RENEWABLE
RESOURCES

6. The Three R's to save the environment :-
The three R's to save the environment are Reduce, Recycle and
i) Reduce :- means using less of natural resources and avoiding
wastage of natural resources.
ii) Recycle :- means the materials like paper, plastic, glass, metals
etc used for making things can again be used for making new
things instead of synthesizing or extracting new paper, plastic,
glass or metals.
Oiii) Reuse :- means using things again and again like the plastic
bottles in which we buy jams, pickles etc can be again used for
storing things in the kitchen.
Reduce
Do you really
need to print that
document?
Save Instead of
pnnttng
Pnnt 2-slded.
fie printers in the
library are defaulted to
print 2.sided greyscpie
Reuse
Printed something
in error, or no
longer need it?
Share your print-outs
when you re done
With them
Recycle
No longer need that
printing?
No blank sides for
scrap?
Use the
recycling bins
in the library
se old pnnt-outsfor Y
scrap paper

7. Need for management of natural resources :-
All the things we use and consume are obtained from natural
resources. Due to increase in population, industrialisation and
urbanisation the demand for natural resources is increasing and
their availability is limited . So there is a need for proper
management of natural resources.
The proper management of natural resources consists of :-
i) Judicious use of natural resources and avoiding wastage of
natural resources.
ii) Long term planning for the use of natural resources so that it
last not only for the present but also for future generations.
iii) The exploitation of natural resources should not be for the
benefit of a few people but should be distributed equally for all.
iv) While extracting and using natural resources we should also
plan for the safe disposal of wastes so that no damage is caused
to the environment.

8. Forests :-
a) Importance of forests :-
i) Forests help to preserve biodiversity.
ii) Forests are natural habitats of plants and animals.
iii) Forests provide timber, wood, fuel, medicines, fodder, etc.
iv) Forests help to maintain ecological balance. v) Forests help
to control climate and rainfall.
vi) Forests help to prevent soil erosion and controls floods.
vii) Forests help to maintain the oxygen—carbon dioxide
balance in nature.
b) Stake holders of forests :-
People who are associated with forests directly or indirectly
are :-
i) People living in and around forests depend on forests for
their livelihood.
ii) Industrialists who use the raw materials from forests for
manufacturing paper, medicines, furniture etc.
iii) Forest Department of the Government who owns the
forests and controls the resources from the forests.
iv) Nature and wild life organisations who want to conserve
O
and preserve forests.

9. c) Conservation of forests
Forests can be conserved by
i) Afforestation — planting of more trees.
ii) Preventing or reducing deforestation.
iii) Preventing over grazing by cattle.
iv) By setting up wildlife sanctuaries, national parks,
biosphere reserves etc.
v) Undertaking social forestry programs like Van Mahotsav,
Chipko movement for planting and protecting trees on a large
scale.

10. Wildlife :-
a) Importance of wildlife :-
i) Wildlife helps to preserve biodiversity.
ii) Wildlife helps to maintain food chains and food web.
iii) We get useful products from wildlife like food, medicines,
leather, bones, honey, lac etc.
b) Conservation of wildlife :-
i) Preserving the natural habitats of animals
. ii) Banning poaching of animals.
iii) Protecting endangered species of animals. iv) Setting up of
wildlife sanctuaries, national parks, biosphere reserves etc.
STOPPING
EXT t NC O N
Conservation

11. Water :-
a) Uses of water :-
Water is a basic necessity for all living things. We use water
for our daily needs, for agriculture, transportation,
construction of buildings, roads, dams etc. Water is a natural
habitat for aquatic organisms. Human activities are affecting
the availability of water and causing pollution of water bodies.
b) Dams :-
Advantages of dams :-
i) Irrigation of crops.
Oii) Producing electricity.
iii) Supplying water to towns and cities.
iv) To control floods.
Disadvantages of dams :-
i) Social problems :-It displaces a large number of people whohave to be rehabilitated.
ii) Economic problems :-It is expensive and uses a huge
amount of public money.
iii) Environmental
roblems :-It causes deforestation and lossof biodiversity.
4)

12. Dams

13. c) Water harvesting (Rain water harvesting) :-
Water harvesting is collecting and storing rain water for
future use. The common methods of water harvesting are :-
i) Digging pits, ponds, lakes etc.
ii) Building small earthen dams or concrete check dams.
iii) Construction of dykes.
iv) Construction of reservoirs.
v) Construction of rooftop collecting units in houses.
d) Advantages of underground water :-
i) It does not evaporate easily.
ii) It spreads out and recharges wells.
iii) It provides moisture for irrigation of crops.
iv) It does not get polluted easily.
v) It does not provide breeding ground for mosquitoes and
houseflies.
/ü

14. Different Method of Water Harvesting

15. Rain Water Harvesting
Tank
wc
Garden Garden
Pump
Car Wash
Rainwater
Harvesting

16. Water-Harvestinq Methods
Micro-
catchment
On-farm Rooftop
systems systems
dal
Small
Macro.
catchment and
floodwater
methods
Wadl.bed Of-wadi
systems Systems
Small
Large bunds.
a I-Imao
Cisterns
condugte;
4. Water storage tank
The water is then supplied to
fiats. which can be used for
domestic purposes
3. Collection tank
A fitted sensor then "t ia
sends the water to the
tank Located on the
terrace
2
2
Z. Suction tank
A placed the
&aes
of impurit•s
ater inlet
on the
makes its
n a pipe

17. Coal and petroleum
Coal and petroleum are fossil fuels formed by the decomposition
of dead plants and animals inside the earth after several millions
of years. They are non-renewable sources of energy.
Petroleum reserves may last for about 40 years and coal reserves
may last for about 200 years.
Coal and petroleum contain carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and
sulphur.
When they are burnt, they release carbon dioxide and oxides of
onitrogen and sulphur. Carbon dioxide is a green house gas which
causes global warming.
Oxides of nitrogen and sulphur combines with moisture in the air
and produces acid rain.
*MINING INDUSTRY*

18. Measure taken by Government of India
1. Nagar Van Udyan Scheme
There have been multiple studies that prove that spending
more time with nature improves quality of life and therefore this
new scheme by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and
Climate might just be perfect. Open spaces, especially green
areas are often hard to find in big cities because of the lack of
space. People are restricted to their homes and have to go out
of their way to encounter nature.
O
However, the 'Naqar Van Udyan' scheme aims to create at
least one forest in each city having a municipal corporation to
provide a "wholesome natural environment" for recreation and
for the growth of smart, clean, green and sustainable cities.
This scheme not only plans on creating an open space for
recreation but also aims to educate the public about India's
wide variety of biodiversity by labeling plants and putting up
wooden planks to identify different species.
Some of the objectives of the initiative are to create 200 city
forests in the country which will help towards creating
awareness about the environment, provide health benefits to
O citizens and make cities' climate resilient.

19. 2. Waste Manaqement under Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan
Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan is a mass movement of cleanliness
that was launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2014.
He hoped to develop a sense of responsibility among the
people to achieve Mahatma Gandhi's aim of a clean India. One
of the initiatives that was taken up under this mass movement
was to amend and improve the waste management rules of the
country in order reduce the amount of waste produced and
improve the process of waste management.
These rules were finally revamped in 2016 to fit the objective
O of Swachh Bharat.
The main objective of the rules is to effectively recover
resources for utilisation through recycling and generate income
and employment in the process. Some of the features of
these rules are mandatory segregation of waste, a 'spot fine'
introduced for littering and jobs created by introducing the
integration of waste pickers and waste dealers by State
Governments.
O

20. 3. Pro•ect Ti er
Project Tiqer was introduced in 1973 to improve the
diminishing numbers of tigers in India. It is an ongoing scheme
sponsored by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate
change and provides assistance to the tiger states for
tiger conservation.
The objectives of this project include protection, habitat
restoration, day to day monitoring, eco-development for local
people in buffer areas, voluntary relocation of people from main
tiger habitats, and addressing human-wildlife conflicts, under
O the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. The project has seen
successful as the numbers of tigers went up from 1 , 710 in 2011
to 2,226 in 2014.
This is probably one of the most successful environmental
projects by the government. In the words of Prime Minister,
Narendra Modi,"Tiger conservation is not a choice but an
imperative."

21. f or Future MFF
Mangroves are areas of shrubs or small trees that usually grow
in brackish water, They are important because they protect the
coastal areas from erosion, storm surges and tsunamis. They
are also home to a wide variety of flora and faunaxwhich will
perish if they are destroyed. Mangroves are found In a lot of
places in India but the largest mangrove forest in India is the
Sundarbans in West Bengal.
Manqroves for the Future initiative is a multi-country Initiative
coordinated by the International Union for Conservation of
ONature, IUCN covering, initially, six tsunami-affected countries
namely, India, Indonesia, Maldives, Seychelles, Srilanka and
Thailand.
The National Coordination Body of India was constituted under
this project to overlook the project activities in the country. The
government has recognised 42 sites and four coral reefs in
need of restoration and has set aside Rs 11.37 crore for the
same. Due to the implementation of the project, mangroves
have increased by more than 100 sq kms in the last few years.

22. 5. National Wetland Conservation Programme
Wetlands are small areas of shallow water that occur where the
water table is at or near the surface. They are associated with a
wide variety of animal and plant life and provide numerous
ecological services.
The National Wetland Conservation proqramme is a
Government of India initiative. Till date, the programme has
identified 115 wetlands around the country that are in need of
urgent conservation and management. The project aims to
conserve and promote awareness about the wise use wetlands
O in the country in order to prevent further degradation.

23. 6. Green Skill Development Programme
The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate change
launched the Green Skill Development Proqramme in June
2017. Green skills include conserving and protecting the green
of nature alongside creating awareness among the youth to
develop skills and gain experience. In May 2018, during the
launch of the GSDP mobile app, Harsh Vardhan, the Union
Minister for Environment, forest, and climate change said that
2.25 lakh people will be employed through GSDP by the next
year and about five lakh will be employed by 2021.
The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate change
implemented the National River Conservation Proqramme, sub-
schemes of Conservation of Natural Resources and
Ecosystems, Green India Missionand National Afforestation
Proqramme, National Coastal Manaqement
Proqramme, National Mission on Himalayan Studies under
Climate Chanqe Proqram under the Central Sector & Centrally
Sponsored Schemes of Government of India.
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